Search results for "Vulnerability"
showing 10 items of 407 documents
The relationship between attachment styles and internalizing/externalizing problems: the mediating role of self-criticism
2019
Many recent studies have explored the potential links between attachment style dimensions, personality vulnerability factors for psychopathology, and psychological and behavioral problems, particularly those along the internalizing and externalizing spectrum. However, previous studies have not examined these links within a structural equation model that can examine multiple predictors and outcomes, and therefore have not fully investigated the specificity of links between these factors. This cross-sectional study examined the mediating role of self-criticism in the relationship between attachment style dimensions and internalizing and externalizing problems. The sample included 420 nonclini…
Revista electrónica de investigación y evaluación educativa
2018
Prevenir la deserción escolar requiere de un trabajo interprofesional que aborde de manera coordinada los múltiples factores individuales, escolares y estructurales que llevan a un joven a dejar la escolarización formal. Este estudio examina la configuración del trabajo interprofesional que se diseña e implementa en dos Departamentos Municipales de Educación en Chile para abordar la inasistencia y deserción de estudiantes en la educación secundaria creciendo en situación de vulnerabilidad social. Los datos fueron producidos a través de entrevistas en profundidad con la participación de 63 personas, incluyendo a profesionales, apoderados y estudiantes. El modelo del primer caso está orienta…
RIU project: Perceived changes by health agents and professionals after a health intervention in an urban area of socioeconomic disadvantage
2014
Objetivo: Describir los cambios percibidos por la población y los profesionales en relación con la salud y el uso de servicios tras la intervención RIU con agentes comunitarios en un barrio vulnerable. Diseño: Estudio descriptivo cualitativo con entrevistas individuales y grupales y observación participante de octubre de 2008 a julio de 2009. Emplazamiento: Barrio Raval (Algemesí-Valencia). Participantes: Selección por muestreo opinático de 7 mujeres agentes de salud, todas las que finalizaron la intervención, y 10 profesionales implicados en la misma. Método: Con las mujeres se mantuvo una entrevista grupal a los 6 meses, y una entrevista grupal y 7 individuales a los 9 meses de intervenci…
A time series study on the effects of heat on mortality and evaluation of heterogeneity into European and Eastern-Southern Mediterranean cities: resu…
2013
Background: The Mediterranean region is particularly vulnerable to the effect of summer temperature. Within the CIRCE project this time-series study aims to quantify for the first time the effect of summer temperature in Eastern-Southern Mediterranean cities and compared it with European cities around the Mediterranean basin, evaluating city characteristics that explain between-city heterogeneity. Methods: The city-specific effect of maximum apparent temperature (Tappmax) was assessed by Generalized Estimation Equations, assuming a linear threshold model. Then, city-specific estimates were included in a random effect meta-regression analysis to investigate the effect modification by several…
Urban MEMS based seismic network for post-earthquakes rapid disaster assessment
2014
Abstract. In this paper, we introduce a project for the realization of the first European real-time urban seismic network based on Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) technology. MEMS accelerometers are a highly enabling technology, and nowadays, the sensitivity and the dynamic range of these sensors are such as to allow the recording of earthquakes of moderate magnitude even at a distance of several tens of kilometers. Moreover, thanks to their low cost and smaller size, MEMS accelerometers can be easily installed in urban areas in order to achieve an urban seismic network constituted by high density of observation points. The network is being implemented in the Acireale Municipality (…
Long term effects of peripubertal stress on excitatory and inhibitory circuits in the prefrontal cortex of male and female mice.
2021
Abstract The impact of stressful events is especially important during early life, because certain cortical regions, especially the prefrontal cortex (PFC), are still developing. Consequently, aversive experiences that occur during the peripubertal period can cause long-term alterations in neural connectivity, physiology and related behaviors. Although sex influences the stress response and women are more likely to develop stress-related psychiatric disorders, knowledge about the effects of stress on females is still limited. In order to analyze the long-term effects of peripubertal stress (PPS) on the excitatory and inhibitory circuitry of the adult PFC, and whether these effects are sex-d…
Individual Differences in Novelty-Seeking and Behavioral Responses to Nicotine: A Review of Animal Studies
2010
Individual differences in the behavioral responses to a novel environment have been proposed as a research tool to predict responsiveness to other behavioral tasks, response to certain events and individual vulnerability to nicotine addiction. In rats and mice, novelty seeking (defined as enhanced specific exploration of novel situations) is a complex behavior confirmed by a large body of neurochemical, endocrinological and behavioral data. We review the main standardized procedures employed to measure the novelty seeking trait in rodents and the ontogeny of this behavior throughout the life-span taking into account that novelty seeking can be permanently modified as a consequence of partic…
Impacts of volcanic hazards on rural communities and adaptative strategies: A case study of the Virunga Volcanic Province (Democratic Republic of Con…
2023
co auteur étranger; International audience; Active volcanoes are a continuous threat for several regions worldwide and cause socio-economic and environmental issues, including the Virunga Volcanic Province (D.R. Congo). There, more than 2 million people are permanently exposed to the hazards of the most active volcanoes in Africa: Nyiragongo and Nyamulagira. However, there is a clear lack of information regarding the impacts of these hazards and how they may be affected by social vulnerability. In this study, a household survey based on semi-structural interviews was performed for rural communities in Virunga. This research aims to (i) investigate the impacts of volcanic hazards on rural co…
Part 3. A question of perspective: The association between intrusive thoughts and obsessionality in 11 countries
2014
Abstract A key assumption of contemporary cognitive-behavioral models of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is that obsessional thoughts exist on a continuum with “normal” unwanted intrusive thoughts. Recently, however, some authors have challenged this notion. The present study aimed to clarify (a) the extent that different types of intrusive thoughts in nonclinical individuals are associated with obsessionality, (b) the relative contribution of frequency, distress and control ratings to obsessionality, and (c) the extent that existing findings (primarily from North American or European samples) generalize to other countries in the world. Five hundred and fifty-four non clinical individua…
Análisis del riesgo de exclusión social en el medio rural: el índice Z como solución «lowcost» a la falta de indicadores sintéticos municipales
2019
Tras la crisis de 2008 el estudio de la exclusión social resulta un objeto recurrente para las investigaciones rurales. Pero las aproximaciones habituales suelen emplear perspectivas de análisis macro (como la tasa AROPE), algo inadecuado cuando el medio rural se caracteriza por su heterogeneidad. Si no reconocemos esta, difícilmente se puede lograr la inclusión social de los individuos y/o familias excluidas en este. Luego resulta clave evidenciar las diferencias territoriales de los fenómenos de exclusión social a nivel micro. Para ello trabajamos con la delimitación que de ruralidad emplean los PDR, y tomamos como casos de estudio los municipios de los GAL-LEADER de la provincia de Valen…