Search results for "Simulations"

showing 10 items of 288 documents

The Cryogenic AntiCoincidence detector for ATHENA: the progress towards the final pixel design

2014

“The Hot and Energetic Universe” is the scientific theme approved by the ESA SPC for a Large mission to be flown in the next ESA slot (2028th) timeframe. ATHENA is a space mission proposal tailored on this scientific theme. It will be the first X-ray mission able to perform the so-called “Integral field spectroscopy”, by coupling a high-resolution spectrometer, the X-ray Integral Field Unit (X-IFU), to a high performance optics so providing detailed images of its field of view (5’ in diameter) with an angular resolution of 5” and fine energy-spectra (2.5eV@E<7keV). The X-IFU is a kilo-pixel array based on TES (Transition Edge Sensor) microcalorimeters providing high resolution spectroscopy …

SimulationsSiliconWarm–hot intergalactic mediumField of viewOrbital mechanicsOpticsField spectroscopyGalactic astronomyX-raysElectronicAngular resolutionOptical and Magnetic MaterialsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringAnticoincidenceImage resolutionSpectroscopyPhysicsSpatial resolutionEquipment and servicesSpectrometerSpectrometersbusiness.industrySensorsApplied MathematicsDetectorComputer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionCondensed Matter PhysicsATHENAAnticoincidence; ATHENA; Cryogenic detectors; TES; Electronic Optical and Magnetic Materials; Condensed Matter Physics; Computer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition; Applied Mathematics; Electrical and Electronic EngineeringCryogenic detectorsTransition edge sensorbusinessTES
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Structure, stability, and fragmentation of sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate negatively charged aggregates in vacuo by MD simulations.

2014

Negatively charged supramolecular aggregates formed in vacuo by n bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate (AOT(-)) anions and n + n(c) sodium counterions (i.e., [AOT(n) Na(n+nc)](nc)) have been investigated by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations for n = 1 to 20 and n(c) = -1 to -5. By comparing the maximum excess charge values of negatively and positively charged AOTNa aggregates, it is found that the charge storage capability is higher for the latter systems, the difference decreasing as the aggregation number increases. Statistical analysis of physical properties like gyration radii and moment of inertia tensors of aggregates provides detailed information on their structural properties. Even for …

SodiumSupramolecular chemistryMolecular Conformationchemistry.chemical_elementFragmentation patternsMolecular Dynamics SimulationAOTNa Self-assembling Charged reverse micelles Molecular dynamics simulation (MD) Supramolecular aggregates in vacuo Fragmentation patternsMicelleMolecular dynamicsSurface-Active AgentsPulmonary surfactantStructural BiologyAotNa; self-assembling; charged revrse micelle; Molecular Dynamics simulations; Supramolecular aggregates in vacuo; Fragmentation patternsSpectroscopyAlkylMicellesSettore CHIM/02 - Chimica Fisicachemistry.chemical_classificationIonsDioctyl Sulfosuccinic AcidAggregation numberAotNacharged revrse micelleself-assemblingSupramolecular aggregates in vacuoCrystallographychemistryThermodynamicsMolecular Dynamics simulationsCounterionJournal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
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Advanced functionality for radio analysis in the Offline software framework of the Pierre Auger Observatory

2011

The advent of the Auger Engineering Radio Array (AERA) necessitates the development of a powerful framework for the analysis of radio measurements of cosmic ray air showers. As AERA performs ‘‘radio- hybrid’’ measurements of air shower radio emission in coincidence with the surface particle detectors and fluorescence telescopes of the Pierre Auger Observatory, the radio analysis functionality had to be incorporated in the existing hybrid analysis solutions for fluorescence and surface detector data. This goal has been achieved in a natural way by extending the existing Auger Offline software framework with radio functionality. In this article, we lay out the design, highlights and features …

Source codeAstronomycomputer.software_genre01 natural sciencesObservatoryAuger experimentRadio detectionSOFTWARES (ANÁLISE)Instrumentationcosmic rays; radio detection; analysis software; detector simulationmedia_commonPhysicsPhysicsDetectoranalysis softwareAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSINGFísica nuclearAstrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsComputer hardwareNuclear and High Energy Physics[PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]media_common.quotation_subjectAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesAnalysis softwareDetector simulationCosmic rayAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsCosmic Rayradio detectionNuclear physicscosmic raysRAY AIR-SHOWERS0103 physical sciencesDETECTORSInstrumentation (computer programming)010306 general physicsInstrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)Cosmic raysCiencias ExactasNuclear and High Energy PhysicPierre Auger Observatory010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industrydetector simulationFísicaCosmic ray[SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]Software frameworkAir showerExperimental High Energy PhysicsEMISSIONbusinesscomputerMONTE-CARLO SIMULATIONS
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Bill2d - a software package for classical two-dimensional Hamiltonian systems

2015

Abstract We present Bill2d , a modern and efficient C++ package for classical simulations of two-dimensional Hamiltonian systems. Bill2d can be used for various billiard and diffusion problems with one or more charged particles with interactions, different external potentials, an external magnetic field, periodic and open boundaries, etc. The software package can also calculate many key quantities in complex systems such as Poincare sections, survival probabilities, and diffusion coefficients. While aiming at a large class of applicable systems, the code also strives for ease-of-use, efficiency, and modularity for the implementation of additional features. The package comes along with a use…

Source codeTheoretical computer scienceComputer sciencechaosmedia_common.quotation_subjectclassical mechanicsFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and Astronomy01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasHamiltonian systemComputational sciencenumerical simulationsnonlinear dynamicsREADME0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsmedia_commonta114Application programming interfacebusiness.industrydiffusionByteComputational Physics (physics.comp-ph)Modular designmolecular dynamicsIdentifierHardware and ArchitecturetransportbilliardsbusinessPhysics - Computational PhysicsTest data
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Interaction in Spoken Word Recognition Models: Feedback Helps

2018

Human perception, cognition, and action requires fast integration of bottom-up signals with top-down knowledge and context. A key theoretical perspective in cognitive science is the interactive activation hypothesis: forward and backward flow in bidirectionally connected neural networks allows humans and other biological systems to approximate optimal integration of bottom-up and top-down information under real-world constraints. An alternative view is that online feedback is neither necessary nor helpful; purely feed forward alternatives can be constructed for any feedback system, and online feedback could not improve processing and would preclude veridical perception. In the domain of spo…

Speech perceptionmedia_common.quotation_subjectSpeech recognitionlcsh:BF1-990Context (language use)speech perception050105 experimental psychologyPsycholinguistics03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePerceptionspoken word recognition0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesGeneral PsychologypsycholinguisticsBayesian modelsmedia_commonTRACE (psycholinguistics)Computational modelArtificial neural network05 social sciencesFeed forwardlcsh:PsychologySspoken word recognitioncomputational modelssimulationsPsychology030217 neurology & neurosurgeryFrontiers in Psychology
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A Stochastic Approach to Quantum Statistics Distributions: Theoretical Derivation and Monte Carlo Modelling

2009

Abstract. We present a method aimed at a stochastic derivation of the equilibrium distribution of a classical/quantum ideal gas in the framework of the canonical ensemble. The time evolution of these ideal systems is modelled as a series of transitions from one system microstate to another one and thermal equilibrium is reached via a random walk in the single-particle state space. We look at this dynamic process as a Markov chain satisfying the condition of detailed balance and propose a variant of the Monte Carlo Metropolis algorithm able to take into account indistinguishability of identical quantum particles. Simulations performed on different two-dimensional (2D) systems are revealed to…

Statistics and ProbabilityCanonical ensemblePhysicsclassical Monte Carlo simulations quantum Monte Carlo simulations stochastic particle dynamics (theory)Monte Carlo methodStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsMarkov chain Monte CarloIdeal gasMicrostate (statistical mechanics)symbols.namesakeThermodynamic limitDynamic Monte Carlo methodsymbolsStatistical physicsStatistics Probability and UncertaintyQuantum statistical mechanics
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CGCG 480-022: A Distant Lonesome Merger?

2006

[EN]We present a complete analysis, which includes morphology, kinematics, stellar populations, and N-body simulations, of CGCG 480-022, the most distant (cz = 14,317 km s-1) isolated galaxy studied so far in such detail. The results all support the hypothesis that this galaxy has suffered a major merger event with a companion of ~0.1 times its mass. Morphology reveals the presence of a circumnuclear ring and possibly further ring debris. The radial velocity curve looks symmetrical, while the velocity dispersion increases with radius, reaching values that do not correspond to a virialized system. Moreover, this galaxy deviates significantly from the fundamental plane and the Faber-Jackson r…

Stellar populationFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstrophysicsKinematicsAstrophysicsabundances [galaxies]kinematics and dynamics [galaxies]galaxies: interactionsgalaxies: kinematics and dynamicsAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsPhysicsgalaxies: individual (CGCG 480 022)interactions [galaxies]Instituto de Ciencias del PatrimonioStar formationAstrophysics (astro-ph)Velocity dispersionAstronomy and Astrophysicsindividual (CGCG 480 022) [galaxies]GalaxyInstitute of Heritage SciencesRadial velocitySpace and Planetary ScienceIncipitstructure [galaxies]galaxies: structuregalaxies: abundancesAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsFundamental plane (elliptical galaxies)n-body simulations [methods]methods: n-body simulationsThe Astrophysical Journal
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Guiding Student Thinking Through Teacher Questioning When Learning with Dynamic Representations

2021

Dynamic representations (e.g., dynamic geometry software GeoGebra for mathematics learning and PhET simulations for science learning) offer excellent opportunities for students to conduct investigations and to formulate explanations for the visualized phenomena. In order for this to be effective, students need guidance, for example, for planning their investigations and reflecting on their actions. One way to support students is by prompting them by using questions that are adapted to the students’ current situation. This chapter focuses on how pre-service teachers provide guidance for students through questioning and by both structuring and problematizing student learning. Data comes from …

Structure (mathematical logic)matematiikkavisualisointiluonnontieteetInterpretation (philosophy)inquiry-based learningSTEM educationSubject (philosophy)StructuringSchool teachersteacher guidancetietokoneavusteinen oppiminenComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATIONMathematics educationsimulointiInquiry-based learningsimulationstutkiva oppiminenStudent learningScience learningopettajankoulutuspre-service teachers
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Dynamic daylight simulations: Impact of weather file’s choice

2015

Abstract This paper is the second step of a research project aimed at investigating the impact of the use of different weather data files on daylight simulations’ results. Simulations were carried out for a simple standalone office using three weather files (IWEC, Meteonorm and Satel-Light) for two European locations (Copenhagen and Rome); moreover the office’s exposure was changed according to the four main orientations (North, East, South and West). Results were analyzed both in terms of Annual and Monthly Light Exposures, dynamic daylight performance metrics (DA, DAcon, UDI) and sunlight’s incidence. It was demonstrated that differences between the results obtained with the different wea…

SunlightSettore ING-IND/11 - Fisica Tecnica AmbientaleMeteorologyDynamic daylight simulationRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentDynamic daylight performance metricIndoor environment qualityDynamic daylight performance metricsWeather data fileMaximum differenceWeather dataEnvironmental scienceGeneral Materials ScienceDaylightMaterials Science (all)Dynamic daylight simulationsSolar Energy
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Island Diffusion on Metal fcc (100) Surfaces

1999

We present Monte Carlo simulations for the size and temperature dependence of the diffusion coefficient of adatom islands on the Cu(100) surface. We show that the scaling exponent for the size dependence is not a constant but a decreasing function of the island size and approaches unity for very large islands. This is due to a crossover from periphery dominated mass transport to a regime where vacancies diffuse inside the island. The effective scaling exponents are in good agreement with theory and experiments.

Surface (mathematics)Condensed Matter - Materials ScienceMaterials scienceCondensed matter physicsPhysicsCrossoverMonte Carlo methodMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and Astronomyfcc(100) surfaceFunction (mathematics)Monte Carlo simulationsadatomAlisland diffusionExponentDiffusion (business)Constant (mathematics)ScalingCuPhysical Review Letters
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