Search results for "UIS"
showing 10 items of 12639 documents
Stressing the Stress or the Complexity of the Human Factor: Psychobiological Consequences of Distress
2017
Work stress is a complex process that takes place during the interaction between work demands and workers’ abilities. Karasek’s conceptualization of job stress (job demands-control model) predominates over other models of work stress. Job strain appears if there is an imbalance between demands and control. However, this parsimonious model is quite complex, mainly in the control dimension. Control is defined as the ability to cope with job demands; however, control is an ambiguous term that includes personal and job abilities and decision processes. Therefore, stress (or job strain) is a complex process that involves many different human resources to cope with job demands. In this context, i…
Simplification Of Painting Images For Tactile Perception By Visually Impaired Persons
2018
The access to artworks by visually impaired people requires a simplified tactile representation of paintings. This paper presents the difficulties of direct transcription of artworks and the test results of simplification of the paintings done by Australian Aborigines which don't have purely visual elements such as shadows or perspective. The implemented methodology is bottom-up: it starts with tactile representation of basic elements relevant to the understanding of the whole painting, then their association into more complex concepts. The context of associations is explained through audio-description. The results of the tests with visually impaired persons are analyzed and explained.
Getting into the Same Boat – Enabling the Realization of the Disabled Child’s Agency in Adult–Child Play Interaction
2021
The purpose of this study was to find out how an adult can enable or hinder the realization of a disabled child’s agency in play interaction. We focused on the child’s play invitations, which were constructed as dispreferred by the adult. The data consisted of nine videotaped playing situations with five nurses and five disabled children in a children’s neurological ward. The microanalysis with interventionist applied conversation analysis focused on one playing situation between one nurse and one three-year-old boy with no spoken language. The nurse responded to the child’s play invitations constructed as dispreferred by her in three different ways. Two of them were about trying to control…
Early intentional communication as a predictor of language development in young toddlers
1999
Interrelations between various types of early intentional communi cation measures, and their relations to children's concurrent and subsequent language skills and maternal interactional sensitivity were studied in a sample of 111 mother-infant pairs. Intentional communication was assessed at 14 months of age using a composite of early actions and gestures derived from parental reports (MacArthur Communicative Development Inventories, MCDI), and measures of early joint attentional behaviours obtained via observations of parent-child play interaction. The sum of actions and gestures and the measures of joint attentional behaviours correlated significantly with each other suggesting that the …
Diachronic development of gender in city names in Spanish
2019
AbstractThis paper examines the gender assignment rules that apply to city names in the history of Spanish, relying for the first time on extensive corpus-based material. The empirical data show that gender assignment changed from a referential principle that consistently assigned city names to the feminine (due to the feminine basic level noun for ‘city’) to a phonologically driven assignment rule, with city names ending in-agenerally being assigned to the feminine (e.g.Barcelona) and those ending in-oor-C to the masculine (e.g.Toledo,Madrid). However, the overall picture is much more complicated than previously suggested in the literature since there is still a high degree of gender varia…
Morphological features of Kiswahili youth language(s): Evidence from Dar es Salaam, Goma, Lubumbashi and Nairobi
2020
AbstractSince the late 1980s, linguists’ analyses of Sheng, the urban youth language from Nairobi, have led to the growth of a considerable body of literature. In contrast, only a few studies are available that cover other youth registers from the Kiswahili-speaking parts of Africa. While most of the available studies either deal with techniques of manipulation or with adolescents’ identity constructions, our paper intends to give a comparative overview of specific morphological features of Kiswahili-based youth languages. While certain characteristics of Sheng (Nairobi/Kenya), Lugha ya Mitaani (Dar es Salaam/Tanzania), Kindubile (Lubumbashi/DR Congo) and Yabacrâne (Goma/DR Congo) largely d…
Entwicklung der satzinternen Großschreibung kontrastiv
2021
Abstract Während die Entwicklung der satzinternen Großschreibung von Nomina und Nominalisierungen fürs Deutsche gut untersucht ist, stellt sie für viele andere Sprachen, in denen ebenfalls eine (wenn auch kurzlebige) Tendenz zur satzinternen Großschreibung festzustellen ist, ein Forschungsdesiderat dar. In diesem Beitrag stellen wir methodische Überlegungen zur kontrastiven Untersuchung der Entwicklung der satzinternen Großschreibung im Deutschen, Englischen und Niederländischen vor und diskutieren die Ergebnisse erster Pilotstudien. Neben übergreifenden Tendenzen zeigen sich auch deutliche Unterschiede, aus denen sich die Notwendigkeit zu einer differenzierten Betrachtung der einzelsprachl…
Do fee-shifting rules affect plaintiffs’ win rates? A theoretical and empirical analysis
2021
Abstract This article studies whether fee-shifting rules can affect plaintiffs’ win rates. Beyond theoretical modeling, this study goes a step further and provides empirical evidence on this issue, thanks to the study of a real change in Spanish legislation. Spain applied the so-called English rule in 2011 in the administrative jurisdiction. This study explores whether plaintiffs were more or less successful when litigating against public administrations since then. After controlling for several other factors, it is shown that the new rule considerably increased plaintiffs’ win rate (while also reducing litigation). The paper also presents a theoretical model explaining that the English rul…
A Model of Positive and Negative Learning
2017
This chapter proposes a model of positive and negative learning (PNL model). We use the term negative learning when stress among students occurs, and when knowledge and abilities are not properly developed. We use the term positive learning if motivation is high and active learning occurs. The PNL model proposes that (a) learning-related demands and resources contribute to learning engagement and burnout, (b) that learning engagement improves critical thinking, which (c) should enhance students’ abilities to detect fake news. Two studies demonstrate the validity of the learning engagement and burnout constructs, and learning-related demands and resources as possible antecedents. Also, criti…
Franco’s dictatorship in recent school textbooks: A critical review
2018
Este artículo analiza de forma panorámica el tratamiento de la dictadura franquista en los manuales escolares españoles de educación primaria, secundaria y bachillerato de los últimos veinte años. Se parte de la siguiente premisa: el tratamiento educativo de un pasado conflictivo y “candente” como el del franquismo debe preocupar de forma especial a la comunidad de investigadores y profesores de Historia, en tanto en cuanto tiene profundas repercusiones potenciales en la construcción de las identidades sociopolíticas de las nuevas generaciones. En este sentido, el artículo, aunque no niega los avances producidos, focaliza su atención en las carencias metodológicas, epistemológicas e interpr…