Search results for "Type"
showing 10 items of 10618 documents
Could PD-1/PDL1 immune checkpoints be linked to HLA signature?
2019
The outstanding clinical expansion of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to programmed cell death receptor-1 (PD-1) (nivolumab and pembrolizumab) and PD-1 ligand-1 (PDL-1) (atezolizumab, avelumab and durvalumab) has received an increasing level of interest regarding immunotherapy and multidrug combinations, for the treatment of a number of common human malignancies. Some patients treated with these agents receive remarkable benefits in term of quality of life, progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS). However, a significant percentage of these patients experience immune-related adverse events (irAEs), while others present with an ultra-rapid disease progression, defined as hyperprogressio…
Finnish diabetes‐related quality of life questionnaire for children and adolescents: Reliability and validity
2020
Aim To study the psychometric properties, reliability, and validity of the FinDiab quality of life questionnaire (FDQL), a strength‐oriented quality of life (QOL) questionnaire for children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Methods Participants were 215 youths with T1D (aged 10–17 years). They completed FDQL and comparison questionnaires (KINDL‐R and SDQ). Demographic and disease measures were collected from the participants’ medical records. The questionnaire’s psychometric properties were investigated. Construct validity was studied through principal component analysis using Promax rotation, reliability with alphas, and criterion and convergent validity with correlations between…
Emocionālās vardarbības mazināšanas iespējas sākumskolas pedagoģiskajā procesā
2022
Bakalaura darba tēma: Emocionālās vardarbības mazināšanas iespējas sākumskolas pedagoģiskajā procesā. Darba autore: Elīna Blumberga Studiju programma: “Sākumskolas skolotāja ar tiesībām pasniegt vienu priekšmetu pamatskolā” Darba vadītāja: Doc., Dr.paed.,Mg.hist. Staņislava Marsone Pētījuma objekts: vardarbība sākumskolas pedagoģiskajā procesā Pētījuma priekšmets: emocionālās vardarbības mazināšanas pedagoģiskās iespējas Pētījuma mērķis: analizēt vardarbības rašanās cēloņus un pētīt emocionālās vardarbības mazināšanas iespējas sākumskolas pedagoģiskajā procesā Pētījuma hipotēze: Emocionālo vardarbību sākumskolas posmā ir iespējams mazināt ja: 1) pastiprina izpratni par to skolotājiem un sko…
Heterozygote advantage and pleiotropy contribute to intraspecific color trait variability
2022
The persistence of intrapopulation phenotypic variation typically requires some form of balancing selection because drift and directional selection eventually erode genetic variation. Heterozygote advantage remains a classic explanation for the maintenance of genetic variation in the face of selection. However, examples of heterozygote advantage, other than those associated with disease resistance, are rather uncommon. Across most of its distribution, males of the aposematic moth Arctia plantaginis have two hindwing phenotypes determined by a heritable one locus-two allele polymorphism (genotypes: WW/Wy = white morph, yy = yellow morph). Using genotyped moths, we show that the presence of o…
The impact of life stage and pigment source on the evolution of novel warning signal traits
2021
Our understanding of how novel warning color traits evolve in natural populations is largely based on studies of reproductive stages and organisms with endogenously produced pigmentation. In these systems, genetic drift is often required for novel alleles to overcome strong purifying selection stemming from frequency-dependent predation and positive assortative mating. Here, we integrate data from field surveys, predation experiments, population genomics, and phenotypic correlations to explain the origin and maintenance of geographic variation in a diet-based larval pigmentation trait in the redheaded pine sawfly (Neodiprion lecontei), a pine-feeding hymenopteran. Although our experiments c…
Appearance before performance? : Nutritional constraints on life‐history traits, but not warning signal expression in aposematic moths
2020
1.Trade‐offs have been shown to play an important role in the divergence of mating strategies and sexual ornamentation, but their importance in explaining warning signal diversity has received less attention. In aposematic organisms, allocation costs of producing the conspicuous warning signal pigmentation under nutritional stress could potentially trade‐off with life‐history traits and maintain variation in warning colouration. 2. We studied this with an aposematic herbivore Arctia plantaginis (Arctiidae), whose larvae and adults show extensive variation in aposematic colouration. In larvae, less melanic colouration (i.e. larger orange patterns) produces a more efficient warning signal aga…
Pyrrethroid resistance in Varroa destructor: Investigating the role of mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel
2022
Entre les majors amenaces de l'apicultura contemporània es troba el parasitisme de Varroa destructor, Anderson & Trueman (Acari: Varroidae). Aquest àcar ectoparàsit altament especialitzat s'alimenta directament de les pupes i els adults de l'abella mel·lífera europea, Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae), la qual cosa debilita greument a les abelles i les indueix una immunosupressió que desemboca en brots d'infeccions preexistents o vectorizades pels àcars que comprometen la viabilitat de les colònies. El control dels àcars V. destructor es un problema agreujat pel limitat número de tractaments de control disponibles i l'evolució de la resistència a aquests en les poblacions d'àcars. Enc…
Model organisms and their application in environmental epigenetics
2020
Abstract Epigenetic mechanisms operate at the interface between the environment and the genome of a given organism. More particularly, they convert environmental stimuli as diverse as chemical pollutants, nutritional components, temperature changes, and social conditions into changes in the chromatin landscape, which influence gene expression in the absence of alterations in the DNA sequence, ultimately leading to phenotype adaptation and diversification. The use of experimental model organisms in epigenetics research allows for the careful manipulation of environmental factors in order to understand how they mechanistically modulate the establishment, maintenance, and inheritance of epigen…
Author Correction: Evaluation of three methods for biomass estimation in small invertebrates, using three large disparate parasite species as model o…
2018
Invertebrate biomass is considered one of the main factors driving processes in ecosystems. It can be measured directly, primarily by weighing individuals, but more often indirect estimators are used. We developed two indirect and non-destructive approaches to estimate biomass of small invertebrates in a simple manner. The first one was based on clay modelling and the second one was based on image analysis implemented with open-source software. Furthermore, we tested the accuracy of the widely used geometric approximation method (third method). We applied these three different methods to three morphologically disparate model species, an acanthocephalan worm, a crustacean and a flatworm. To …
Ideal types of online shoppers : a qualitative analysis of online shopping behavior
2018
Due to the growing popularity of online shopping, there is a growing demand for understanding the motives and behaviour of online shoppers. This study aims to increase this understanding by examining online shopping behaviour from the perspective of UTAUT2 theory integrated with self-efficacy and risk avoidance components. The thematically analysed data from 31 participants highlights the unique aspects of online shoppers by grouping them into ideal types, presenting the data as extensively as possible. An ideal type is an analytical construct used to ascertain similarities and deviations to concrete cases in an individual phenomenon. This study discovered five ideal types of online shopper…