Search results for "RESPIRATORY SYSTEM"
showing 10 items of 1829 documents
Spatial and temporal heterogeneity of ventilator-associated lung injury after surfactant depletion.
2008
Volutrauma and atelectrauma have been proposed as mechanisms of ventilator-associated lung injury, but few studies have compared their relative importance in mediating lung injury. The objective of our study was to compare the injury produced by stretch (volutrauma) vs. cyclical recruitment (atelectrauma) after surfactant depletion. In saline-lavaged rabbits, we used high tidal volume, low respiratory rate, and low positive end-expiratory pressure to produce stretch injury in nondependent lung regions and cyclical recruitment in dependent lung regions. Tidal changes in shunt fraction were assessed by measuring arterial Po2 oscillations. After ventilating for times ranging from 0 to 6 h, lu…
Gold nanoparticles induce cytotoxicity in the alveolar type-II cell lines A549 and NCIH441.
2009
Abstract Background During the last years engineered nanoparticles (NPs) have been extensively used in different technologies and consequently many questions have arisen about the risk and the impact on human health following exposure to nanoparticles. Nevertheless, at present knowledge about the cytotoxicity induced by NPs is still largely incomplete. In this context, we have investigated the cytotoxicity induced by gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), which differed in size and purification grade (presence or absence of sodium citrate residues on the particle surface) in vitro, in the human alveolar type-II (ATII)-like cell lines A549 and NCIH441. Results We found that the presence of sodium citra…
Role of MUC1 in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
2016
Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive and irreversible form of fibrotic intersticial lung disease, characterized by uncontrolled fibroblast proliferative processes and alveolar type II epithelial dysfunction. MUC1 is considered as oncogenic molecule by altering signaling pathways involved in cellular proliferation and cell death. Objective: To analyze the implication of MUC1 in IPF Methods: Lung tissue from 14 healthy and 14 IPF patients was obtained. The expression of MUC1 cytoplasmic tail (CT) and its phosphorylation forms in T-1224 and Y-1229 residues were analyzed by western blot and immunohistochemistry. The effect of MUC1 on TGFβ1-Iinduced epithelia…
Role of IL-11 in vascular function of pulmonary fibrosis patients
2019
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) portends a poor prognosis. Currently, no therapy can improve survival of patients diagnosed with this disease. IL-11 molecular pathway is over-expressed in proliferative disorders, however, its role in PH- associated IPF is unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluated the expression of IL-11 in IPF patients with or without PH. Also we hypothesized that the stimulation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) and human pulmonary artery microvascular endothelial cells (HMVEC-L) with IL-11 induced the transformation into invasive myofibroblast. Human pulmonary artery rings, parenchyma tissue, broncho-alveolar lavage …
Effects of normobaric oxygen on ciliary beat frequency of human respiratory epithelium
1998
Respiratory infection is a major cause of morbidity after general anaesthesia. Impairment of respiratory ciliary beat frequency (CBF) by different stress factors causes a decrease in mucus transport rate (MTR). We have tested the effect of different concentrations of oxygen on CBF of human respiratory epithelium in a prospective, randomized, in vitro study. Samples of superficial mucosa of the inferior nasal turbinates of 20 non-smoking healthy volunteers were harvested and exposed to three different oxygen environments (group I = 21% oxygen, group II = 60% oxygen and group III = 95% oxygen) for 2 h. In 50% of the samples, exposure time was prolonged. At 30, 60, 90, 120 and 240 min, light m…
Functional Adhesion of Pectin Biopolymers to the Lung Visceral Pleura
2021
Pleural injuries and the associated “air leak” are the most common complications after pulmonary surgery. Air leaks are the primary reason for prolonged chest tube use and increased hospital length of stay. Pectin, a plant-derived heteropolysaccharide, has been shown to be an air-tight sealant of pulmonary air leaks. Here, we investigate the morphologic and mechanical properties of pectin adhesion to the visceral pleural surface of the lung. After the application of high-methoxyl citrus pectin films to the murine lung, we used scanning electron microscopy to demonstrate intimate binding to the lung surface. To quantitatively assess pectin adhesion to the pleural surface, we used a custom ad…
Transfer of the active form of transforming growth factor-beta 1 gene to newborn rat lung induces changes consistent with bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
2003
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is a chronic lung disease of premature human infancy that shows pathological features comprising varying sized areas of interstitial fibrosis in association with distorted large alveolar spaces. We have previously shown that transfer of active transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta 1 (AdTGF beta 1(223/225)) genes by adenovirus vector to embryonic lungs results in inhibition of branching morphogenesis and primitive peripheral lung development, whereas transfer to adult lungs results in progressive interstitial fibrosis. Herein we show that transfer of TGF-beta1 to newborn rat pups results in patchy areas of interstitial fibrosis developing throughout a period of 28 …
NREM Sleep Instability in Pediatric Migraine Without Aura
2019
Children with migraine headaches appear to have a range of sleep disturbances. The aim of the present study was to assess the NREM sleep instability in a population of school-aged individuals affected by migraine without aura (MoA). Thirty-three children with MoA (20 males, 13 females, mean age 10.45 ± 2.06 years) underwent to overnight Polysomnographic (PSG) recordings and Cyclic Alternating Pattern (CAP) analyses accordingly with international criteria. MoA group showed a reduction in sleep duration parameters (TIB, SPT, TST; p ≤ 0.001 for all) and in arousal index during REM sleep and an increase in awakenings per hour (AWK/h) vs. Controls (C) (p = 0.008). In particular, MoA children sho…
ARIA 2016: Care pathways implementing emerging technologies for predictive medicine in rhinitis and asthma across the life cycle
2016
The Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) initiative commenced during a World Health Organization workshop in 1999. The initial goals were (1) to propose a new allergic rhinitis classification, (2) to promote the concept of multi-morbidity in asthma and rhinitis and (3) to develop guidelines with all stakeholders that could be used globally for all countries and populations. ARIA-disseminated and implemented in over 70 countries globally-is now focusing on the implementation of emerging technologies for individualized and predictive medicine. MASK [MACVIA (Contre les Maladies Chroniques pour un Vieillissement Actif)-ARIA Sentinel NetworK] uses mobile technology to develop care p…
Disease expression in women with hereditary angioedema
2008
Udgivelsesdato: 2008-Jun-11 OBJECTIVE: Fluctuations in sex hormones can trigger angioedema attacks in women with hereditary angioedema. Combined oral contraceptive therapies, as well as pregnancy, can induce severe attacks. The course of angioedema may be very variable in different women. STUDY DESIGN: Within the PREHAEAT project launched by the European Union, data on 150 postpubertal women with hereditary angioedema were collected in 8 countries, using a patient-based questionnaire. RESULTS: Puberty worsened the disease for 62%. Combined oral contraceptives worsened the disease for 79%, whereas progestogen-only pills improved it for 64%. During pregnancies, 38% of women had more attacks, …