Search results for "SIZE"

showing 10 items of 2718 documents

Deciphering the role of insertion sequences in the evolution of bacterial epidemic pathogens with panISa software

2020

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) is now widely used in microbiology to explore genome evolution and the structure of pathogen outbreaks. Bioinformatics pipelines readily detect single-nucleotide polymorphisms or short indels. However, bacterial genomes also evolve through the action of small transposable elements called insertion sequences (ISs), which are difficult to detect due to their short length and multiple repetitions throughout the genome. We designed panISa software for the ab initio detection of IS insertions in the genomes of prokaryotes. PanISa has been released as open source software (GPL3) available from https://github.com/bvalot/panISa. In this study, we assessed the utilit…

Whole genome sequencinginsertion sequence0303 health sciencesGenome evolutionPhylogenetic treeoutbreak030306 microbiologyGeneral MedicineBacterial genome sizeComputational biologyBiologybacterial evolutionGenomePathogenicity island03 medical and health sciences[SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitologywhole-genome sequencing[SDE]Environmental SciencesInsertion sequenceIndelComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS030304 developmental biology
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Man's strategy in domestication - a synthesis of new research trends.

1976

The minimum brain size possible in the relevant wild species and certain colour types which, because of alterations in the neurotransmitter system caused by the respective colour genes, are related to behavioural traits diverging from the wild animal's norm appear to be first-rate bases for domestication either separately or in combination.

Wild speciesLitter SizeZoologyBiologyCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceDogsPregnancyAnimalsAnimal HusbandryDomesticationMolecular BiologyGeneArtiodactylaPharmacologyBehavior AnimalBody WeightBrainCell BiologyOrgan SizeBiological EvolutionRatsAnimals DomesticBrain sizeCatsMolecular MedicineFemaleExperientia
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The cost advantage of Sicilian wine farms

2013

This study presents the results of research carried out on a Sicilian wine farm in order to demonstrat e the economic convenience of the mechanized harvest. After the determination of the minimum optimal farm size that justifies the introduction of grape harve ster in the farm, it has been estimated production cost and the relative profitability of two wine grape cultiv ars (Chardonnay and Nero d’Avola), comparing three hypotheses of harvest: manual, with farm property g rape harvester and with rented grape harvester. The economic analysis shows that the introduction of th e grape harvester in the wine farm is justified in large sized farms. However, even in small farms the use o f rented g…

WineAgricultural scienceMultidisciplinaryMinimum Optimal Farm Size Production Cost ProfitabilityEconomyProduction costSettore AGR/01 - Economia Ed Estimo RuraleEconomicsEconomic analysisProfitability indexWine grapeProfit (economics)
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Polyphenoloxidase from Riesling and Dornfelder wine grapes (Vitis vinifera) is a tyrosinase.

2015

Abstract Polyphenoloxidases (PPO) of the type-3 copper protein family are considered to be catecholoxidases catalyzing the oxidation of o-diphenols to their corresponding quinones. PPO from Grenache grapes has recently been reported to display only diphenolase activity. In contrast, we have characterized PPOs from Dornfelder and Riesling grapes which display both monophenolase and diphenolase activity. Ultracentrifugation and size exclusion chromatography indicated that both PPOs occur as monomers with Mr of about 38 kDa. Non-reducing SDS–PAGE shows two bands of about 38 kDa exhibiting strong activity. Remarkably, three bands up to 60 kDa displayed only very weak PPO activity, supporting th…

WinebiologyCopper proteinChemistryStereochemistryTyrosinaseSize-exclusion chromatographyActive siteWineGeneral MedicineCatalysisAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundMonomerBiochemistryLc ms msbiology.proteinVitisVitis viniferaOxidation-ReductionCatechol OxidaseCopperFood ScienceFood chemistry
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Overdispersion tests in count-data analysis.

2008

Count data are commonly assumed to have a Poisson distribution, especially when there is no diagnostic procedure for checking this assumption. However, count data rarely fit the restrictive assumptions of the Poisson distribution. The violation of much of such assumptions commonly results in overdispersion, which invalidates the Poisson distribution. Undetected overdispersion may entail important misleading inferences, so its detection is essential. In this study, different overdispersion diagnostic tests are evaluated through two simulation studies. In Exp. 1, the nominal error rate is compared under different sample sizes and Λ conditions. Analysis shows a remarkable performance of the χ…

Word error rateDiagnostic testModels PsychologicalPoisson distributionStatistical powersymbols.namesakeQuasi-likelihoodOverdispersionSample size determinationStatisticssymbolsHumansPsychologyPsychologyGeneral PsychologyCount dataPsychological reports
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Applications of mathematical modelling to the simulation of binary perfusion chromatography

1993

Abstract A mathematical model of binary (competitive adsorption involving two components) perfusion chromatography is used to simulate and study the behavior of a binary adsorption system. The dynamic behavior of column systems (frontal analysis) is examined for different particles sizes, column fluid superficial velocities, Vf, and intraparticle fluid velocities, νp. Column systems with perfusive (νp > 0) and purely diffusive (νp = 0) adsorbent particles are studied. The results obtained from the binary system studied in this work suggest that the times at which breakthrough begins for components 1 and 2, and the dynamic (unsteady state) relative separation between components 1 and 2 obtai…

Work (thermodynamics)ChromatographySuperficial velocityCompetitive adsorptionChemistryOrganic ChemistryBinary numberGeneral MedicineBiochemistryAnalytical ChemistryAdsorptionFluid dynamicsParticle sizeBinary systemJournal of Chromatography A
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One- and Two-Dimensional Diffusion of Metal Atoms in Graphene

2008

In the present work, individual Au or Pt atoms in layersconsisting of one or twographene planes have been monitoredin real time at high temperature by high-resolution TEM. Weobtain information about the location of metal atoms ingrapheneandthediffusionmechanisms.Activationenergiesfordiffusion are obtained in a temperature range close to thetemperature of the technically important metal-assisted CVDprocess.Thematerialwassynthesizedinanarcdischarge

Work (thermodynamics)Materials scienceMacromolecular SubstancesSurface PropertiesDiffusionMolecular Conformationchemistry.chemical_elementMolecular physicslaw.inventionDiffusionBiomaterialsMetallawMaterials TestingNanotechnologyGeneral Materials ScienceParticle SizePlatinumNanotubes CarbonGrapheneCarbon chemistryGeneral ChemistryAtmospheric temperature rangechemistryvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumGraphiteGoldParticle sizeAtomic physicsCrystallizationCarbonBiotechnologySmall
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Size control of InAs∕InP(001) quantum wires by tailoring P∕As exchange

2004

The size and emission wavelength of self-assembled InAs∕InP(001) quantum wires (QWrs) is affected by the P∕As exchange process. In this work, we demonstrate by in situ stress measurements that P∕As exchange at the InAs∕InP interface depends on the surface reconstruction of the InAs starting surface and its immediate evolution when the arsenic cell is closed. Accordingly, the amount of InP grown on InAs by P∕As exchange increases with substrate temperature in a steplike way. These results allow us to engineer the size of the QWr for emission at 1.3 and 1.55 μm at room temperature by selecting the range of substrate temperatures in which the InP cap layer is grown.

Work (thermodynamics)Materials scienceOptical fiberPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Substrate (electronics)Optoelectronic deviceslaw.inventionEmissionOptical fibreslawIndium compoundsArsenic compoundsSize effectPhosphorus compoundsRange (particle radiation)business.industrySelf-assemblyWavelengthSemiconductor quantum wiresOptoelectronicsSelf-assemblybusinessSurface reconstructionLayer (electronics)Surface reconstruction
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On the measurement of local gas hold-up, interfacial area and bubble size distribution in gas–liquid contactors via light sheet and image analysis: I…

2013

Abstract In this work a novel experimental technique for measuring local gas hold-up, interfacial area and bubble size distribution, in gas–liquid systems is proposed. The technique is based on advanced Image Processing coupled with experimental set-ups typically available for Particle Image Velocimetry. A fluorescent dye dissolved in the liquid phase allows to identify in-plane bubbles among all visible bubbles in the images. To this end, a suitable algorithm is proposed. The raw data so obtained are processed by previously developed statistical methods that result in a reliable reconstruction of actual dispersion properties. The technique is applied to the case of a gas-dispersed mechanic…

Work (thermodynamics)Materials scienceSettore ING-IND/25 - Impianti ChimiciGeneral Chemical EngineeringBubbleMixing (process engineering)Image processingIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringImagingPhysics::Fluid DynamicsOpticsGas-liquid dispersionContactorBubblebusiness.industryBUBBLESApplied MathematicsMIXINGMultiphase flowBUBBLE SIZE DISTRIBUTIONGeneral ChemistryMechanicsGas–liquid dispersionParticle image velocimetryMultiphase flowDispersion (chemistry)business
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Crystalline-Size Dependence of Dual Emission Peak on Hybrid Organic Lead-Iodide Perovskite Films at Low Temperatures

2018

In this work, we have investigated the crystalline-size dependence of optical absorption and photoluminescence emission of CH3NH3PbI3 films, which is necessary to identify the potential practical applications of the gadgets based on perovskite films. This study was carried out at low temperatures to minimize the extra complexity induced by thermal effects. The purpose was to clarify the origin of the dual emission peak previously reported in the literature. We found that the grain size is responsible for the appearance or disappearance of this dual emission on CH3NH3PbI3 at low temperatures, whereas we have inferred that the thickness of the perovskite layer is a much more important factor …

Work (thermodynamics)PhotoluminescenceMaterials scienceexcitonsBand gapparticle beamsExcitonIodideBinding energyAnalytical chemistry02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesiodine compoundsCondensed Matter::Materials Sciencegrain size and shapePhysical and Theoretical Chemistrytemperature dependenceAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)perovskitesemiconductor quantum wellsPerovskite (structure)chemistry.chemical_classificationFísicabinding energy021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologycrystalline materials0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialsenergy gapGeneral Energychemistrylayered semiconductorssolar cellslight absorptionphotoluminescence0210 nano-technologyThe Journal of Physical Chemistry C
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