Search results for "WITHDRAWAL"
showing 10 items of 97 documents
Cortical stimulation and reflex excitability of spinal cord neurones in man.
1995
The H reflex technique was used to evaluate the influence exerted by cortical conditioning on the excitability of the alpha-motoneurone pool and on IA interneuronal activity (reciprocal inhibition). In ten subjects at absolute rest electrical and magnetic stimulation of the motor cortex was transcranially applied during flexor carpi radialis H reflex eliciting and in conditions of reciprocal inhibition induced by radial nerve stimulation. The time courses showed that at intensities below motor threshold, electrical brain conditioning induced an increase in the amplitude of the test reflex when the cortical shock was given 4 ms after the test H reflex. On the contrary, reciprocal inhibition …
Ethological analysis of morphine withdrawal with different dependence programs in male mice.
2002
Abstract This work was performed to clarify the differences between a long or short development of morphine dependence as well as between a recently installed or a long-term dependence. Morphine withdrawal in rats is a well-characterized phenomenon but this is not so in mice. A study of the principal withdrawal signs have been performed in mice, evaluating their specificity and particular profile of appearance in each type of dependence. Mice were divided into two groups that received increasing doses of morphine every 24 h, three groups that received increasing doses of morphine twice a day for 3 days, and a control group that received saline. Naloxone-induced opiate withdrawal was evaluat…
Servizi bancari essenziali: il conto corrente
2022
The work proposes an analysis of the various tools that can be invoked to bridge some frictions of the credit system in areas where the banking "service" is characterized by essentiality, such as in the case of bank account. The inefficiency of the traditional code regulations emerges with particular evidence when the recourse to banking intermediation is imposed by specific rules functionality to public interests, as in case of imposed virtual currency payments. The incidence of the cost of the service, often not adequately remunerated by the price, can cause an indiscriminate selection of customers, permitted by contractual rules that authorize the end of the relationship without requirin…
Cannabis and the Mesolimbic System
2016
Abstract Cannabis sativa (hemp) is a flowering annual plant whose phytochemical by-products, hashish and marihuana, are the most widely produced and most frequently used illicit drugs in Europe. Δ 9 -Tetrahydrocannabinol is the primary psychoactive constituent, responsible, in a dose-related manner, for euphoria, cognitive effects, and psychotic symptoms, as well as the addictive potential of smoked cannabis due to its interference with the mesolimbic dopaminergic system. Cannabis as well as endocannabinoids acts mainly at the presynaptic levels in several brain regions, including the nucleus accumbens and ventral tegmental area, where it modulates synaptic activity. Through the modulation …
Nationwide evaluation of day-to-day clinical pharmacists' interventions in German hospitals.
2015
tudy Objective To describe and evaluate the extent and diversity of nationwide data from clinical pharmacists’ interventions (PIs) in German hospitals. Design Retrospective analysis. Data Source The ADKA-DokuPIK German database, a national anonymous self-reported Internet-based documentation system for routine PIs as well as for medication errors reported by German hospital pharmacists. Measurements and Main Results Data sets from ADKA-DokuPIK entered between January 2009 and December 2012 were analyzed descriptively. A total of 27,610 PIs were entered, mainly by ward-based clinical pharmacists (82.5%). Most of the PIs were performed on surgical wards (37.8%), followed by anesthesiology/int…
Preclinical evidence of new opioid modulators for the treatment of addiction.
2010
Addiction to opiates is one of the most severe forms of substance dependence, and despite a variety of pharmacological approaches to treat it, relapse is observed in a high percentage of subjects. New pharmacological compounds are necessary to improve the outcome of treatments and reduce adverse side effects. Moreover, drugs that act on the opioid system can also be of benefit in the treatment of alcohol or cocaine addiction. AREA COVERED BY THIS REVIEW: Recent preclinical studies of pharmacological agents for the treatment of opiate addiction (2008 to the present date).The reader will be informed of the latest drugs shown in animal models to modify dependence on opiates and the reinforcing…
Mpdz is a quantitative trait gene for drug withdrawal seizures
2004
Physiological dependence and associated withdrawal episodes can constitute a powerful motivational force that perpetuates drug use and abuse. Using robust behavioral models of drug physiological dependence in mice, positional cloning, and sequence and expression analyses, we identified an addiction-relevant quantitative trait gene, Mpdz. Our findings provide a framework to define the protein interactions and neural circuit by which this gene's product (multiple PDZ domain protein) affects drug dependence, withdrawal and relapse.
Prophylaxis of hemicrania continua: two new cases effectively treated with topiramate.
2007
Hemicrania continua (HC) is an uncommon and under-recognized primary headache disorder characterized by a strictly unilateral continuous headache of moderate intensity with possible exacerbations and associated with ipsilateral autonomic features. HC has generally a prompt and enduring response to indomethacin although 25% to 50% of treated patients develop gastrointestinal side effects. These cases pose a difficult management challenge as no other drug is consistently effective in HC. Recently 2 HC patients responsive to topiramate treatment have been reported. Here we describe 2 more patients effectively treated with topiramate. Neither reported any side effects and one had persisting res…
Adverse drug reactions in the oral cavity
2012
Several drugs may have a number of adverse reactions (ADRs) involving the oro-facial region. The dose of the drug and the time required for the reaction to take place are relevant parameters; nonetheless, ADRs mechanisms are not always known and ADRs are not always predictable since aspects other than drug pharmacodynamics and/or pharmacokinetics, as well as various interacting variables contribute to the final outcome. All tissues and many functions of the oral cavity can be affected. In particular, salivary function is fre- quently involved and hypo-salivation is the main manifestation; several mucosal lesions with different morphology (ulcerations, vesiculo- bullous lesions, white lesion…
Changing Trends in Drug Prescription and Causes of Treatment Discontinuation of First Biologic Over Ten Years in Psoriasis in the Spanish Biobadaderm…
2020
Background and objectives: Current psoriasis guidelines do not usually include recommendations about first line classical or biologic treatment. The objectives of this study were: to describe shifts in the prescription of the first biological treatment, and to compare treatment withdrawal and rates of adverse events over ten years. Material and methods: Biobadaderm registry was analyzed to describe: first biological prescription in bio-naive patients, adverse events rate and reasons for drug withdrawal comparing three periods of time (2008-2010, 2011-2014, 2015-2018). Results: Anti-TNF drugs were the most prescribed biological drug from 2008 to 2010. Ustekinumab has become the most prescrib…