Search results for "Sentence"

Square of Opposition Under Coherence

2016

Various semantics for studying the square of opposition have been proposed recently. So far, only (Gilio et al., 2016) studied a probabilistic version of the square where the sentences were interpreted by (negated) defaults. We extend this work by interpreting sentences by imprecise (set-valued) probability assessments on a sequence of conditional events. We introduce the acceptability of a sentence within coherence-based probability theory. We analyze the relations of the square in terms of acceptability and show how to construct probabilistic versions of the square of opposition by forming suitable tripartitions. Finally, as an application, we present a new square involving generalized qu…

An In-Depth Experimental Comparison of RNTNs and CNNs for Sentence Modeling

2017

The goal of modeling sentences is to accurately represent their meaning for different tasks. A variety of deep learning architectures have been proposed to model sentences, however, little is known about their comparative performance on a common ground, across a variety of datasets, and on the same level of optimization. In this paper, we provide such a novel comparison for two popular architectures, Recursive Neural Tensor Networks (RNTNs) and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). Although RNTNs have been shown to work well in many cases, they require intensive manual labeling due to the vanishing gradient problem. To enable an extensive comparison of the two architectures, this paper empl…

On the rhythm of head movements in Finnish and Swedish Sign Language sentences

2016

This paper investigates, with the help of computer-vision technology, the similarities and differences in the rhythm of the movements of the head in sentences in Finnish (FinSL) and Swedish Sign Language (SSL). The results show that the movement of the head in the two languages is often very similar: in both languages, the instances when the movement of the head changes direction were distributed similarly with regard to clause-boundaries, and the contours of the roll (tilting-like) motion of the head during the sentences were similar. Concerning differences, direction changes were found to be used more effectively in the marking of clause-boundaries in FinSL, and in SSL the head moved near…

From sentence production to text production: Investigating fundamental processes

1991

The purpose of the present article is to present a nom exhaustive review about the cognitive psychology research in english and in french language, dealing with the study of the organization and the functioning of the oral and written language production mechanisms.

Modulation in alpha band activity reflects syntax composition: an MEG study of minimal syntactic binding

2021

Successful sentence comprehension requires the binding, or composition, of multiple words into larger structures to establish meaning. Using magnetoencephalography (MEG), we investigated the neural mechanisms involved in binding of language at the level of syntax, in a task in which contributions from semantics were minimized. Participants were auditorily presented with minimal sentences that required binding (pronoun and pseudo-verb with the corresponding morphological inflection; "she grushes") and wordlists that did not require binding (two pseudo-verbs; "cugged grushes"). Relative to the no binding wordlist condition, we found that syntactic binding in a minimal sentence structure was a…

A Logic of Discovery

1998

A logic of discovery is introduced. In this logic, true sentences are discovered over time based on arriving data. A notion of expectation is introduced to reflect the growing certainty that a universally quantified sentence is true as more true instances are observed. The logic is shown to be consistent and complete. Monadic predicates are considered as a special case

Prosodic Phrasing and Transitivity in Head-Final Sentence Comprehension – ERP Evidence from German Ambiguous DPs

2010

In this article, we present an ERP study investigating the neurophysiological correlates of the interplay between prosodic phrasing and case information in head-final sentence processing. We examine German DP1-DP2-V constructions, in which the second DP can either be interpreted as a possessive modifier of the first DP (one-participant reading), or as a verbal argument (two-participant reading). An N400 on the determiner of the second DP is observed when either case information or prosodic phrasing biased toward the establishment of a two-participant reading, thus reflecting local processing costs associated with the introduction of a transitive event. By contrast, when the DPs are integrat…

The Slingshot Argument. Troubles for the Correspondence Theory of Truth

2010

The language-(in)dependence of writing skills: translation as a tool in writing process research and writing instruction

2014

A pilot study was conducted in which 6 students with L1 German had to produce a German version of a text they had composed in their L2 English. The goals were to explore (a) in what respects the ability of advanced university English students to express themselves in their L2 English differs from their ability to do so in their L1 German, and (b) for which aspects of writing the implementation of translation exercises is useful as a tool to improve writing skills. The methods of data collection used were think-aloud and keystroke logging. In the analysis, special emphasis was placed on text-level errors as opposed to formal, lexical and grammatical errors. In their L1 versions, students wer…

Did the three little pigs frighten the wolf? How deaf readers use lexical and syntactic cues to comprehend sentences

2020

Abstract Background The ways in which students with deafness process syntactic and semantic cues while reading sentences are unclear. While some studies have supported the preference for semantic cues, others have not. Aim To examine differences in the processing of syntactic versus semantic cues during sentence reading among students who are deaf or hard of hearing (DHH). Method Twenty DHH students (mean age = 12.48 years) and 20 chronologically age-matched students with typical hearing (TH) were asked to read sentences written in Spanish with different grammatical structures and to choose the picture that best matched the sentences’ meaning while their eye movements were being registered.…