Search results for "Spillover"
showing 10 items of 114 documents
H2 Transformations on Graphene Supported Palladium Cluster: DFT-MD Simulations and NEB Calculations
2020
Molecular dynamics simulations based on density functional theory were employed to investigate the fate of a hydrogen molecule shot with different kinetic energy toward a hydrogenated palladium cluster anchored on the vacant site of a defective graphene sheet. Hits resulting in H2 adsorption occur until the cluster is fully saturated. The influence of H content over Pd with respect to atomic hydrogen spillover onto graphene was investigated. Calculated energy barriers of ca. 1.6 eV for H-spillover suggest that the investigated Pd/graphene system is a good candidate for hydrogen storage.
Sharing R&D investments in cleaner technologies to mitigate climate change
2014
This paper examines international cooperation on technological development as an alternative to international cooperation on GHG emission reductions. It is assumed that when countries cooperate they coordinate their investments so as to minimize the agreement costs of controlling emissions and that they also pool their R&D efforts so as to fully internalize the spillover effects of their investments in R&D. In order to analyze the scope of cooperation, an agreement formation game is solved in three stages. First, countries decide whether or not to sign the agreement. Then, in the second stage, signatories (playing together) and non-signatories (playing individually) select their investment …
A Further Note on Endogenous Spillovers in a Non-tournament R&D Duopoly
2008
This note considers the paper of Poyago-Theotoky (1999) on strategic R&D with endogenous spillovers. It proves through an example that, under R&D collusion, optimality sometimes requires either minimal or asymmetric spillovers. It also provides a simple sufficient condition for optimal spillovers between colluding firms to involve maximal spillovers (i.e., complete sharing of information).
How do normalization schemes affect net spillovers? A replication of the Diebold and Yilmaz (2012) study
2019
Abstract This paper replicates the Diebold and Yilmaz (2012) study on the connectedness of the commodity market and three other financial markets: the stock market, the bond market, and the FX market, based on the Generalized Forecast Error Variance Decomposition, GEFVD. We show that the net spillover indices (of directional connectedness), used to assess the net contribution of one market to overall risk in the system, are sensitive to the normalization scheme applied to the GEFVD. We show that, considering data generating processes characterized by different degrees of persistence and covariance, a scalar-based normalization of the Generalized Forecast Error Variance Decomposition is pref…
Asymmetric semi-volatility spillover effects in EMU stock markets
2018
Abstract The aim of this paper is to quantify the strength and the direction of semi-volatility spillovers between five EMU stock markets over the 2000–2016 period. We use upside and downside semi-volatilities as proxies for downside risk and upside opportunities. In this way, we aim to complement the literature, which has focused mainly on the contemporaneous correlation between positive and negative returns, with the evidence of asymmetry also in semi-volatility transmission. For this purpose, we apply the Diebold and Yilmaz (2012) methodology, based on a generalized forecast error variance decomposition, to downside and upside realized semi-volatility series. While the analysis of Diebol…
The buffering effect of coping strategies in the relationship between job insecurity and employee well-being
2012
The modern labour market features job insecurity (JI) as an unavoidable stressor. This study considers the influence of personal coping strategies by combining the conservation of resources with spillover theory. Do coping strategies buffer the negative effects of JI on well-being (work engagement, marital satisfaction and emotional energy at work and home)? A cybernetic coping scale distinguishes five coping strategies and a survey of 2764 Finnish employees reveals that changing the situation and symptom reduction buffer the negative effect of JI on emotional energy at work and home, respectively. Devaluation and accommodation have buffering tendencies in relation to work engagement and m…
Endogenous R&D Symmetry in Linear Duopoly with One-way Spillovers
2005
A duopoly model of cost reducing R&D-Cournot market competition is extended to encompass endogenous timing of R&D investments. Under the assumption that R&D spillovers are zero under simultaneous choices of R&D and only flow from the R&D leader to the follower under sequential choices, sequential and simultaneous play at the R&D stage are compared in order to assess the role of technological externalities in stimulating or attenuating endogenous firm asymmetry. The only timing structure of the R&D stage sustainable as subgame–perfect Nash equilibrium involves simultaneous play and thus zero spillovers.
Growth and Spatial Dependence in Europe
2009
The convergence of European regions has been largely discussed in the empirical literature during the last decade. Two observations are often emphasized. First, the convergence rate among European regions appears to be very slow (Barro and Sala-i-Martins 1991, 1995; Armstrong 1995, Sala-i-Martin 1996a,b). Second, the tools used in the regional science literature show that the geographical distribution of European per capita GDP is highly clustered and characterized by global and local autocorrelation (Armstrong 1995; Ertur et al. 2007; Lopez-Bazo et al. 1999; Le Gallo and Ertur 2003 with a UE15 regional database and Ertur and Koch 2006, with a UE27 enlarged regional database). Many other st…
Dependence between renewable energy related critical metal futures and producer equity markets across varying market conditions
2022
We study the dependence of renewable energy production-related critical metal futures and producer equity returns, compared to the non-renewable energy (oil and natural gas) and some other globally relevant commodity markets. We find different asymmetric and symmetric dependencies in these commodity markets. The dependence is asymmetric in the most important critical metal markets, i.e., of silver, copper, and platinum. Still, surprisingly, for example, in the oil market, the relationship is symmetric, and no relationship is found in the natural gas market. Furthermore, the oil and agricultural markets have homogenous dependence structures in most market conditions, so the information trans…
Spillovers de la Inversion Extranjera Directa y sus efectos en las empresas colombianas
2018
El desarrollo de esta tesis gira entorno a investigar acerca de las contribuciones de la IED y sus impactos en las empresas colombianas, sobre todo, en aquellas que vienen teniendo una importante presencia con sus ventas en los mercados internacionales. Se trata de valorar a nivel cuantitativo y cualitativo el papel de los spillovers o de externalidades causadas por los flujos de inversión directa que recibe el país, sobre algunas de las actividades importantes que permiten impulsar la competitividad de las empresas colombianas con alta vocación exportadora y con presencia internacional. En especial, la posibilidad de tener acceso a nuevas tecnologías, el incentivo a buscar la eficiencia en…