Search results for "Retrovirus"

showing 10 items of 42 documents

Zfp819, a novel KRAB-zinc finger protein, interacts with KAP1 and functions in genomic integrity maintenance of mouse embryonic stem cells

2013

AbstractPluripotency is maintained by both known and unknown transcriptional regulatory networks. In the present study, we have identified Zfp819, a KRAB-zinc finger protein, as a novel pluripotency-related factor and characterized its role in pluripotent stem cells. We show that Zfp819 is expressed highly in various types of pluripotent stem cells but not in their differentiated counterparts. We identified the presence of non-canonical nuclear localization signals in particular zinc finger motifs and identified them as responsible for the nuclear localization of Zfp819. Analysis of the Zfp819 promoter region revealed the presence of a transcriptionally active chromatin signature. Moreover,…

Homeobox protein NANOGMolecular Sequence DataEndogenous retrovirusBiologyTripartite Motif-Containing Protein 28Cell LineHistones03 medical and health sciencesMice0302 clinical medicineSOX2AnimalsAmino Acid SequenceRNA Small InterferingInduced pluripotent stem cellPromoter Regions GeneticEmbryonic Stem Cells030304 developmental biologyTranscriptionally active chromatinZinc fingerMedicine(all)Cell NucleusHomeodomain Proteins0303 health sciencesSOXB1 Transcription FactorsNuclear ProteinsCell DifferentiationGeneral MedicineCell BiologyNanog Homeobox ProteinMolecular biologyEmbryonic stem cellUp-RegulationDNA-Binding ProteinsRepressor Proteins030220 oncology & carcinogenesisCarrier ProteinsOctamer Transcription Factor-3Nuclear localization sequenceDevelopmental BiologyDNA DamageProtein BindingStem Cell Research
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Human endogenous retrovirus rec interferes with germ cell development in mice and may cause carcinoma in situ, the predecessor lesion of germ cell tu…

2005

Germ cell tumors (GCTs) are among the most common malignancies in young men. We have previously documented that patients with GCT frequently produce serum antibodies directed against proteins encoded by human endogenous retrovirus (HERV) type K sequences. Transcripts originating from the env gene of HERV-K, including the rec-relative of human immunodeficiency virus rev, are highly expressed in GCTs. We report here that mice that inducibly express HERV-K rec show a disturbed germ cell development and may exhibit, by 19 months of age, changes reminiscent of carcinoma in situ, the predecessor lesion of classic seminoma in humans. This provides the first direct evidence that the expression of a…

MaleCancer ResearchTime FactorsvirusesTransgeneBlotting WesternEndogenous retrovirusApoptosisMice TransgenicEndogenyBiologymedicine.disease_causeMiceViral Envelope ProteinsCell Line TumorGeneticsmedicineAnimalsHumansHuman endogenous retrovirus KRNA MessengerMolecular BiologyModels GeneticReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionEndogenous RetrovirusesSeminomaNeoplasms Germ Cell and EmbryonalSeminiferous Tubulesmedicine.diseaseVirologyProtein Structure TertiaryAlternative SplicingGerm Cellsmedicine.anatomical_structureMicroscopy FluorescenceCancer researchGerminomaGerm cell tumorsCarcinogenesisCarcinoma in SituGerm cellOncogene
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Transmission of HIV Drug Resistance and the Predicted Effect on Current First-line Regimens in Europe

2016

Transmitted human immunodeficiency virus drug resistance in Europe is stable at around 8%. The impact of baseline mutation patterns on susceptibility to antiretroviral drugs should be addressed using clinical guidelines. The impact on baseline susceptibility is largest for nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors.

MaleHuman immunodeficiency virus 1EtravirineRNA directed DNA polymerase inhibitordarunavirHIV InfectionsSettore MED/42 - Igiene Generale E Applicata:Disciplines and Occupations::Health Occupations::Medicine::Public Health [Medical Subject Headings]:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans [Medical Subject Headings]Salud públicageneticsInhibidores de proteasas:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Data Collection::Vital Statistics::Morbidity::Prevalence [Medical Subject Headings]atazanavirmedia_commontransmission:Geographicals::Geographic Locations::Europe [Medical Subject Headings]3. Good healthmicrobial sensitivity testpriority journalEurope ; HIV-1 ; antiretroviral therapy ; drug resistance ; transmissionHIV/AIDSlamivudineReverse Transcriptase Inhibitors/pharmacologyanti human immunodeficiency virus agentDrugMicrobiology (medical)medicine.medical_specialtyantiviral susceptibility:Phenomena and Processes::Genetic Phenomena::Genetic Variation::Mutation [Medical Subject Headings]media_common.quotation_subjectantiretroviral therapy030106 microbiologyHIV Infections/drug therapy:Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Therapeutic Uses::Anti-Infective Agents::Antiviral Agents::Anti-Retroviral Agents::Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors [Medical Subject Headings]Microbial Sensitivity TestsRILPIVIRINEArticleEFAVIRENZ03 medical and health sciencestransmitted drug resistanceSDG 3 - Good Health and Well-beingHumansTransmissionhuman:Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Pharmacological Phenomena::Drug Resistance [Medical Subject Headings]REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITORSRilpivirinaINTEGRASEMUTATIONSabacavirmajor clinical studyVirologyInfecciones por VIHRegimenAntiretroviral therapy; Drug resistance; Europe; HIV-1; Transmission; Medicine (all); Microbiology (medical); Infectious DiseaseschemistryDrug resistance:Chemicals and Drugs::Heterocyclic Compounds::Heterocyclic Compounds 1-Ring::Oxazines::Benzoxazines [Medical Subject Headings]MutationHIV-10301 basic medicinenevirapineDrug resistanceCommunicable diseases:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Confidence Intervals [Medical Subject Headings]chemistry.chemical_compoundantiviral therapyINFECTIONMedicine and Health SciencesPrevalence:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Data Collection::Surveys and Questionnaires [Medical Subject Headings]ViralNon-U.S. Gov'tReverse-transcriptase inhibitorantiretrovirus agentResearch Support Non-U.S. Gov'tMedicine (all)Human immunodeficiency virus infected patientMiddle AgedvirologyPREVALENCEAntiretroviral therapyEncuestas y CuestionariosANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENTEuropeInfectious DiseasesHIV-1/drug effectsHIV Protease Inhibitors/pharmacologyRilpivirineReverse Transcriptase Inhibitors:Diseases::Immune System Diseases::Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes::HIV Infections [Medical Subject Headings]FemaleHIV drug resistancemedicine.drugAdultHuman immunodeficiency virus proteinase inhibitor:Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Nitriles::Rilpivirine [Medical Subject Headings]EfavirenzAnti-HIV AgentsResearch SupportResistencia a medicamentosSettore MED/17 - MALATTIE INFETTIVEantiviral resistanceInternal medicineAnti-HIV Agents/pharmacologyDrug Resistance ViralJournal Articlemedicine:Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action::Enzyme Inhibitors::Protease Inhibitors [Medical Subject Headings]abacavir plus lamivudineEuropa (Continente)Antiretroviral therapy; Drug resistance; Europe; HIV-1; Transmission; Adult; Anti-HIV Agents; Drug Resistance Viral; Europe; Female; HIV Infections; HIV Protease Inhibitors; HIV-1; Humans; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Mutation; Prevalence; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; Microbiology (medical); Infectious DiseasesemtricitabinenonhumanIntervalos de confianzadrug resistanceMutaciónAntiretroviral therapy; Drug resistance; Europe; HIV-1; Transmissionbusiness.industryHIVpredictionInhibidores de la transcriptasa inversaHIV Protease InhibitorsHuman immunodeficiency virus 1 infectiontenofovirINDIVIDUALSDrug Resistance Viral/geneticsBenzoxazinasETRAVIRINEdrug effects3121 General medicine internal medicine and other clinical medicinePrevalenciabusiness
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The effectiveness of peer-support for people living with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2021

Background The practice of involving people living with HIV in the development and provision of healthcare has gained increasing traction. Peer-support for people living with HIV is assistance and encouragement by an individual considered equal, in taking an active role in self-management of their chronic health condition. The objective of this systematic review was to assess the effects of peer-support for people living with HIV. Methods We conducted a systematic review in accordance with international guidelines. Following systematic searches of eight databases until May 2020, two reviewers performed independent screening of studies according to preset inclusion criteria. We conducted ri…

MaleRNA virusesEpidemiologyHIV InfectionsPeer supportPathology and Laboratory MedicineMathematical and Statistical TechniquesImmunodeficiency VirusesHealth careMedicine and Health SciencesPublic and Occupational HealthRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicMultidisciplinaryVDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Helsefag: 800::Samfunnsmedisin sosialmedisin: 801StatisticsQRHIV diagnosis and managementMetaanalysisResearch AssessmentVaccination and ImmunizationPeer reviewTreatment OutcomeAnti-Retroviral AgentsVDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Helsefag: 800Medical MicrobiologyMeta-analysisViral PathogensVirusesPhysical SciencesMedicineFemalePathogensResearch Articlemedicine.medical_specialtyDrug Research and DevelopmentSystematic ReviewsScienceImmunologyMEDLINEAntiretroviral TherapyResearch and Analysis MethodsMicrobiologyPeer GroupQuality of life (healthcare)Antiviral TherapyRetrovirusesMental Health and PsychiatrymedicineHumansClinical TrialsStatistical MethodsMicrobial PathogensPharmacologybusiness.industryLentivirusOrganismsSocial SupportBiology and Life SciencesHIVOdds ratioRandomized Controlled TrialsDiagnostic medicineFamily medicineRelative riskMedical Risk FactorsHIV-1Preventive MedicineClinical MedicineVDP::Medical disciplines: 700::Health sciences: 800::Community medicine Social medicine: 801businessMathematics
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Low bone mineral density in HIV-positive young Italians and migrants.

2020

Background Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected individuals may have osteoporosis. We aimed to evaluate the bone mineral density (BMD) in naïve antiretroviral (ARV) treated HIV positive patients comparing native Italian group (ItG) to a Migrants group (MiG) upon arrival in Italy. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study on 83 HIV patients less than 50 years old. We used the dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) within six months from the HIV diagnosis. Participants were categorized as having low BMD if the femoral neck or total lumbar spine Z-score was– 2 or less. Results MiG showed low BMD more often than ItG (37.5% vs.13.6%), especially for the female gender (16.7% vs. 0.0%). …

MaleRNA virusesEuropean PeopleCritical Care and Emergency MedicineBone densityEpidemiologyOsteoporosisHIV InfectionsLogistic regressionPathology and Laboratory Medicine0302 clinical medicineAbsorptiometry PhotonImmunodeficiency VirusesBone DensityMedicine and Health SciencesEthnicities030212 general & internal medicineVitamin DConnective Tissue DiseasesMusculoskeletal SystemTrauma MedicineBone mineralTransients and MigrantsMultidisciplinaryQRvirus diseasesHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV)HIV diagnosis and managementosteoporosis.Middle AgedItalian Peoplemedicine.anatomical_structureAnti-Retroviral AgentsItalyMedical MicrobiologyConnective TissueBone FractureViral PathogensVirusesMedicineInfectious diseasesFemalePathogensAnatomyTraumatic InjuryResearch ArticleAdultMedical conditionsmedicine.medical_specialtyScience030209 endocrinology & metabolismViral diseasesMicrobiology03 medical and health sciencesLumbarSex FactorsRheumatologyInternal medicineRetrovirusesmedicineVitamin D and neurologyHumansBoneMicrobial PathogensSkeletonFemoral neckbusiness.industryLentivirusOrganismsBiology and Life SciencesHIVBone fracturemedicine.diseaseDiagnostic medicineCD4 Lymphocyte CountCross-Sectional StudiesLogistic ModelsBiological TissueMedical Risk FactorsPeople and PlacesOsteoporosisPopulation GroupingsbusinessPloS one
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Increased liver stiffness is associated with mortality in HIV/HCV coinfected subjects: The French nationwide ANRS CO13 HEPAVIH cohort study

2019

Background The association between liver stiffness measurements (LSM) and mortality has not been fully described. In particular the effect of LSM on all-cause mortality taking sustained virological response (SVR) into account needs further study. Methods HIV/HCV participants in the French nation-wide, prospective, multicenter ANRS CO13 HEPAVIH cohort, with ≥1 LSM by FibroScan (FS) and a detectable HCV RNA when the first valid FS was performed were included. Cox proportional hazards models with delayed entry were performed to determine factors associated with all-cause mortality. LSM and SVR were considered as time dependent covariates. Results 1,062 patients were included from 2005 to 2015 …

MaleRNA virusesSustained Virologic ResponseMetabolic disordersSocial SciencesHIV InfectionsHepacivirusmedicine.disease_causeGastroenterology0302 clinical medicineImmunodeficiency VirusesRisk FactorsPsychologyAlcohol consumptionProspective Studies030212 general & internal medicineProspective cohort studyPathology and laboratory medicineMultidisciplinaryDeath ratesCoinfectionHepatitis C virusMortality rateQHazard ratioRvirus diseasesHepatitis CMiddle AgedMedical microbiologyAddicts3. Good healthLiverDrug usersVirusesCohortElasticity Imaging TechniquesMedicineFemale030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyFrancePathogensResearch ArticleCohort studyAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyScienceHepatitis C virusLiver fibrosisAddictionGastroenterology and HepatologyAntiviral AgentsMicrobiology03 medical and health sciencesPopulation MetricsInternal medicineRetrovirusesmedicineHumansMortalityLiver diseasesProportional Hazards ModelsNutritionMedicine and health sciencesBiology and life sciencesFlavivirusesPopulation Biologybusiness.industryProportional hazards modelLentivirusOrganismsViral pathogensHIVHepatitis C Chronicmedicine.diseaseHepatitis virusesMicrobial pathogensDiet[SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie[SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologiebusinessPLOS ONE
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Where are patients missed in the tuberculosis diagnostic cascade? A prospective cohort study in Ghana.

2020

BackgroundGhana's national prevalence survey showed higher than expected tuberculosis (TB) prevalence, indicating that many people with TB are not identified and treated. This study aimed to identify gaps in the TB diagnostic cascade prior to starting treatment.MethodsA prospective cohort study was conducted in urban and rural health facilities in south-east Ghana. Consecutive patients routinely identified as needing a TB test were followed up for two months to find out if sputum was submitted and/or treatment started. The causal effect of health facility location on submitting sputum was assessed before risk factors were investigated using logistic regression.ResultsA total of 428 persons …

MaleRural PopulationBacterial DiseasesRNA virusesResearch FacilitiesUrban PopulationPhysiologyHIV InfectionsPathology and Laboratory MedicineGhanaCohort StudiesGeographical Locations0302 clinical medicineImmunodeficiency VirusesHealth facilityHealth careOdds RatioMedicine and Health SciencesCoughingProspective Studies030212 general & internal medicineProspective cohort studyMultidisciplinaryRural healthQRMiddle AgedBody FluidsInfectious DiseasesMedical MicrobiologyResearch DesignViral PathogensVirusesTuberculosis Diagnosis and ManagementMedicineFemaleAnatomyPathogensmedicine.symptomResearch LaboratoriesResearch ArticleCohort studyAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyTuberculosisAdolescentScience030231 tropical medicineResearch and Analysis MethodsMicrobiologyYoung Adult03 medical and health sciencesSigns and SymptomsTuberculosis diagnosisDiagnostic MedicineRetrovirusesmedicineHumansTuberculosisMicrobial PathogensAgedbusiness.industryLentivirusSputumOrganismsBiology and Life SciencesHIVTropical Diseasesmedicine.diseaseMucusFamily medicinePeople and PlacesAfricaSputumHealth FacilitiesPhysiological ProcessesbusinessGovernment LaboratoriesPLoS ONE
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Single-tube nested quantitative PCR: a rational and sensitive technique for detection of retroviral DNA. Application to RERV-H/HRV-5 and confirmation…

2003

It was reported earlier that a few patients suffering from non-Hodgkin's lymphoma had low amounts of DNA from the so-called fifth human exogenous retrovirus, HRV-5. A sensitive and rational method for large-scale screening for HRV-5 DNA was therefore developed. It is a single-tube nested quantitative PCR (stnQPCR), which uses two functionally isolated primer pairs and one probe target distinct from related endogenous retroviral sequences, yet encompassing known HRV-5 variation, allowing optimal use of sequence conservation. DNA from lymphoma, myeloma, and follicular dendritic cell lines was tested for HRV-5 positivity, as was DNA from whole blood of blood donors, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and …

Mitochondrial DNAMolecular Sequence DataAntibodies ViralDNA MitochondrialPolymerase Chain ReactionCell LineArthritis RheumatoidRetrovirusProvirusesVirologymedicineAnimalsHumansLupus Erythematosus SystemicbiologyBase SequenceLymphoma Non-HodgkinEndogenous Retrovirusesmedicine.diseasebiology.organism_classificationVirologyLymphomaReal-time polymerase chain reactionRetroviridaeDNA ContaminationEvaluation Studies as TopicDNA Viralbiology.proteinLeukocytes MononuclearRabbitsAntibodyPrimer (molecular biology)Nested polymerase chain reactionJournal of virological methods
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(2'-5')Oligoadenylate and intracellular immunity against retrovirus infection.

1992

1. 1. The double-stranded RNA-dependent 2′,5′-oligoadenylate (2–5A) synthetase/ribonuclease L (RNase L) system plays an essential role in the establishment of the antiviral state of a cell exposed to virus infection. 2. 2. Until recently, the application of 2–5A derivatives to reinforce this system seemed to be limited mainly due to the low specificity of RNase L for viral RNA. 3. 3. Two new strategies have been developed which yield a selective antiviral effect of 2–5As at least against human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection: (i) an “intracellular immunization” appproach using 2-5A synthetase cDNA linked to HIV trans -acting response element (TAR) and (ii) inhibition of retrovira…

OligoribonucleotidesbiologyRNase P2'-5'-OligoadenylateAdenine NucleotidesHIVbiology.organism_classificationVirus ReplicationBiochemistryVirologyMolecular biologyAntiviral AgentsVirusRetrovirusBiochemistryImmunityComplementary DNAbiology.protein2'5'-Oligoadenylate SynthetaseReverse Transcriptase InhibitorsRibonuclease LIntracellularHIV Long Terminal RepeatRetroviridae InfectionsThe International journal of biochemistry
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The ultrastructure of multinucleate giant cells

2002

Abstract A survey of the available ultrastructural data on physiologically and pathologically occurring and virally-induced multinucleate giant cells (MNGCs) is presented. Emphasis is initially placed upon the bone osteoclast, the skeletal muscle myotube and the placental syncytiotrophoblast. The widespread occurence of MNGCs in a range of pathological situations is discussed, with emphasis upon the broad involvement of the macrophage in inflammatory responses. Many viruses produce cell fusion in vivo and in vitro when cell cultures are infected. Several examples are given. A clear distinction is drawn between viral fusion from “without” and viral fusion from “within” the cell. The cytopath…

PopulationsyncytiotrophoblastGeneral Physics and AstronomyEndogenous retrovirusBiologyArticleSyncytiotrophoblastMultinucleateStructural Biologyendogenous retrovirusmedicineGeneral Materials ScienceeducationsyncytiaCytopathic effectSyncytiumeducation.field_of_studyCell fusioncell fusionCell BiologyCell biologymedicine.anatomical_structureGiant cellMultinucleate giant cellImmunologyHIV-1Micron (Oxford, England : 1993)
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