Search results for "Resistance"

showing 10 items of 3641 documents

Increased physical activity decreases hepatic free fatty acid uptake: a study in human monozygotic twins

2006

Exercise is considered to be beneficial for free fatty acid (FFA) metabolism, although reports of the effects of increased physical activity on FFA uptake and oxidation in different tissues in vivo in humans have been inconsistent. To investigate the heredity-independent effects of physical activity and fitness on FFA uptake in skeletal muscle, the myocardium, and liver we used positron emission tomography (PET) in nine healthy young male monozygotic twin pairs discordant for physical activity and fitness. The cotwins with higher physical activity constituting the more active group had a similar body mass index but less body fat and 18 +/- 10% higher (P < 0.001) compared to the less active …

2. Zero hungerchemistry.chemical_classificationmedicine.medical_specialtyPhysiologySkeletal muscleAdipose tissueFatty acidMonozygotic twin030209 endocrinology & metabolism030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyBiologymedicine.diseaseBody fat percentage03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structureInsulin resistancechemistryInternal medicinemedicineAerobic exerciseBody mass indexThe Journal of Physiology
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Metabolic Syndrome: From Molecular Mechanisms to Novel Therapies

2021

The metabolic syndrome (MetS) consists of a cluster of metabolic abnormalities including central obesity, insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, hypertension, and atherogenic dyslipidemia [...]

2019-20 coronavirus outbreakCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)QH301-705.5Disease clusterBioinformaticsCatalysisInorganic ChemistryInsulin resistanceDiabetes mellitusmedicineAnimalsHumansObesityPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryBiology (General)Molecular BiologyQD1-999SpectroscopyMetabolic SyndromeAtherogenic dyslipidemiabusiness.industryOrganic ChemistryAnimals Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Humans Insulin Resistance Metabolic Syndrome ObesityGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseObesityComputer Science ApplicationsChemistryEditorialn/aDiabetes Mellitus Type 2Metabolic syndromeInsulin ResistancebusinessInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences
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Reactancia psicológica como explicación de la resistencia de los italianos a observar las medidas de seguridad durante el brote de COVID-19

2020

2019-20 coronavirus outbreakCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)business.industrySevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)ReactanceOutbreakResistance (psychoanalysis)Virologylcsh:Political science (General)Medicinelcsh:H1-99lcsh:Social sciences (General)lcsh:JA1-92businessRevista de Ciencias Sociales
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Antidiabetic Drugs in NAFLD: The Accomplishment of Two Goals at Once?

2018

Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease in Western countries, accounting for 20–30% of general population and reaching a prevalence of 55% in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Insulin resistance plays a key role in pathogenic mechanisms of NAFLD. Many drugs have been tested but no medications have yet been approved. Antidiabetic drugs could have a role in the progression reduction of the disease. The aim of this review is to summarize evidence on efficacy and safety of antidiabetic drugs in patients with NAFLD. Metformin, a biguanide, is the most frequently used drug in the treatment of T2DM. To date 15 randomized controlled t…

3003medicine.medical_specialtymedicine.drug_classmedicine.medical_treatmentlcsh:Medicinelcsh:RS1-441Pharmaceutical Sciencehepatic cirrhosis030209 endocrinology & metabolismReviewChronic liver diseaseGastroenterologylcsh:Pharmacy and materia medica03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineInsulin resistanceInternal medicineDiabetes mellitusDrug DiscoverymedicineBiguanidebusiness.industryLiraglutideInsulinlcsh:RFatty liverThiazolidinedionenutritional and metabolic diseasesnon-alcoholic fatty liver diseaseLiraglutidemedicine.diseaseMetforminMetforminHepatic cirrhosiMolecular Medicine030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyThiazolidinedionesnon-alcoholic steatohepatitisbusinessNon-alcoholic steatohepatitimedicine.drugPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)
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Integrated CGH/WES Analyses Advance Understanding of Aggressive Neuroblastoma Evolution: A Case Study

2021

Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extra-cranial malignancy in preschool children. To portray the genetic landscape of an overly aggressive NB leading to a rapid clinical progression of the disease, tumor DNA collected pre- and post-treatment has been analyzed. Array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH), whole-exome sequencing (WES), and pharmacogenetics approaches, respectively, have identified relevant copy number alterations (CNAs), single nucleotide variants (SNVs), and polymorphisms (SNPs) that were then combined into an integrated analysis. Spontaneously formed 3D tumoroids obtained from the recurrent mass have also been characterized. The results prove the power of combining C…

3D tumoroids; Array CGH; Clonal evolution; Neuroblastoma; Pharmacogenetics; Recurrent tumor; Single nucleotide variants; Whole exome sequencing; Child Preschool; Disease Progression; Drug Resistance Neoplasm; Fatal Outcome; Humans; Immunophenotyping; Neuroblastoma; Polymorphism Single Nucleotide; Comparative Genomic Hybridization; Whole Exome SequencingQH301-705.5Drug Resistanceclonal evolutionCase Report3D tumoroidsSingle-nucleotide polymorphismDiseaseComputational biologyBiologyMalignancyPolymorphism Single NucleotideSomatic evolution in cancerImmunophenotypingwhole exome sequencingNeuroblastomaFatal OutcomeNeuroblastomaExome SequencingmedicineHumansarray CGHrecurrent tumorPolymorphismBiology (General)ChildPreschoolExome sequencingTumorsComparative Genomic HybridizationSingle NucleotideGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseSingle nucleotide variantsDrug Resistance NeoplasmPharmacogeneticsChild PreschoolDisease ProgressionFarmacogenèticaNeoplasmPharmacogeneticsComparative genomic hybridization
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Effects of elastic-based exercise interventions on oxidative stress, bone health, body composition, neuromuscular strength and physical function in o…

2021

Antecedentes El envejecimiento de la población mundial es reconocido por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) como un problema principal debido a las discapacidades y comorbilidades relacionadas con este proceso, siendo las mujeres el género más afectado. Debido al deterioro y las consecuencias asociadas al envejecimiento, la actividad física y el ejercicio han demostrado ser estrategias eficaces para reducir el impacto del envejecimiento. Sin embargo, todavía se desconoce qué tipo de programa de entrenamiento podría ser el más eficaz para revertir los cambios deletéreos relacionados con la edad en mujeres mayores. En este sentido, el tipo de intensidad del entrenamiento y la modalidad…

:CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA::Biología humana [UNESCO]Variable resistanceUNESCO::CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA::Fisiología humanaHigh-velocity resistance trainingAdipose tissue:CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA::Fisiología humana ::Fisiología del movimiento [UNESCO]UNESCO::CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA::Fisiología humana ::Fisiología del movimiento:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]:CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA [UNESCO]:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS ::Ciencias clínicas::Geriatría [UNESCO]:CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA::Fisiología humana [UNESCO]Older adultsUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASUNESCO::QUÍMICA::BioquímicaMuscle powerUNESCO::CIENCIAS DE LA VIDAUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICAS ::Ciencias clínicas::GeriatríaBone mineral densityUNESCO::CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA::Biología humana:QUÍMICA::Bioquímica [UNESCO]
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Perspectives for the Treatment of Brucellosis in the 21st Century: The Ioannina Recommendations

2007

Policy Forum. Competing interests: ER has received research grants from Daiichi, Bayer, and Theravance and has served as a consultant to Pfizer, Theravance, Bayer, Wyeth, Rosetta, and BiondVax. Summary Points Brucellosis remains the commonest anthropozoonosis worldwide, and its treatment remains complex, requiring protracted administration of more than one antibiotic. In November 2006, a consensus meeting aimed at reaching a common specialist statement on the treatment of brucellosis was held in Ioannina, Greece under the auspices of the International Society of Chemotherapy and the Institute of Continuing Medical Education of Ioannina. The author panel suggests that the optimal treatment o…

:Diseases::Pathological Conditions Signs and Symptoms::Pathologic Processes::Disease Attributes::Recurrence [Medical Subject Headings]Veterinary medicine:Chemicals and Drugs::Carbohydrates::Glycosides::Aminoglycosides::Streptomycin [Medical Subject Headings]:Phenomena and Processes::Microbiological Phenomena::Drug Resistance Microbial [Medical Subject Headings]DiseaseGlobal Health:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans [Medical Subject Headings]:Health Care::Population Characteristics::Health::World Health [Medical Subject Headings]Terminología como AsuntoBrucellosi:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals [Medical Subject Headings]:Health Care::Health Care Economics and Organizations::Organizations::International Agencies::United Nations::World Health Organization [Medical Subject Headings]Policy ForumMedicine in Developing CountriesGentamicinasDrug Resistance MicrobialBrucelosisAdhesión a DirectrizGeneral MedicineHumanosDrug CombinationsAntibacterianosDoxycyclineStreptomycinEstreptomicinaMedicine:Chemicals and Drugs::Heterocyclic Compounds::Heterocyclic Compounds with 4 or More Rings::Rifamycins::Rifampin [Medical Subject Headings]Drug Therapy CombinationGuideline AdherenceRifampinFluoroquinolonesSalud Mundialmedicine.medical_specialtyEfficacyResultado del TratamientoInvestigación BiomédicaRecurrenciaTherapeuticsWorld Health OrganizationMicrobiologyAntibiotic resistanceTerminology as Topic:Disciplines and Occupations::Social Sciences::Internationality::International Cooperation::Developing Countries [Medical Subject Headings]HumansMedical journalIntensive care medicineDeveloping Countries:Chemicals and Drugs::Heterocyclic Compounds::Heterocyclic Compounds 1-Ring::Pyrimidines::Trimethoprim::Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole Combination [Medical Subject Headings]medicine.diseaseCotrimoxazoleAnimalesQuimioterapia:Humanities::Humanities::History::History Modern 1601-::History 21st Century [Medical Subject Headings]GentamicinsBrucel·losiBiomedical ResearchCommunicable diseases:Chemicals and Drugs::Heterocyclic Compounds::Heterocyclic Compounds 2-Ring::Quinolines::Quinolones::Fluoroquinolones [Medical Subject Headings]Human diseaseRecurrence:Chemicals and Drugs::Pharmaceutical Preparations::Drug Combinations [Medical Subject Headings]:Information Science::Information Science::Communication::Language::Linguistics::Terminology as Topic [Medical Subject Headings]biologyIraqi patientsRMetaanalysis:Diseases::Bacterial Infections and Mycoses::Bacterial Infections::Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections::Brucellosis [Medical Subject Headings]Historia del Siglo XXIAnti-Bacterial AgentsCombinación Trimetoprim-SulfametoxazolTreatment OutcomeInfectious Diseases:Disciplines and Occupations::Natural Science Disciplines::Science::Research::Biomedical Research [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Hydrocarbons::Hydrocarbons Cyclic::Hydrocarbons Aromatic::Polycyclic Hydrocarbons Aromatic::Naphthacenes::Tetracyclines::Doxycycline [Medical Subject Headings]Fluoroquinolonas:Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Therapeutic Uses::Anti-Infective Agents::Anti-Bacterial Agents [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Carbohydrates::Glycosides::Aminoglycosides::Gentamicins [Medical Subject Headings]Países en Desarrollo:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Therapeutics::Drug Therapy::Drug Therapy Combination [Medical Subject Headings]BrucellaHistory 21st CenturyBrucellosisWorld healthTrimethoprim Sulfamethoxazole Drug CombinationmedicineAnimals:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Diagnosis::Prognosis::Treatment Outcome [Medical Subject Headings]Resistencia a Medicamentosbusiness.industryOrganización Mundial de la SaludBrucellosisMalalties infecciosesTerapèuticabiology.organism_classificationCombinación de MedicamentosDoxiciclinaTherapybusinessBrucella melitensisPLoS Medicine
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Self-reported antibiotic stewardship and infection control measures from 57 intensive care units: An international ID-IRI survey

2022

Infection control; Multidrug resistance; Stewardship Control de infección; Resistencia a múltiples fármacos; Administración Control d'infecció; Resistència a múltiples fàrmacs; Administració We explored the self-reported antibiotic stewardship (AS), and infection prevention and control (IPC) activities in intensive care units (ICUs) of different income settings. A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online questionnaire to collect data about IPC and AS measures in participating ICUs. The study participants were Infectious Diseases–International Research Initiative (IDI-IR) members, committed as per their institutional agreement form. We analyzed responses from 57 ICUs in 24 countri…

:Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Data Collection::Surveys and Questionnaires [ANALYTICAL DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC TECHNIQUES AND EQUIPMENT]EpidemiologyIntensive Care UnitInfection controlAmerica:acciones y usos químicos::acciones farmacológicas::usos terapéuticos::antiinfecciosos::antibacterianos [COMPUESTOS QUÍMICOS Y DROGAS]Multidrug resistanceCommunicable DiseasesEnquestesPan drug resistanceCommunicable DiseaseAntimicrobial StewardshipSurveys and QuestionnairesAnti-Bacterial AgentHumansMedicaments antibacterians - Ús terapèuticStewardshipSurveys and QuestionnaireSocietyUnitats de cures intensivesCross-Sectional StudieInfection ControlCross InfectionPreventionPublic Health Environmental and Occupational Health:técnicas de investigación::métodos epidemiológicos::recopilación de datos::encuestas y cuestionarios [TÉCNICAS Y EQUIPOS ANALÍTICOS DIAGNÓSTICOS Y TERAPÉUTICOS]General MedicineMDROAnti-Bacterial AgentsIntensive Care Units:Health Care Facilities Manpower and Services::Health Facilities::Hospital Units::Intensive Care Units [HEALTH CARE]Cross-Sectional StudiesInfectious Diseases:instalaciones servicios y personal de asistencia sanitaria::centros sanitarios::unidades hospitalarias::unidades de cuidados intensivos [ATENCIÓN DE SALUD]:Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Therapeutic Uses::Anti-Infective Agents::Anti-Bacterial Agents [CHEMICALS AND DRUGS]Self ReportMDROsLow- and upper-middle and high incomeHuman
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Antitumor Mechanism of the Essential Oils from Two Succulent Plants in Multidrug Resistance Leukemia Cell

2019

Drug resistance remains a major challenge in the treatment of cancer. The multiplicity of the drug resistance determinants raises the question about the optimal strategies to deal with them. Essential oils showed to inhibit the growth of different tumor cell types. Essential oils contain several chemical classes of compounds whose heterogeneity of active moieties can help prevent the development of drug resistance. In the present paper, we analyzed, by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry the chemical composition of the essential oil of the leaves of Kalanchoe beharensis obtained by hydrodistillation and compared the chemical composition of its essential oil with that of Cyphostemma juttae.…

<i>Kalanchoe beharensis</i>Celllcsh:Medicinelcsh:RS1-441Pharmaceutical ScienceKalanchoe beharensiDrug resistanceArticleessential oilNF-κBlaw.inventionlcsh:Pharmacy and materia medica03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineKalanchoe beharensislawmultidrug resistanceCyphostemma juttaeDrug DiscoverymedicineNF-kappaBSettore BIO/15 - Biologia FarmaceuticaEssential oilacute myeloid leukemia cell030304 developmental biology0303 health sciences<i>Cyphostemma juttae</i>biologylcsh:RMyeloid leukemiaCyphostemma juttaebiology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseaseMultiple drug resistanceLeukemiamedicine.anatomical_structureBiochemistry030220 oncology & carcinogenesisSettore BIO/03 - Botanica Ambientale E ApplicataSettore BIO/14 - FarmacologiaMolecular MedicineKalanchoe beharensisPharmaceuticals
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Two cases of monomicrobial intraabdominal abscesses due to KPC - 3 Klebsiella pneumoniaeST258 clone

2011

Abstract Background Knowledge of the etiology of pyogenic liver and pancreatic abscesses is an important factor in determining the success of combined surgical and antibiotic treatment. Literature shows geographical variations in the prevalence and distribution of causative organisms, and the spread of Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-producing bacteria is an emerging cause of abdominal infections. Case presentation We herein describe two cases of intra-abdominal abscesses due to monomicrobial infection by Klebsiella pneumoniae Sequence Type 258 producing K. pneumoniae carbapenemase 3 (KPC-Kp). In case 1, a 50-year-old HIV-negative Italian woman with chronic pancreatitis showed infection…

<it>Klebsiellae pneumoniae</it>medicine.medical_specialtyAbdominal AbscessSettore MED/17 - Malattie Infettivecarbapenemasesmedicine.drug_classKlebsiella pneumoniaeAntibioticsMinocyclineCase ReportDrug resistanceTigecyclineTigecyclinebeta-LactamasesBacterial ProteinsDrug Resistance Multiple BacterialPancreatitis ChronicInternal medicinemedicineHumanslcsh:RC799-869Klebsiellae pneumoniaeSettore MED/12 - GastroenterologiabiologyColistinbusiness.industryAbdominal InfectionLiver NeoplasmsGastroenterologyGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedbiology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseaseAnti-Bacterial AgentsElectrophoresis Gel Pulsed-FieldKlebsiella InfectionsSurgeryPancreatic NeoplasmsSettore MED/18 - Chirurgia GeneraleKlebsiella pneumoniaeColistinPancreatitislcsh:Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterologymonomicrobial abscess Klebsiellae pneumoniae carbapenemasesFemalebusinessmonomicrobial abscessmedicine.drugLiver abscessBMC Gastroenterology
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