Search results for "Toe"

showing 10 items of 3824 documents

Recycled Photons Traveling Several Millimeters in Waveguides Based on CsPbBr 3 Perovskite Nanocrystals

2021

Reabsorption and reemission of photons, or photon recycling (PR) effect, represents an outstanding mechanism to enhance the carrier and photon densities in semiconductor thin films. This work demonstrates the propagation of recycled photons over several mm by integrating a thin film of CsPbBr3 nanocrystals into a planar waveguide. An experimental set-up based on a frequency modulation spectroscopy allows to characterize the PR effect and the determination of the effective decay time of outcoupled photons. A correlation between the observed photoluminescence redshift and the increase of the effective decay time is demonstrated, which grows from 3.5 to near 9 ns in the best device. A stochast…

Materials sciencePhotonMonte-Carlo modelingbusiness.industryPhoton recyclingMonte Carlo methodPhysics::Optics02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics0104 chemical sciencesElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCsPbBr3 nanocrystals frequency modulation spectroscopy Monte-Carlo modeling photon recycling waveguidesNanocrystalOptoelectronicsFrequency modulation spectroscopy0210 nano-technologybusinessCsPbBr3Frequency modulation spectroscopyWaveguidesPhoton recyclingPerovskite (structure)Advanced Optical Materials
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Ultrahigh-Q Tunable Whispering-Gallery-Mode Microresonator

2009

Typical microresonators exhibit a large frequency spacing between resonances and a limited tunability. This impedes their use in a large class of applications which require a resonance of the microcavity to coincide with a predetermined frequency. Here, we experimentally overcome this limitation with highly prolate-shaped whispering-gallery-mode "bottle microresonators" fabricated from standard optical glass fibers. Our resonators combine an ultra-high quality factor of 360 million, a small mode volume, and near lossless fibre coupling, characteristic of whispering-gallery-mode resonators, with a simple and customizable mode structure enabling full tunability.

Materials sciencePhotonOptical fiberGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesPhysics::OpticsPHOTONSOPTICAL MICROCAVITIESlaw.inventionStanding waveResonatorRESONATORSQuality (physics)OpticslawMICROSPHERE LASERPhysicsMode volumeTotal internal reflectionbusiness.industryCHIPCavity quantum electrodynamicsResonanceONE-ATOMChipFIBER TAPERAtom opticsCAVITYOptoelectronicsWhispering-gallery wavebusinessFabry–Pérot interferometerPhysics - OpticsOptics (physics.optics)GENERATIONPhysical Review Letters
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Threshold Voltage Variability of NROM Memories After Exposure to Ionizing Radiation

2012

Threshold voltage (V-th) behavior of nitride readonly memories (NROMs) was studied after irradiation with photons (gamma-and X-rays), light and heavy ions. Both programmed and nonprogrammed single cells were investigated. The data suggest that two main physical phenomena are contributing to V-th variation and that the V-th loss and the variability can be modeled by a Weibull statistics with a shape parameter k similar to 2.2 regardless of the irradiation species and total dose. The same peculiarities were found in large memory arrays, confirming the results from single-cell studies but with significantly larger statistics. Hence, once the irradiation dose is known, the V-th loss distributio…

Materials sciencePhotonbusiness.industryoxide-nitride-oxide (ONO)radiation hardnessFlash memoriesShape parameterElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsThreshold voltageIonizing radiationNon-volatile memoryFlash memories nitride read-only memories (NROMs) oxide–nitride–oxide (ONO) radiation hardness.nitride read-only memories (NROMs)OptoelectronicsIrradiationElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessRadiation hardeningWeibull distribution
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Transient photoresponse and incident power dependence of high-efficiency germanium quantum dot photodetectors

2012

We report a systematic study of time-resolved and power-dependent photoresponse in high-efficiency germanium quantum dot photodetectors (Ge-QD PDs), with internal quantum efficiencies greater than 100 over a broad wavelength, reverse bias, and incident power range. Turn-on and turn-off response times (τ on and τ off) are shown to depend on series resistance, bias, optical power, and thickness (W QD) of the Ge-QD layer, with measured τ off values down to ∼40 ns. Two different photoconduction regimes are observed at low and high reverse bias, with a transition around -3 V. A transient current overshoot phenomenon is also observed, which depends on bias and illumination power. © 2012 American …

Materials sciencePhotoresponseReverse biaGeneral Physics and Astronomychemistry.chemical_elementPhotodetectorGermaniumOptical powerPhotoconductionTime-resolvedSettore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaSeries resistanceOpticsElectrical resistance and conductancePhotodetectorOptical powerEquivalent series resistanceSystematic studybusiness.industryPhotoconductivityInternal quantum efficiencyQuantum-dot photodetectorPhotonWavelengthSemiconductor quantum dots GermaniumchemistryQuantum dotTransient current Electric resistanceOptoelectronicsIncident powerbusiness
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Broadband light trapping in thin film solar cells with self-organized plasmonic nano-colloids

2015

The intense light scattered from metal nanoparticles sustaining surface plasmons makes them attractive for light trapping in photovoltaic applications. However, a strong resonant response from nanoparticle ensembles can only be obtained if the particles have monodisperse physical properties. Presently, the chemical synthesis of colloidal nanoparticles is the method that produces the highest monodispersion in geometry and material quality, with the added benefits of being low-temperature, low-cost, easily scalable and of allowing control of the surface coverage of the deposited particles. In this paper, novel plasmonic back-reflector structures were developed using spherical gold colloids wi…

Materials sciencePhotovoltaics light trapping plasmonics Mie scatterers thin film silicon solar cells.NanoparticlePhysics::OpticsBioengineeringMie scatterersMie scattererSettore ING-INF/01 - Elettronica7. Clean energyLight scatteringplasmonicsthin film silicon solar cellsMechanics of MaterialGeneral Materials SciencePlasmonic solar cellElectrical and Electronic EngineeringThin filmPlasmonbusiness.industryScatteringMechanical EngineeringChemistry (all)Surface plasmonNanocrystalline siliconGeneral ChemistryPlasmonicThin film silicon solar cellphotovoltaicsMechanics of MaterialsOptoelectronicslight trappingMaterials Science (all)businessPhotovoltaic
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SiPMs coated with TPB: coating protocol and characterization for NEXT

2012

[EN] Silicon photomultipliers (SiPM) are the photon detectors chosen for the tracking readout in NEXT, a neutrinoless \bb decay experiment which uses a high pressure gaseous xenon time projection chamber (TPC). The reconstruction of event track and topology in this gaseous detector is a key handle for background rejection. Among the commercially available sensors that can be used for tracking, SiPMs offer important advantages, mainly high gain, ruggedness, cost-effectiveness and radio-purity. Their main drawback, however, is their non sensitivity in the emission spectrum of the xenon scintillation (peak at 175 nm). This is overcome by coating these sensors with the organic wavelength shifte…

Materials sciencePhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorsFOS: Physical scienceschemistry.chemical_elementengineering.materialWavelength shifterTracking (particle physics)7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentTECNOLOGIA ELECTRONICAHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)XenonSilicon photomultiplierCoating0103 physical sciencesSensitivity (control systems)Visible and IR photons (solid-state)010306 general physicsInstrumentationPhoton detectors for UVMathematical PhysicsScintillationTime projection chamber010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryTime projection Chambers (TPC)FísicaDetectorsInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)Gas detectorsScintillators scintillation and light emission processes (solid gas and liquid scintillators)Detectors de gasoschemistryParticle tracking detectors (Solid-state detectors)engineeringOptoelectronicsbusiness
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Diamond magnetometer enhanced by ferrite flux concentrators

2020

Magnetometers based on nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond are promising room-temperature, solid-state sensors. However, their reported sensitivity to magnetic fields at low frequencies (<1 kHz) is presently >10 pT s^{1/2}, precluding potential applications in medical imaging, geoscience, and navigation. Here we show that high-permeability magnetic flux concentrators, which collect magnetic flux from a larger area and concentrate it into the diamond sensor, can be used to improve the sensitivity of diamond magnetometers. By inserting an NV-doped diamond membrane between two ferrite cones in a bowtie configuration, we realize a ~250-fold increase of the magnetic field amplitude wi…

Materials sciencePhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorsMagnetometerFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyApplied Physics (physics.app-ph)engineering.material01 natural sciencesArticlelaw.inventionlaw0103 physical sciencesThermalMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Laser power scaling010306 general physicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physicsbusiness.industryMicrowave powerDiamondInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)Physics - Applied Physics021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyMagnetic fluxMagnetic fieldengineeringFerrite (magnet)Optoelectronics0210 nano-technologybusinessOptics (physics.optics)Physics - Optics
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Noncovalent force spectroscopy using wide-field optical and diamond-based magnetic imaging

2019

A realization of the force-induced remnant magnetization spectroscopy (FIRMS) technique of specific biomolecular binding is presented where detection is accomplished with wide-field optical and diamond-based magnetometry using an ensemble of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) color centers. The technique may be adapted for massively parallel screening of arrays of nanoscale samples.

Materials sciencePhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorsMagnetometerFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyApplied Physics (physics.app-ph)02 engineering and technologyengineering.material01 natural scienceslaw.inventionMagnetizationlaw0103 physical sciencesPhysics - Biological PhysicsSpectroscopyMassively parallelNanoscopic scale010302 applied physicsQuantum Physicsbusiness.industryForce spectroscopyDiamondInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)Physics - Applied Physics021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology3. Good healthBiological Physics (physics.bio-ph)engineeringOptoelectronicsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)0210 nano-technologybusinessRealization (systems)
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Two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy with a microfluidic diamond quantum sensor

2019

Quantum sensors based on nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond have emerged as a promising detection modality for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy owing to their micron-scale detection volume and non-inductive based detection. A remaining challenge is to realize sufficiently high spectral resolution and concentration sensitivity for multidimensional NMR analysis of picoliter sample volumes. Here, we address this challenge by spatially separating the polarization and detection phases of the experiment in a microfluidic platform. We realize a spectral resolution of 0.65 +/- 0.05 Hz, an order-of-magnitude improvement over previous diamond NMR studies. We use the platform to perform …

Materials sciencePhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorsMicrofluidicsFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyApplied Physics (physics.app-ph)engineering.material01 natural sciencesPhysics - Chemical Physics0103 physical sciencesMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Spectral resolution010306 general physicsSpectroscopyResearch ArticlesApplied PhysicsChemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)Chemical PhysicsMultidisciplinaryCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physicsbusiness.industryQuantum sensorDetectorSciAdv r-articlesDiamondNuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)Physics - Applied Physics021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology3. Good health13. Climate actionengineeringOptoelectronics0210 nano-technologybusinessTwo-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyResearch Article
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Superconductor-ferromagnet tunnel junction thermoelectric bolometer and calorimeter with a SQUID readout

2020

Superconductor-ferromagnet thermoelectric detector (SFTED) is a novel ultrasensitive radiation detector based on the giant thermoelectric effect in superconductor-ferromagnet tunnel junctions. This type of detector can be operated without the need of additional bias lines, and is predicted to provide a performance rivaling transition-edge sensors and kinetic inductance detectors. Here we report our numerical studies on the SFTED noise equivalent power, energy resolution and time constant, and the feasibility of a SQUID readout in both bolometric and calorimetric regimes, with the goal to provide practical design parameters for the detector fabrication and the readout circuitry implementatio…

Materials sciencePhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorsPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyApplied Physics (physics.app-ph)thermoelectric01 natural sciencesParticle detectorlaw.inventionsuprajohteetsähkömagneettinen säteilybolometermittauslaitteetTunnel junctionlawCondensed Matter::Superconductivity0103 physical sciencesThermoelectric effectcalorimeterGeneral Materials Sciencekalorimetria010306 general physicsNoise-equivalent powerCalorimeter (particle physics)business.industryBolometerDetectorPhysics - Applied PhysicsInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSQUIDOptoelectronicsHigh Energy Physics::Experiment0210 nano-technologybusiness
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