Search results for "absorptio"

showing 10 items of 2815 documents

Complexation and Electronic Communication between Corannulene-Based Buckybowls and a Curved Truxene-TTF Donor

2017

Abstract: The association behavior of an electron-donating, bowl-shaped, truxene-based tetrathiafulvalene (truxTTF) with two corannulene-based fullerene fragments, C32H12 and C38H14, is investigated in several solvents. Formation of 1:1 complexes is followed by absorption titrations and complemented by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The binding constants are in the range logKa=2.9–3.5. DFT calculations reveal that the most stable arrangement is the conformation in which the 1,3-dithiole ring of truxTTF is placed inside the concave cavity of the corannulene derivative. This arrangement is confirmed experimentally by NMR measurements, and implies that a combination of p–p and C…

Fullerene010405 organic chemistryOrganic ChemistrySupramolecular chemistryQuímica orgánicaGeneral Chemistry010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesCatalysis3. Good health0104 chemical sciencesPhotoexcitationchemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographychemistryCorannuleneUltrafast laser spectroscopyDensity functional theoryAbsorption (chemistry)Tetrathiafulvalene
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Presystemic metabolism and intestinal absorption of antipsoriatic fumaric acid esters.

2003

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. Its treatment is based on the inhibition of proliferation of epidermal cells and interference in the inflammatory process. A new systemic antipsoriasis drug, which consists of dimethylfumarate and ethylhydrogenfumarate in the form of their calcium, magnesium and zinc salts has been introduced in Europe with successful results. In the present study, a homologous series of mono- and diesters of fumaric acid has been studied with respect to the sites and kinetics of presystemic ester degradation using pancreas extract, intestinal perfusate, intestinal homogenate and liver S9 fraction. In addition, intestinal permeability has been determined usi…

Fumaric acidCell Membrane PermeabilitySwineDimethyl FumaratePharmaceutical ScienceBiological AvailabilityPancreatic ExtractsIntestinal absorptionchemistry.chemical_compoundIntestinal mucosaFumaratesmedicineAnimalsHumansPsoriasisPharmacology (medical)Enzyme InhibitorsIntestinal MucosaCells CulturedPharmacologyIntestinal permeabilityDimethyl fumarateMicrovilliGeneral MedicineMetabolismmedicine.diseasePropranololIntestineschemistryBiochemistryS9 fractionAtenololIntestinal AbsorptionLipophilicityCaco-2 CellsLiver ExtractsBiopharmaceuticsdrug disposition
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Study of the potential toxicity of commercial crispy breads by evaluation of bioaccessibility and bioavailability of minor Fusarium mycotoxins

2011

Abstract Enniatins (ENs) are bioactive compounds produced by the secondary metabolism of several Fusarium strains and known to have several biological activities, such as acting as enzyme inhibitors, antifungal and antibacterial agents, and immunomodulatory substances. This study has investigated the ENs bioaccessibility, spiked in commercial wheat crispy bread at 1.5 and 3.0 μmol/g concentrations, their transepithelial transport and bioavailability using Caco-2 cells as a model of the human intestinal epithelium. The content (%) of the four ENs contained in the gastric fluid has resulted variable from 69% to 91%, considering the two concentrations assayed. The mean bioaccessibility data fo…

FusariumBiological AvailabilityFood ContaminationAbsorption (skin)Toxicologychemistry.chemical_compoundFusariumDepsipeptidesHumansFood scienceSecondary metabolismMycotoxinTriticumchemistry.chemical_classificationbiologyGastric fluidBiological TransportBreadGeneral MedicineMycotoxinsbiology.organism_classificationBioavailabilityEnzymechemistryEnvironmental chemistryCaco-2 CellsFood SciencePotential toxicityFood and Chemical Toxicology
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Study of the potential toxicity of enniatins A, A(1), B, B(1) by evaluation of duodenal and colonic bioavailability applying an in vitro method by Ca…

2010

Abstract The bioavailability of the minor Fusarium mycotoxins enniatins (ENs) utilizing an in vitro method which allows the simulation of the small and large intestine tracts has been studied. This method, based on the application of the Caco-2 cells grown alone or in symbiosis with several strains characteristics of the gastrointestinal tract, has permitted to simulate the duodenal and colonic intestinal compartments, respectively. The duodenal bioavailability expressed as absorption value after 4 h of exposure, ranged from 57.7 to 76.8% for EN A, from 68.8 to 70.2% for EN A1, from 65.0 to 67.0% for EN B, and from 62.2 to 65.1% for EN B1. Colonic bioavailability after 48 h of incubation ra…

FusariumColonDuodenumBiological AvailabilityAbsorption (skin)PharmacologyToxicologyRisk AssessmentFusariumDepsipeptidesToxicity TestsmedicineHumansLarge intestineIncubationGastrointestinal tractbiologyChemistryMycotoxinsbiology.organism_classificationIn vitroBioavailabilitymedicine.anatomical_structureIntestinal AbsorptionCaco-2Caco-2 CellsToxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology
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Radiation induced generation of non-bridging oxygen hole center in silica: Intrinsic and extrinsic processes

2007

Abstract The generation of non-bridging oxygen hole center ( Si–O ) was investigated in a wide variety of natural (fused quartz) and synthetic silica samples exposed to different γ- and β-irradiation doses by looking at its optical bands. We distinguish two different generation processes: intrinsic associated with the cleavage of Si–O bond and characterized by a sublinear law and extrinsic due to the conversion of OH precursor characterized by a growth curve with a saturating tendency. The interplay between the two processes and the role of H are discussed.

Fused quartzPhotoluminescenceLuminescencebusiness.industrySettore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentalechemistry.chemical_elementSilicaCrystal structureCondensed Matter PhysicsPhotochemistryCrystallographic defectOxygenElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionAbsorptionOpticsChemical bondchemistrylawMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositesIrradiationDefectbusinessLuminescence
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Indium surfactant effect on AlN/GaN heterostructures grown by metal-organic vapor-phase epitaxy: Applications to intersubband transitions

2006

We report on a dramatic improvement of the optical and structural properties of AlN/GaN multiple quantum wells (MQWs) grown by metal-organic vapor-phase epitaxy using indium as a surfactant. This improvement is observed using photoluminescence as well as x-ray diffraction. Atomic force microscopy shows different surface morphologies between samples grown with and without In. This is ascribed to a modified relaxation mechanism induced by different surface kinetics. These improved MQWs exhibit intersubband absorption at short wavelength (2 mu m). The absorption linewidth is as low as 65 meV and the absorption coefficient is increased by 85%.

GaN/AlN quantumMaterials sciencePhotoluminescencePhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)business.industrySUPERLATTICESSuperlatticeMULTIPLE-QUANTUM WELLSMU-Mchemistry.chemical_elementquantum dotsHeterojunctionRELAXATIONGallium nitrideEpitaxyLAYERSGANchemistryQuantum dotOptoelectronicsbusinessAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Quantum wellIndium
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Sensitivity of the Cherenkov Telescope Array for probing cosmology and fundamental physics with gamma-ray propagation

2021

Full list of authors: Abdalla, H.; Abe, H.; Acero, F.; Acharyya, A.; Adam, R.; Agudo, I; Aguirre-Santaella, A.; Alfaro, R.; Alfaro, J.; Alispach, C.; Aloisio, R.; Batista, R. Alves; Amati, L.; Amato, E.; Ambrosi, G.; Anguner, E. O.; Araudo, A.; Armstrong, T.; Arqueros, F.; Arrabito, L.; Asano, K.; Ascasibar, Y.; Ashley, M.; Backes, M.; Balazs, C.; Balbo, M.; Balmaverde, B.; Baquero Larriva, A.; Martins, V. Barbosa; Barkov, M.; Baroncelli, L.; de Almeida, U. Barres; Barrio, J. A.; Batista, P-, I; Becerra Gonzalez, J.; Becherini, Y.; Beck, G.; Tjus, J. Becker; Belmont, R.; Benbow, W.; Bernardini, E.; Berti, A.; Berton, M.; Bertucci, B.; Beshley, V; Bi, B.; Biasuzzi, B.; Biland, A.; Bissaldi, …

Gamma ray AstronomyCherenkov Telescope ArrayaxionsMATÉRIA ESCURAredshift: dependenceAstronomyGamma ray experimentsgamma ray experimentsAstrophysics01 natural sciencesCosmologyObservatorycosmological model: parameter spacegamma ray experimentHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)astro-ph.HEPhysicsCherenkov telescopes ; IACT technique ; Gamma rays ; Cosmic raysnew physics4. EducationSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsGamma-ray astronomyviolation: Lorentz3. Good healthobservatoryExtragalactic background lightastro-ph.COaxion-like particlesFísica nuclearAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysicsgamma ray: propagationCosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)Active galactic nucleusAxionsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaDark matterFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysicsinvariance: Lorentzjet: relativisticdark matter: halo0103 physical sciencesactive galactic nuclei; gamma ray experiments; axions; extragalactic magnetic fieldsAGNBlazarbackground010308 nuclear & particles physicsFísicaAstronomy and AstrophysicssensitivityCherenkov Telescope Arrayaxionextragalactic magnetic fieldsactive galactic nuclei[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]absorptionstatisticalBlazarsTelescopes
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Estimation of the emission temperature of an electrodeless discharge lamp and determination of the oscillator strength for the I(2P3/2) 183.038 nm re…

2001

Abstract The 183.038 nm resonance absorption transition of I( 2 P 3/2 ) has been studied using a flash photolysis set-up for gas-phase chemistry and a radio frequency powered electrodeless discharge lamp filled with iodine. The dependence of self-absorption and self-reversal on iodine partial pressure in the discharge volume was measured. The optimum iodine partial pressure, with self-absorption minimized and acceptable intensity, is determined to be approximately 2.5×10 −3 mbar. A method is described to estimate the temperature of the emitting atoms using direct measurements of relative absorption at different absorber concentrations. This yields an emission temperature of 923±50 K. Using …

Gas-discharge lampChemistryOscillator strengthAbsorption cross sectionAnalytical chemistryResonancePartial pressureAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsAnalytical Chemistrylaw.inventionlawAtomFlash photolysisAtomic physicsAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)InstrumentationSpectroscopySpectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy
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Morphology controlled nano-structures of an octa(phenoxy)-substituted phthalocyaninato zinc complex: solvent effect on the self-assembly behaviour

2014

The 2,3,9,10,16,17,24,25-octakis(phenoxy)phthalocyaninato zinc, (Zn[Pc(OPh)8]) was fabricated into nano-/micro-structures via solution-phase self-assembly. The self-assembling properties of Zn[Pc(OPh)8] in coordinating and non-coordinating solvents (methanol and n-hexane) have been comparatively studied by electronic absorption, fluorescence, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The conducting properties were evaluated by current–voltage (I–V) measurements. Due mainly to the presence of different intermolecular Zn–O coordination interactions between the Zn[Pc(OPh)…

General Chemical Engineeringchemistry.chemical_elementGeneral ChemistryZincSolventCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundX-ray photoelectron spectroscopychemistryMoleculeOrganic chemistryMethanolAbsorption (chemistry)Fourier transform infrared spectroscopySolvent effectsRSC Adv.
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Quantum chemical modelling of polarons and perovskite solid solutions

2001

Abstract Following our previous study [J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 10 (1998) 6271] of a single Nb impurity and Nb clusters in KTaO 3 , we present results of the calculations for a series of perovskite KNb x Ta 1− x O 3 (KTN) solid solutions ( x =0, 0.125, 0.25, 0.75, 1). The quantum chemical method of the intermediate neglect of the differential overlap (INDO) combined with the large unit cell (LUC) periodic model is used. According to the INDO calculations, Nb impurity becomes off-center in KTaO 3 already at the lowest studied concentrations ( x =0.125), in a good agreement with XAFS measurements. We compare our results with previous ab initio FP-LMTO calculations. Quantum chemical calculati…

General Computer ScienceChemistryAb initioGeneral Physics and AstronomyGeneral ChemistryElectronPolaronMolecular physicsX-ray absorption fine structureComputational MathematicsMechanics of MaterialsImpurityComputational chemistryGeneral Materials ScienceGround statePerovskite (structure)Solid solutionComputational Materials Science
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