Search results for "Surgery."
showing 10 items of 15774 documents
Biomechanical testing of different posterior fusion devices on lumbar spinal range of motion.
2019
Abstract Background Recent minimal-invasive posterior fusion devices are supposed to provide stability and obtain fusion in combination with interbody cages in the instrumented segment. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the primary stability of two minimal-invasive posterior prototypes compared to an established spinous process plate and standard pedicle screw instrumentation. Methods Seven fresh frozen human cadaver lumbar spines (L2–L5) were tested in a spinal testing device with a moment of 7.5 Nm. Spinal stability was determined as mean range of motion (RoM) in the segment L3/L4 during extension-flexion, lateral bending and axial rotation. The RoM was measured during five cond…
Le Fratture di Rotula
2015
Patellar fractures are relatively uncommon, accounting for approximately 1% of all fractures. Non-operative treatment represents the best choice for undisplaced patellar fractures. However, surgery becomes necessary when fractures are displaced by more than 2 mm, and may include open reduction and internal fixation. Accurate reduction and rigid fixation are required in order to allow early knee mobilization and to obtain a better clinical outcome. Several techniques have been described for patellar fracture fixation, such as tension band wiring, interfragmentary screw fixation, and the combination of screw fixation and cerclage. In this article up-to-date diagnosis, classification and treat…
Effect of preoperative flexion contracture in the knee joint on the accuracy of digital templating before knee replacement surgery
2016
Abstract Introduction Flexion contracture in the knee joint before knee replacement surgery has been implicated as one of the factors that could affect the accuracy of digital templating. Aim The aim of the study was to detect the accuracy of digital templating in predicting the size of knee implants and to detect the effect of preoperative flexion contracture in the knee joint on the accuracy of digital templating. Material and methods The flexion contracture of the knee joint was measured in every patient prior to knee replacement surgery and digital templating of the knee joint was made in mediolateral (ML), anteroposterior (AP) and AP long leg views. The sizes of prosthetic components p…
Treatment of Knee Osteochondral Fractures.
2022
Osteochondral lesions (OCLs) that are frequently encountered in skeletally immature and adult patients are more common than once thought, and their incidence rate is rising. These lesions can appear in many synovial joints of the body, such as the shoulder, elbow, hip, and ankle, occurring most often in the knee. The term osteochondral lesion includes a vast spectrum of pathologies such as osteochondritis dissecans, osteochondral defects, osteochondral fractures, and osteonecrosis of the subchondral bone. When considering this, the term osteochondral fracture is preserved only for an osteochondral defect that combines disruption of the articular cartilage and subchondral bone. These fractur…
Load Distribution in the Lumbar Spine During Modeled Compression Depends on Lordosis.
2021
Excessive or incorrect loading of lumbar spinal structures is commonly assumed as one of the factors to accelerate degenerative processes, which may lead to lower back pain. Accordingly, the mechanics of the spine under medical conditions, such as scoliosis or spondylolisthesis, is well-investigated. Treatments via both conventional therapy and surgical methods alike aim at restoring a “healthy” (or at least pain-free) load distribution. Yet, surprisingly little is known about the inter-subject variability of load bearings within a “healthy” lumbar spine. Hence, we utilized computer tomography data from 28 trauma-room patients, whose lumbar spines showed no visible sign of degeneration, to …
Reduction and variability of trunk spines in the acanthocephalan Corynosoma cetaceum: the role of physical constraints on attachment
2005
. In this study, we investigated a functional trade-off between trunk attachment and trunk-spine development in the acanthocephalan Corynosoma cetaceum. The worms live attached to the stomach and upper intestine of their cetacean definitive hosts, using the proboscis and spiny foretrunk as the main holdfast; the spiny hindtrunk can also attach by bending ventrally. When the hindtrunk bends, ventral compression generates an anterior fold (AF) and a posterior fold (PF). A morphological analysis based on 7,823 individuals collected from 10 franciscana dolphins, Pontoporia blainvillei, revealed that spines were smaller and more variable in size and occurrence in the folds than on neighboring ar…
The craniovertebral junction in rheumatoid arthritis: State of the art
2019
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disorder, characterized by polyarticular inflammation causing progressive joint damage and disability. The mechanisms underlying its pathogenesis involve activation of innate and adaptive immunity, microvascular endothelial cell activation, and inflammatory infiltration of lymphocytes and monocytes into the synovium. Spinal involvement in RA is not typical; when it occurs, the main radiological features are (1) atlantoaxial subluxation (AAS), which is the most typical form of cervical spine involvement; (2) cranial settling—also known as basilar impression, atlantoaxial impaction or superior migration of the odontoid—which is the most seve…
Arthroscopic approach for treating a pigmented villonodular sinovitis of TMJ. A case report
2017
The present report describes the case of a 29-year-old man referred to our service for TMJ pain and progressive reduction of the mouth opening. Differential diagnostics included rheumatologic diseases, monoarthritis and intraarticular lumps. In this line, a face CT scan and a MRI of TMJ were carried out in order to ensure a proper diagnosis. These tests showed a solid lesion into the joint cavity. In view of that, we decided to perform a diagnostic and therapeutic arthroscopy of TMJ. Histopathological studies confirmed the diagnosis of pigmented villonodular synovitis. The main aim of this report is to describe this rare syndrome with the goal of proposing suitable treatments. Moreover, we …
The influence of lateral release on patello-femoral joint loading in knee arthroplasty
1992
Eight fresh, cadaveric knees have been fitted with four different total knee cemented prostheses. Loading forces at the bone implant fixation interface of the patella component have been measured in a knee joint testing rig by four miniaturized force transducers, before and after a lateral release of the patellar retinaculum. The lateral release resulted in a significant local force reduction in the lateral and/or proximal quadrant of the patella resection plane depending on the knee flexion angle, quadriceps tensile force direction, and the patellar prosthesis design.
Möglichkeiten der CT-Arthrographie in der Diagnostik von Schulterinstabilitäten
1990
In the course of a prospective study, CT arthrography was carried out on 40 patients with shoulder instability. In 35 of these patients a lesion of the capsule and labrum was demonstrated, indicating glenohumeral instability; in three patients this was shown primarily by CT arthrography. In three patients, multidirectional instability was demonstrated. In four patients there was an isolated lesion of the labrum, whereas in one patient all the findings were normal. Compared with the capsulo-labral lesions, bone changes involving the head of the humerus and the glenoid were of lesser importance, although their severity affected the choice of operative treatment in four patients. Fifteen of th…