Search results for "Vowel"
showing 10 items of 62 documents
The internally layered foot in Dutch
2017
AbstractRecent metrical studies have proposed that, under certain circumstances, a weak syllable may be adjoined to a binary foot, giving rise to a minimally recursive foot. Adding to a growing body of research from metrical stress and foot-conditioned phenomena in various languages, the goals of this paper are twofold. First, we aim at providing empirical evidence for internally layered feet based on the distribution of three foot-conditioned processes of Dutch: vowel reduction, glottal stop /ʔ/ insertion and /h/ licensing/deletion. Second, we explore a less studied theoretical and descriptive advantage of internally layered feet: their potential to predict phonological strength distinctio…
Bernoulli effect
2010
Descripción del mecanismo mediante el cual las cuerdas vocales producen los sonidos vocálicos y consonánticos que escuchamos Explanation of the mechanism by which the vocal folds produce the sounds we hear in vowel and voiced consonant.
An extensive pattern of atypical neural speech-sound discrimination in newborns at risk of dyslexia.
2019
Objective: Identifying early signs of developmental dyslexia, associated with deficient speech-sound processing, is paramount to establish early interventions. We aimed to find early speech-sound processing deficiencies in dyslexia, expecting diminished and atypically lateralized event-related potentials (ERP) and mismatch responses (MMR) in newborns at dyslexia risk. Methods: ERPs were recorded to a pseudoword and its variants (vowel-duration, vowel-identity, and syllable-frequency changes) from 88 newborns at high or no familial risk. The response significance was tested, and group, laterality, and frontality effects were assessed with repeated-measures ANOVA. Results: An early positive a…
Coarticulació i harmonia vocàlica en valencià septentrional
2011
L’harmonia vocàlica del valencià és un fenomen pel qual la vocal àtona final a s’assimila a les vocals mitjanes tòniques [ɛ] i [ɔ] precedents (cf. terra [ˈtɛrɛ], cosa [ˈkɔzɔ]). Una de les assumpcions de la bibliografia és que aquesta assimilació s’associa amb l’especial obertura de les vocals mitjanes obertes en valencià. En aquest treball estudiarem dos parlars pertanyents al valencià septentrional —el de Nules, que no presenta harmonia, i el de Borriana, que presenta harmonia únicament en la sèrie velar— per comprovar si, efectivament, l’harmonia implica una major obertura de la vocal [ɔ] en el parlar de Borriana. Amb aquest objectiu analitzarem i compararem els valors dels formants de le…
Automatic and controlled processing of acoustic and phonetic contrasts
2003
Changes in the temporal properties of the speech signal provide important cues for phoneme identification. An impairment or inability to detect such changes may adversely affect one's ability to understand spoken speech. The difference in meaning between the Finnish words tuli (fire) and tuuli (wind), for example, lies in the difference between the duration of the vowel /u/. Detecting changes in the temporal properties of the speech signal, therefore, is critical for distinguishing between phonemes and identifying words. In the current study, we tested whether detection of changes in speech sounds, in native Finnish speakers, would vary as a function of the position within the word that the…
Corpus callosum function in verbal dichotic listening: inferences from a longitudinal follow-up of Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis patients.
2009
This study conducted a follow-up of 13 early-onset slightly disabled Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis (RRMS) patients within an year, evaluating both CC area measurements in a midsagittal Magnetic Resonance (MR) image, and Dichotic Listening (DL) testing with stop consonant vowel (C-V) syllables. Patients showed a significant progressive loss of posterior CC areas (isthmus and splenium) related to increasing EDSS scores and an enhancing right ear advantage (REA) over time. A significant correlation between posterior CC areas and DL scores emerged in both evaluations, being negative for the right and positive for the left ear. The pattern of correlations suggests that the CC can serve …
Acoustical analysis of Spanish vowels produced by laryngectomized subjects.
2001
The purpose of this study was to describe the acoustic characteristics of Spanish vowels in subjects who had undergone a total laryngectomy and to compare the results with those obtained in a control group of subjects who spoke normally. Our results are discussed in relation to those obtained in previous studies with English-speaking laryngectomized patients. The comparison between English and Spanish, which differ widely in the size of their vowel inventories, will help us to determine specific or universal vowel production characteristics in these patients. Our second objective was to relate the acoustic properties of these vowels to the perceptual data obtained in our previous work (J. L…
Are different kinds of acoustic features processed differently for speech and non-speech sounds?
2001
This study examined how changes in different types of acoustic features are processed in the brain for both speech and non-speech sounds. Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded in native Finnish speakers presented with sequences of repetitive vowels (/e/) or complex harmonical tones interspersed with infrequent changes in duration, frequency and either a vowel change (/o/ for vowel sequences) or a double deviant (frequency+duration change for tone sequences). The stimuli were presented monaurally in separate blocks to either the left or right ear. The results showed that speech stimuli were more efficiently processed than harmonical tones as reflected by an enhanced mismatch negativi…
An investigation of prototypical and atypical within-category vowels and non-speech analogues on cortical auditory evoked related potentials (AERPs) …
2011
The present study examined cortical auditory evoked related potentials (AERPs) for the P1-N250 and MMN components in children 9 years of age. The first goal was to investigate whether AERPs respond differentially to vowels and complex tones, and the second goal was to explore how prototypical language formant structures might be reflected in these early auditory processing stages. Stimuli were two synthetic within-category vowels (/y/), one of which was preferred by adult German listeners ("prototypical-vowel"), and analogous complex tones. P1 strongly distinguished vowels from tones, revealing larger amplitudes for the more difficult to discriminate but phonetically richer vowel stimuli. P…
Prominence and centralization: a two-way contrast between lexical and epenthetic non-labial high vowels in Algherese Catalan
2015
Algherese Catalan has the peculiarity of presenting an inserted [i] vowel across words in order to avoid certain consonant codas. In this study, we compare five acoustic features of this epenthetic segment (i.e., duration, intensity, and the three first formants) with those of lexical /i/ vowels, both stressed and unstressed. The results indicate that the three vowels present differences only with respect to duration, F2 and, to a lesser extent, F3. The second formant values decline progressively from the lexical stressed vowels to the inserted unstressed segments, with lexical unstressed segments at an intermediate point. This gradation mirrors the relative prominence of each vowel. The di…