Search results for "Smut"
showing 10 items of 493 documents
Resuscitation with room air instead of 100% oxygen prevents oxidative stress in moderately asphyxiated term neonates.
2001
Background. Traditionally, asphyxiated newborn infants have been ventilated using 100% oxygen. However, a recent multinational trial has shown that the use of room air was just as efficient as pure oxygen in securing the survival of severely asphyxiated newborn infants. Oxidative stress markers in moderately asphyxiated term newborn infants resuscitated with either 100% oxygen or room air have been studied for the first time in this work. Methods. Eligible term neonates with perinatal asphyxia were randomly resuscitated with either room air or 100% oxygen. The clinical parameters recorded were those of the Apgar score at 1, 5, and 10 minutes, the time of onset of the first cry, and the tim…
Oxidative stress in asphyxiated term infants resuscitated with 100% oxygen
2003
Although room air is adequate for resuscitating asphyxiated newborn infants, guidelines recommend using 100% oxygen. Hyperoxemia, as has been noted in animal studies, could cause delayed breathing, increased oxygen consumption, and disordered cerebral circulation. In addition, 100% oxygen has caused prolonged oxidation of blood glutathione in neonates. In this study, 51 asphyxiated neonates born at term were randomly assigned to resuscitation with room air (RAR) and 55 to resuscitation with 100% oxygen (OxR). The goal was to learn whether using oxygen for resuscitation triggers oxidative stress. Critical criteria were the Apgar score, the time of the first cry, and sustained respiration. Si…
A new vicious cycle involving glutamate excitotoxicity, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dynamics
2011
Glutamate excitotoxicity leads to fragmented mitochondria in neurodegenerative diseases, mediated by nitric oxide and S-nitrosylation of dynamin-related protein 1, a mitochondrial outer membrane fission protein. Optic atrophy gene 1 (OPA1) is an inner membrane protein important for mitochondrial fusion. Autosomal dominant optic atrophy (ADOA), caused by mutations in OPA1, is a neurodegenerative disease affecting mainly retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). Here, we showed that OPA1 deficiency in an ADOA model influences N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor expression, which is involved in glutamate excitotoxicity and oxidative stress. Opa1enu/+mice show a slow progressive loss of RGCs, activation …
Altered antioxidant-oxidant status in the aqueous humor and peripheral blood of patients with retinitis pigmentosa.
2013
Retinitis Pigmentosa is a common form of hereditary retinal degeneration constituting the largest Mendelian genetic cause of blindness in the developed world. It has been widely suggested that oxidative stress possibly contributes to its pathogenesis. We measured the levels of total antioxidant capacity, free nitrotyrosine, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) formation, extracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD3) activity, protein, metabolites of the nitric oxide/cyclic GMP pathway, heme oxygenase-I and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in aqueous humor or/and peripheral blood from fifty-six patients with retinitis pigmentosa and sixty subjects without systemic or ocular …
Study of enzymatic activity in human neuroblastoma cells SH-SY5Y exposed to zearalenone's derivates and beauvericin.
2021
Abstract Beauvericin (BEA), α-zearalenol (α-ZEL) and β-zearalenol (β-ZEL), are produced by several Fusarium species that contaminate cereal grains. These mycotoxins can cause cytotoxicity and neurotoxicity in various cell lines and they are also capable of produce oxidative stress at molecular level. However, mammalian cells are equipped with a protective endogenous antioxidant system formed by no-enzymatic antioxidant and enzymatic protective systems such as glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). The aim of this study was evaluating the effects of α-ZEL, β-ZEL and BEA, on enzymatic GPx, GST, CAT and SOD activity in huma…
Expression of the ALS-causing variant hSOD1G93A leads to an impaired integrity and altered regulation of claudin-5 expression in an in vitro blood–sp…
2015
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive paralysis due to the loss of primary and secondary motor neurons. Mutations in the Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1) gene are associated with familial ALS and to date numerous hypotheses for ALS pathology exist including impairment of the blood–spinal cord barrier. In transgenic mice carrying mutated SOD1 genes, a disrupted blood–spinal cord barrier as well as decreased levels of tight junction (TJ) proteins ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-5 were detected. Here, we examined TJ protein levels and barrier function of primary blood–spinal cord barrier endothelial cells of presymptomatic hSOD1G93…
Red wine extract prevents neuronal apoptosis in vitro and reduces mortality of transgenic mice.
2007
In this work, we have investigated the effects of nutritional antioxidants as antidegenerative agents on glutamate-induced apoptosis in primary cultures of cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs). Glutamate-induced apoptosis is also associated with intracellular [Ca(2+)]i overload, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), depression of cell energy metabolism, cytochrome c release, and increase in caspase-3 activity. Pretreatment (3 h) with red wine extract (5 microg/mL) and ascorbic acid (30 microM) blocks glutamate-induced apoptosis in CGNs. In vivo experiments carried out on transgenic mice expressing the human mutated Cu, Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) G93A (mSOD1(G93A)) show that mice fed…
Daudzkomponentu, pseido-bināro BixTeySez, nanostrukturēto termoelektrisko materiālu sintēze
2016
Daudzkomponentu, pseido-bināro BixTeySez, nanostrukturēto termoelektrisko materiālu sintēze. Bicons R., zinātniskie vadītāji, asoc. prof. Dr. chem. Erts D., vadošā pētniece Dr. phys. Andžāne J. Bakalaura darbs, 35 lappuses, 25 attēli, 5 tabulas, 22 literatūras avoti, 2 pielikumi. Latviešu valodā. Darbā ir apkopota literatūra par bismuta selenīdu, to un daudzkomponentu, pseido-bināro BixTeySez savienojumu sintēzes metodēm. Stehiometriska bismuta selenīda un daudzkomponentu, pseido-bināro savienojumu sintēze tika balstīta uz Latvias Universitātes Ķīmiskās fizikas institūtā izstrādātas Bi2(Se, Te)3 nanostruktūru bezkatalizatora fizikālo tvaiku nogulsnēšanas sintēzes metodes. Optimizējot šo met…
Oxidative Status of Goats with Different CSN1S1 Genotypes Fed ad Libitum with Fresh and Dry Forages
2020
Forty late-lactation Girgentana goats were used to study the effect of diets fed ad libitum and &alpha
Effect of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) on stress response in the Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus Galloprovincialis): Regulatory volumedecrease (Rvd) an…
2014
In this study the effects of an anionic surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), are assessed on the Mediterranean mussel (. Mytilus galloprovincialis), exposed for 18 days at a concentration ranging from 0.1. mg/l to 1. mg/l. The effects are monitored using biomarkers related to stress response, such as regulatory volume decrease (RVD), and to oxidative stress, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), endogenous antioxidant systems and Hsp70 levels. The results demonstrate that cells from the digestive gland of M. galloprovincialis, exposed to SDS were not able to perform the RVD owing to osmotic stress. Further, SDS causes oxidative stress in treated organisms, as demonstrated by the incre…