Search results for "Vehicle"

PUBLIC TRANSPORT IN THE ERA OF AUTOMATISATION AND SHARING ECONOMY

2019

Background. Over half of the world's population lives in urbanized areas, cities emit over 75 % of global greenhouse gases [1]. One of the sources of pollution is transport. Therefore, striving for the development of sustainable transport systems in cities is crucial. Observing global trends in mobility allows noting the development of economy, automation and electrification of the automobile. These tendencies seem to have enormous potential to improve the functioning of transport systems and to maximize economic and environmental effects. Therefore, the aim of this article is to identify the benefits of using low-carbon autonomous vehicles, to spread the sharing mobility and to identify po…

A Low Cost Customizable Micro-ROV for Environmental Research - Applications, Advances and Challenges

2016

Summary Several shallow submarines areas are characterized by considerable releases of hydrocarbon gases, which, during earthquakes or volcanic activity, may suddenly and violently occur. In some instances, changes in chemical and physical properties of gas emissions, which are generated by geothermal systems connected to the volcanoes’ plumbing system, are important precursors of volcanic activity and useful indices for the study of the geothermal field. Furthermore, some superficial structures such faults, landslide slopes or archaeological relics should be studied with such a high detail that geophysical and bathymetric surveys are unable to provide. In response to the needs increasingly…

Connected vehicles : can V2V communication and internet connectivity improve safety?

2016

This study explores the possibilities of V2V communication on vehicles. Starting with a broad overview of the history of vehicle safety, leading up to current safety technologies and then adding digitalization. Many parts of the everyday life became digital in recent years and the most used transportation device–the car–is to some extend already part of it. The latest studies on the subject will be examined and how the car manufacturers picture the near future of cars that are connected. The possibilities are nearly endless; a car could be aware of an upcoming obstacle, also infrastructure such as traffic lights could send information to approaching cars. In addition, the regular Internet c…

Wireless Charging Systems for Electric Vehicle Batteries

The emission reduction potentials of First Generation Electric Aircraft (FGEA) in Finland

2020

Abstract Under the looming climate crisis, aviation needs to find new solutions to cut its greenhouse gas emissions. One pathway towards zero emissions is the use of electric aircraft. While current battery technology will not allow for medium and long-haul flights at full capacity, on short-haul routes First Generation Electric Aircraft (FGEA) could play a significant role in the near future. Current FGEA under development could carry 9–19 passengers on distances of 400–1046 km by 2025. This study focuses on the emissions reduction potentials of FGEA in Finland. It compares the carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2-eq) emissions and real travel times (RTT) from door-to-door of FGEA on 47 routes w…

A prototypal PCB board for the EMI characterization of SiC-based innovative switching devices

2020

In this paper, a preliminary PCB board for the electromagnetic interference (EMI) characterization of innovative silicon-carbide (SiC) based switching devices is presented. Packaging technological issues can determine hurdles in the high-frequency switching and high power regime where wide band gap semiconductors are intended today for Electric Vehicle (EV) applications. In particular, the parasitic inductances that emerge in such devices, must be assessed, by using e.g. EMI techniques. In this specific case, the EMI characterization is supposed to be carried out in a semi-anechoic chamber, available at the University of Palermo (UNIPA), to assess the electromagnetic disturbances according …

Life Cycle Assessment of repurposed electric vehicle batteries: an adapted method based on modelling energy flows

2018

Abstract After their first use in electric vehicles (EVs), the residual capacity of traction batteries can make them valuable in other applications. Although reusing EV batteries remains an undeveloped market, second-use applications of EV batteries are in line with circular economy principles and the waste management hierarchy. Although substantial environmental benefits are expected from reusing traction batteries, further efforts are needed in data collection, modelling the life-cycle stages and calculating impact indicators to propose a harmonized and adapted life-cycle assessment (LCA) method. To properly assess the environmental benefits and drawbacks of using repurposed EV batteries …

Frequency Regulation of Hybrid Power System by Optimized Adaptive Fuzzy PID Controller

2020

In this study, an adaptive fuzzy PID (AFPID) regulator has been proposed for frequency control of hybrid power system. For controller parameter optimization, an upgraded Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) has been employed. In the proposed Upgraded WOA (UWOA) technique, a cosine function is incorporated in the original WOA for determining control parameter to manage the position of whales throughout optimization procedure. Furthermore, scaling factors are employed in original WOA to adjust the travel of whales in search procedure. Proposed UWOA technique is employed to design an AFPID controller for frequency regulation of a hybrid power system It is demonstrated that UWOA technique out per…

Predictive Model of Energy Consumption of a Home

2020

The usage of the renewable energy sources and electric vehicles is rising which might result in a problem with the energy grid stabilization. Some works state that buildings contribute to the overall energy consumption by 20–40% which makes them a great subject to study. Finding solutions for better energy management can have a significant impact on the energy sector. This work focuses on proposing a simplified model of a home considering main appliances, heating and cooling, a photovoltaic system, an electric vehicle and weather and solar irradiance forecasts. The model is created in MATLAB as a simulation script with defined parameters. It uses a 5 day weather forecast to predict energy d…

Reuse of electric vehicle batteries in buildings: An integrated load match analysis and life cycle assessment approach

2019

Abstract The increasing use of renewable energy technologies for electricity generation in buildings will require a growing number of battery energy storage systems (BESS) to enhance the reliability of electricity supply. The increasing number of retired electric vehicle (EV) batteries, expected from the automotive sector, can match this demand as EV batteries can be used as BESS, considering that they have about 80% of their original energy capacity. In this context, the study aims at examining the system, consisting of a BESS made by retired Li-ion EV batteries, a photovoltaic plant (20 kW) and the electricity grid, that provides the electricity required by an existing nearly net zero res…