Search results for "Sperm"

showing 10 items of 658 documents

Occurrence and Heterogeneity of Chymotrypsin Inhibitors in Vegetative Tissues of Barley

1977

Inhibitors of chymotrypsin and the alkaline proteinase of Aspergillus oryzae were present in the shoots of barley seedlings and weak activities were also detected in the shoot tops of 6-week-old plants. Treatments which induce inhibitor formation in tomato and potato leaves had no effect when tested on mature leaves, seedlings, or young tillers of barley. Fractionation experiments with isoelectric focusing showed that the barley leaves contained several proteinase inhibitors acting on both chymotrypsin and the Aspergillus proteinase, and one inhibitor which acted only on the Aspergillus enzyme. All of these inhibitors were different from the five Aspergillus proteinase inhibitors which are …

chemistry.chemical_classificationAspergillusChymotrypsinbiologyPhysiologyIsoelectric focusingfungifood and beveragesCell BiologyPlant ScienceGeneral MedicineFractionationbiology.organism_classificationEndospermEnzymeAspergillus oryzaeBiochemistrychemistryShootGeneticsbiology.proteinPhysiologia Plantarum
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Chemical Constituents of Urospermum picroides

1992

Seven phenolic compounds were isolated from the aerial parts of U. picroides. They were identified by UV spectra, TLC and HPLC-DAD as luteolin, luteolin-7-glucoside, quercetin, quercetin-3-galactoside, kaempferol-3-galactoside, chlorogenic and isochlorogenic acids. Other phenolics were characterized by HPLC-DAD analysis: gallic, protocatechuic, caffeic, ferulic and isoferulic acids, quercetin-3-glucoside and luteolin-4′-glucoside.

chemistry.chemical_classificationChromatographybiologyStereochemistryFlavonoidbiology.organism_classificationGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biologychemistry.chemical_compoundUv spectrachemistryChemotaxonomyChemical constituentsPhenolsUrospermum picroidesQuercetinLuteolinZeitschrift für Naturforschung C
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Inhibitors of endogenous proteinases in the seeds of Scots pine, Pinus sylvestris

1980

Extracts of resting pine seeds inhibited the proteinase activities present in extracts of endosperms of germinating seeds (hydrolysis of haemoglobin at pH 3.7 and hydrolysis of casein at pH 5.4 and 7.0). Heating the extracts of resting seeds at 60°C destroyed their own proteinase activity but their proteinase inhibitor activity decreased by only 25 to 30%. Some properties of the inhibitor(s) were studied using extracts treated at 60°C. The inhibitor activities were non-dialysable. the inhibition increased linearly with increasing inhibitor concentration up to 80% of total proteinase activity, and the maximal inhibition was 80% at pH 3.7. 90% at pH 5.4. and 97% at pH 7.0. The extracts of res…

chemistry.chemical_classificationChymotrypsinPhysiologyfood and beveragesCell BiologyPlant ScienceGeneral MedicineBiologyTrypsinCarboxypeptidaseEndospermHydrolysisEnzymeBiochemistrychemistryGerminationCaseinGeneticsmedicinebiology.proteinmedicine.drugPhysiologia Plantarum
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Sesquiterpene lactones and dihydroflavonols from Andryala and Urospermum species

1994

Abstract The aerial parts of two Andryala species yielded several guaianolides and guaianolide glycosides, three of them being new. The aerial parts of Urospermum dalechampii yielded several known germacranolides and the new dihydroflavonol 3- O -methyltaxifolin.

chemistry.chemical_classificationGermacranolidebiologyUrospermum dalechampiiStereochemistryGlycosidePlant ScienceGeneral MedicineHorticultureSesquiterpeneAndryalabiology.organism_classificationBiochemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryBotanyUrospermumUrospermum picroidesMolecular BiologyLactonePhytochemistry
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Activities of Two Peptidases in Resting and Germinating Seeds of Scots Pine, Pinus sylvestris

1975

Extracts prepared from resting seeds of Scots pine, Pinus sylvestris L., rapidly hydrolysed two peptides, Leu–Tyr and Ala–Gly, at pH 8.6 and 7.8, respectively. In gel chromatography on Sephadex G-100 the two activities were eluted as separate peaks, which indicates that they are due to two different peptidases. The seeds were allowed to germinate at 20°C, the activities of the two enzymes were assayed separately on extracts from the endosperm and seedling tissues at different stages of germination, and compared with corresponding changes in dry weight and total nitrogen. Both enzyme activities were relatively high in the endosperm of resting seeds, and they increased about 2- and 3-fold dur…

chemistry.chemical_classificationHydrolyzed proteinbiologyPhysiologyScots pinefood and beveragesCell BiologyPlant ScienceGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationEndospermEnzymeDry weightchemistryGerminationSephadexSeedlingBotanyGeneticsPhysiologia Plantarum
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Degradable cationic nanohydrogel particles for stimuli-responsive release of siRNA.

2014

Well-defined nanogels have become quite attractive as safe and stable carriers for siRNA delivery. However, to avoid nanoparticle accumulation, they need to provide a stimuli-responsive degradation mechanism that can be activated at the payload's site of action. In this work, the synthetic concept for generating well-defined nanohydrogel particles is extended to incorporate disulfide cross-linkers into a cationic nanonetwork for redox-triggered release of oligonucleotide payload as well as nanoparticle degradation under reductive conditions of the cytoplasm. Therefore, a novel disulfide-modified spermine cross-linker is designed that both allows disassembly of the nanogel as well as removal…

chemistry.chemical_classificationMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyPolymers and PlasticsChemistryOligonucleotideSpermidineOrganic ChemistryCationic polymerizationNanoparticleNanogelsFluorescence correlation spectroscopyHydrogelsPolymerPolyethylene GlycolsNanotoxicologyCationsAgarose gel electrophoresisMaterials ChemistryBiophysicsPolyethyleneimineDisulfidesRNA Small InterferingNanogelMacromolecular rapid communications
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Differential localization of two acid proteinases in germinating barley (Hordeum vulgare) seed

1995

A cathepsin D-like aspartic proteinase (EC 3.4.23) is abundant in ungerminated barley (Hordeum vulgare) seed while a 30 kDa cysteine endoproteinase (EC 3.4.22) is one of the proteinases synthesized de novo in the germinating seed. In this work, the localization of these two acid proteinases was studied at both the tissue and subcellular levels by immunomicroscopy. The results confirm that they have completely different functions. The aspartic proteinase was present in the ungerminated seed and, during germination, it appeared in all the living tissues of the grain, including the shoot and root. Contrary to previous suggestions, it was not observed in the starchy endosperm. By immunoblotting…

chemistry.chemical_classificationMolecular massPhysiologyImmunoelectron microscopyfood and beveragesCell BiologyPlant ScienceGeneral MedicineScutellumBiologyEndospermchemistryBiochemistryAleuroneGeneticsStorage proteinHordeum vulgareCysteinePhysiologia Plantarum
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Localization and Activity of a Carboxypeptidase in Germinating Seeds of Scots Pine, Pinus sylvestris

1976

Extracts prepared from the endosperm of germinating seeds of Scots pine, Pinus sylvestris L., hydrolysed two typical carboxypeptidase substrates, Z-Phe-Ala and Z-Phe-Phe, with pH optima at 4.2 and 5.0. The activities were completely destroyed by diisopropylfluorophosphate. Identical heat inactivation curves and elution patterns in gel chromatography on Sephadex G-200 suggest that the two activities are due to a single enzyme. In resting seeds very low carboxypeptidase activity was present in both the endosperm and the embryo. During germination on agar gel at 20°C in the dark the activities, expressed as enzyme units per seed, increased in the seedling and particularly in the endosperm up t…

chemistry.chemical_classificationPhysiologydigestive oral and skin physiologyfungiScots pinefood and beveragesCell BiologyPlant ScienceGeneral MedicineBiologybiology.organism_classificationCarboxypeptidaseEndospermCarboxypeptidase activitychemistryGerminationSeedlingSephadexBotanyGeneticsbiology.proteinStorage proteinPhysiologia Plantarum
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Spermidine and morphogenesis in single cell cultures of Sideritis angustifolia lag.

1990

Abstract Single cells from hypocotyl-derived callus of Sideritis angustifolia were evaluated for morphogenesis when cultured in either solidifier or liquid Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with various concentrations of spermidine, naphthaeneacetic acid (NAA), benzyladenine (BA) and dicyclohexylamine (DCHA). Spermidine (Spd) did not replace the hormonal requirements for cell division and callus formation, but affected growth induced by NAA or BA. This polyamine increased the plating efficiency of cells cultured in the presence of NAA (0.05, 0.54 and 5.40 μM) or BA (0.40, 4.40 and 8.80 μM). In contrast, Spd reduced growth induced by 10.80 μM NAA, optimal auxin concentration for callus…

chemistry.chemical_classificationPlating efficiencyCallus formationfungiPlant ScienceGeneral MedicineBiologySpermidinechemistry.chemical_compoundMurashige and Skoog mediumchemistryBiochemistryAuxinCallusmental disordersCytokininGeneticsPolyamineAgronomy and Crop SciencePlant Science
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Two proteases from nuclei of rat testis cells. II. Inhibitors

1987

Abstract Proteases Rc and Kc of the nuclei of rat testis cells exhibit considerable differences in susceptibility to various protease inhibitors. Protease Rc is inhibited by D‐phenylalanyl‐L‐propyl‐L‐arginine chlormethylketone and p‐nitrophenyl‐p1‐guanidino ben‐zoate. Protease Kc is inhibited by Nα‐p‐tosyl‐L‐lysine chlormethylketone, N‐p‐tosyl‐phenylalanine chlormethylketone, N‐carbobenzoxy‐L‐phenylalanine chloromethylketone and p‐nitrophenyl‐p'‐guanidino‐benzoate. Neither protease is inhibited by 10 mM phenylmethanesulphonyl‐fluoride or p‐chloromercuri‐benzoate. p‐nitrophenyl‐p1‐guanidino‐benzoate is a substrate for protease Rc with release of p‐nitrophenol, however the protease activity i…

chemistry.chemical_classificationProteasesProteasemedicine.medical_treatmentSubstrate (chemistry)BiologyTesticleTrypsinMolecular biologyCell nucleusmedicine.anatomical_structureEnzymeBiochemistrychemistrymedicineAnimal Science and ZoologySpermatogenesismedicine.drugBollettino di zoologia
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