Search results for "S1"
showing 10 items of 755 documents
Hormesis: Decoding Two Sides of the Same Coin
2015
In the paradigm of drug administration, determining the correct dosage of a therapeutic is often a challenge. Several drugs have been noted to demonstrate contradictory effects per se at high and low doses. This duality in function of a drug at different concentrations is known as hormesis. Therefore, it becomes necessary to study these biphasic functions in order to understand the mechanistic basis of their effects. In this article, we focus on different molecules and pathways associated with diseases that possess a duality in their function and thus prove to be the seat of hormesis. In particular, we have highlighted the pathways and factors involved in the progression of cancer and how t…
Inulin-Based Polymeric Micelles Functionalized with Ocular Permeation Enhancers: Improvement of Dexamethasone Permeation/Penetration through Bovine C…
2021
Ophthalmic drug delivery is still a challenge due to the protective barriers of the eye. A common strategy to promote drug absorption is the use of ocular permeation enhancers, while an innovative approach is the use of polymeric micelles. In the present work, the two mentioned approaches were coupled by conjugating ocular permeation enhancers (PEG2000, carnitine, creatine, taurine) to an inulin-based co-polymer (INU-EDA-RA) in order to obtain self-assembling biopolymers with permeation enhancer properties for the hydrophobic drug dexamethasone (DEX). Inulin derivatives were properly synthetized, were found to expose about 2% mol/mol of enhancer molecules in the side chain, and resulted abl…
Pharmacy Practice and Education in Latvia
2018
Pharmacies in Bulgaria have a monopoly on the dispensing of medicinal products that are authorized in the Republic of Bulgaria, as well as medical devices, food additives, cosmetics, and sanitary/hygienic articles. Aptekari (pharmacists) act as responsible pharmacists, pharmacy owners, and managers. They follow a five year Masters of Science in Pharmacy (M.Sc. Pharm.) degree course with a six month traineeship. Pomoshnik-farmacevti (assistant pharmacists) follow a three year degree with a six month traineeship. They can prepare medicines and dispense OTC medicines under the supervision of a pharmacist. The first and second year of the M.Sc. Pharm. degree are devoted to chemical sciences, ma…
INSTITUTIONAL PROBLEMS OF PIG CARCASS CLASSIFICATION SECTOR IN ROMANIA
2015
The paper deals with the institutional problems faced by animal carcass classifying operators while implementing the SEUROP classification system in Romania. The research was performed in March 2015 by means of in-depth interviews with different economical operators in the pig-carcass classification sector. The main findings that need solutions in the next future are the following: still poor understanding of the benefits of the carcass classification activity by some direct beneficiaries, the need for a consolidation in current regulation, the need for a methodological framework for the uniform application of the law and a few external factors that can not be controlled by carcasses classi…
PIG CARCASS CLASSIFICATION IN ROMANIA: A DISSECTION TRIAL FOR THE APPROVAL OF THE “FAT-O-MEAT’ER” AND OF THE “OPTIGRADE-PRO”EQUIPMENT
2014
The objective of this study was to obtain new regression formulas for optical equipment Fat-O-Meat’er and OptiGrade-PRO in pig carcass classification in Romania. The estimation of lean mean content in pig carcasses by means of SEUROP system and following fair payment based on the weight and composition of the carcass pigs in the main objective of classification. Dissection of four main cuts (shoulder, loin, ham, belly) of pig carcasses (n = 145) were performed. The measurement of backfat and muscle depths using probes were taken from the carcasses within 45 min. after slaughter of pigs. Lean meat content estimated using different methods and determined from dissections was equal (56,3 % ). …
Design of New Polyaspartamide Copolymers for siRNA Delivery in Antiasthmatic Therapy
2020
Here, a novel protonable copolymer was realized for the production of polyplexes with a siRNA (inhibitor of STAT6 expression in asthma), with the aim of a pulmonary administration. The polycation was synthesized by derivatization of &alpha
In Vitro Evaluation of Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) In Situ Forming Gels for Bedaquiline Fumarate Salt and Pharmacokinetics Following Subcutaneous Inje…
2021
This study evaluated in vitro and in vivo drug release of bedaquiline from in situ forming gels (ISGs) containing 200 mg eq./g bedaquiline fumarate salt prepared with four different grades of poly(d,l-lactide) (PDLLA) or poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) with a lactide/glycolide ratio of 50/50 or 75/25 and acid (A) or ester (E) end-capping in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone at a polymer/solvent ratio of 20/80% (w/w). Mean in vitro drug release in 0.05 M phosphate buffer pH 7.4 with 1% (w/v) sodium lauryl sulphate was 37.3, 47.1, 53.3, and 62.3% within 28 days for ISGs containing PLGA5050A, PDLLA, PLGA7525A, and PLGA7525E, respectively. The data suggested that drug release was primarily controlle…
Cilvēka nātrija tauroholāta ko-transportējoša polipeptīda klonēšana un ekspresija zīdītāju šūnās
2015
Neskatoties uz to, ka ir izstrādāta droša un efektīva hepatīta B vakcīna, kā arī vesela rinda pret hepatīta B vīrusu (HBV) vērstu ķīmisku līdzekļu, pasaulē ir >350 miljonu hronisko HBV nēsātāju, no kuriem 1 miljons mirst katru gadu. Galvenais jaunu terapijas veidu izstrādāšanas kavēklis ir efektīvas HBV infekciju un replikāciju nodrošinošas in vitro modeļsistēmas trūkums. Pateicoties revolucionāram atklājumam par NTCP (sodium taurocholate cotransporting peptide) lomu HBV infekcijas procesā pašlaik tiek aktīvi izstrādātās jaunās HBV in vitro infekcijas modeļsistēmas. Mūsu darbā NTCP receptoru ekspresējošo šūnu iegūšanai tika izmantota efektīva Semliki Meža vīrusa (SFV) replikona ekspresijas …
Closed tank pneumatic press application to improve Sauvignon Blanc wine quality and nutraceutical properties
2019
The machines used in the winemaking process directly affect the quality of wine and its nutraceutical properties. Grapes-pressing is a very important step in winemaking as it may promote the presence and/or absence of enzymatic processes on the must, leading to the creation of different products in terms of chemical composition, starting from the same grapes. The aim of the study was to compare two different pressing systems of Sauvignon Blanc grapes using an innovative pneumatic discontinuous closed tank press in two operating modes: the traditional pressing mode in presence of oxygen and the inert pressing mode, performed through grapes pressing under inert gas with nitrogen recovery. Che…
Social Science Research in Southeast Asia : the Challenges of Studying Parliamentary Institutions
2019
This paper introduces the challenges of studying parliamentary institutions in Southeast Asia. My focus of research is in three countries’ institutions: national parliaments of Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore. While in Southeast Asia, it is widely known that studying issues of politics and institutions face challenges – compared to studying culture, for example, this view is arguably no longer valid, however with certainqualification.The comparison of parliamentary tradition between three countries – based on observation of the plenary session - reveals that the effectiveness of parliamentary works is related to parliamentary procedure, and even to the culture of work in the countries. Pa…