Search results for "ammonium"

showing 10 items of 1070 documents

Antioxidant betalains from cactus pear (Opuntia ficus-indica) inhibit endothelial ICAM-1 expression.

2004

It has been suggested that some pigments would have antioxidant properties and that their presence in dietary constituents would contribute to reduce the risk of oxidative stress–correlated diseases. Among others, inflammatory response depends on redox status and may implicate oxidative stress. Vascular endothelial cells are a direct target of oxidative stress in inflammation. We have tested the impact of the free radical scavenger and antioxidant properties of betalains from the prickle pear in an in vitro model of endothelial cells. Here we show the capacity of betalains to protect endothelium from cytokine- induced redox state alteration, through ICAM-1 inhibition. KEYWORDS: endothelial …

Umbilical VeinsAntioxidantEndotheliumICAM-1Pyridinesmedicine.medical_treatmentAnti-Inflammatory AgentsBetalainsInflammationOxidative phosphorylationBiologymedicine.disease_causeModels BiologicalGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyAntioxidantschemistry.chemical_compoundHistory and Philosophy of ScienceSettore BIO/10 - BiochimicamedicineHumansCells CulturedInflammationICAM-1Dose-Response Relationship DrugPlant ExtractsGeneral NeurosciencebetalainOpuntiaFree radical scavengerFlow CytometryIntercellular Adhesion Molecule-1BetaxanthinsQuaternary Ammonium CompoundsOxidative Stressmedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryBiochemistryendothelial cellendothelial cells; ICAM-1; betalains; antiinflammatory drugsCytokinesEndothelium Vascularantiinflammatory drugsmedicine.symptomIndicaxanthinOxidation-ReductionOxidative stressAnnals of the New York Academy of Sciences
researchProduct

Effects of tetraethylammonium ions on frequency-dependent vasopressin release from the rat neurohypophysis.

1988

1. Isolated rat neurohypophyses were fixed by their stalks to a platinum wire electrode and superfused with oxygenated Krebs-HEPES solution. Vasopressin release into the medium was determined by radioimmunoassay. Vasopressin secretion was increased by electrical stimulation at different frequencies (3-30 Hz) and different train lengths (75-900 pulses). The effects of tetraethylammonium (TEA) ions and of enhanced calcium were tested. 2. Electrical stimulation at 7.5 or 15 Hz evoked a markedly larger release of vasopressin than stimulation at 3 Hz. During continuous stimulation at 7.5 and 15 Hz the evoked vasopressin release per pulse declined rapidly, but with similar time constants for both…

Vasopressinmedicine.medical_specialtyTime FactorsPhysiologychemistry.chemical_elementStimulationStimulus (physiology)CalciumIn Vitro Techniqueschemistry.chemical_compoundPituitary Gland PosteriorInternal medicinemedicineExtracellularAnimalsTetraethylammoniumChemistryTetraethylammoniumRadioimmunoassayRats Inbred StrainsTetraethylammonium CompoundsElectric StimulationRatsArginine VasopressinKineticsEndocrinologyVasopressin secretionCalciumFemaleResearch ArticleThe Journal of physiology
researchProduct

Thermolytic reverse electrodialysis heat engine: model development, integration and performance analysis

2019

Abstract Salinity gradient heat engines represent an innovative and promising way to convert low-grade heat into electricity by employing salinity gradient technology in a closed-loop configuration. Among the aqueous solutions which can be used as working fluid, ammonium bicarbonate-water solutions appear very promising due to their capability to decompose at low temperature. In this work, an experimentally validated model for a reverse electrodialysis heat engine fed with ammonium bicarbonate-water solutions was developed. The model consists of two validated sub-models purposely integrated, one for the reverse electrodialysis unit and the other for the stripping/absorption regeneration uni…

Work (thermodynamics)Absorption (acoustics)Settore ING-IND/26 - Teoria Dello Sviluppo Dei Processi ChimiciMaterials science020209 energySettore ING-IND/25 - Impianti ChimiciEnergy Engineering and Power Technology02 engineering and technology7. Clean energyStripping (fiber)020401 chemical engineeringReversed electrodialysis0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering0204 chemical engineeringProcess engineeringHeat engineThermolytic salts Salinity gradient heat engine Regeneration unit Reverse electrodialysis Ammonium bicarbonate solutions Waste heat recoveryRenewable Energy Sustainability and the Environmentbusiness.industry6. Clean waterFuel TechnologyMembraneNuclear Energy and EngineeringExergy efficiencyWorking fluidbusinessEnergy Conversion and Management
researchProduct

Regeneration units for thermolytic salts applications in water & power production: State of the art, experimental and modelling assessment

2021

Abstract Thermolytic solutions are often proposed as high salinity or “draw” stream to generate a chemical potential driving force in Salinity Gradient Power (SGP) and Forward Osmosis (FO) technologies. Depleted “draw” solutions exiting the process can be regenerated by a thermal process powered at very-low grade heat, which is able to decompose the salt into gaseous ammonia and carbon dioxide, which can be stripped and then reabsorbed in the draw solution, restoring its initial concentration. In this work, two different experimental prototypes for the regeneration of ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution were designed, built and tested. The effect of several operating parameters on the reg…

Work (thermodynamics)Settore ING-IND/26 - Teoria Dello Sviluppo Dei Processi ChimiciGeneral Chemical EngineeringForward osmosis02 engineering and technologychemistry.chemical_compound020401 chemical engineeringOsmotic powerGeneral Materials Science0204 chemical engineeringProcess simulationProcess engineeringWater Science and TechnologyHeat enginebusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringHCO3NH4 Osmotic heat engine Heat-to-power RED-HE OHE.General Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAmmonium bicarbonatechemistryScientific methodExergy efficiencyEnvironmental science0210 nano-technologybusiness
researchProduct

RNA dependent DNA polymerase in cells of xeroderma pigmentosum

1971

Abstract Cells from X.P. ∗ skin contain an RNA dependent DNA polymerase, while in cells from normal skin this enzyme is lacking. This finding stimulates the thought that carcinogenesis in X.P. cells is due to an infection with an oncogenic RNA virus.

Xeroderma pigmentosumHepatitis B virus DNA polymeraseDNA polymeraseDNA polymerase IIDeoxyribonucleotidesPolynucleotidesBiophysicsRNA-dependent RNA polymeraseTritiummedicine.disease_causeRauscher VirusBiochemistryMicemedicineAnimalsChemical PrecipitationHumansMolecular BiologySkinchemistry.chemical_classificationXeroderma Pigmentosumintegumentary systembiologyRNA virusDNATemplates GeneticCell BiologyRibonucleotidesmedicine.diseasebiology.organism_classificationVirologyMolecular biologyStimulation ChemicalEnzymechemistryAmmonium SulfateDNA Nucleotidyltransferasesbiology.proteinRNAFemaleGuanosine TriphosphateCarcinogenesisBiochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
researchProduct

CCDC 2127766: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

2022

Related Article: Ivaylo Slavchev, Jas. S. Ward, Kari Rissanen, Georgi M. Dobrikov, Svilen Simeonov|2022|RSC Advances|12|20555|doi:10.1039/D2RA03524C

[4-(3-methylbenzamido)phenyl]methylammonium chlorideSpace GroupCrystallographyCrystal SystemCrystal StructureCell ParametersExperimental 3D Coordinates
researchProduct

Effets simultanés de niveaux croissants de glucose et de pressions partielles en oxygène sur la dénitrification et la réduction dissimilative du nitr…

1998

International audience; Dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) and its importance in comparison to denitrification were studied in soil samples artificially repacked to control water potential and porosity, and incubated for 72 h. Labelled nitrate (100 mg N.kg-’ dry soil, 21.8 % 15N in excess) and increasing levels of glucose-C (250, 500 and 1 000 mg glucose-Ckg-’ dry soil) were initially added to the soil samples to obtain increasing glucose-C/nitrate-N ratios of 2.5,5 and 10, which were then subjected to different 0, partial pressures (0,0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 % (v/v)). The results confirmed the good reproducibility of the experimental condi- tions using this method. Denitrification…

[SDE] Environmental SciencesDenitrificationSoil test[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio][SDV.SA.AGRO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/AgronomySoil Sciencechemistry.chemical_elementMineralogy010501 environmental sciences[SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study01 natural sciencesMicrobiologyOxygenchemistry.chemical_compoundNitrateAmmoniumréduction de nitrateglucoseNitrogen cycle0105 earth and related environmental sciencescarbonregulation04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesPartial pressurerepacked soil core6. Clean water[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]chemistryInsect ScienceEnvironmental chemistry[SDE]Environmental Sciences040103 agronomy & agricultureDenitrification0401 agriculture forestry and fisheriesdissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA)Carbonoxygen
researchProduct

Expression of Sorghum bicolor ammonium transporters upon colonization with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

2012

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are important plant symbionts, trading mineral nutrients beyond the reach of roots, in particular ammonium, in exchange to their host’s photosynthetic products. Sorghum bicolor is one of the world's leading cereal crops, providing food, fibre and fuel across a range of environments and production systems. It has a particular ability to be productive even under strongly adverse conditions, tolerating much more severe drought than most other grain crops. As its genome has recently been sequenced, we have characterized all eight members of the ammonium transporter (AMT) family and studied their expression in different tissues of field-grown plants. While most…

[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio][SDE] Environmental Sciencessorghum bicolorammonium transporters (AMT)[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]fungi[SDE]Environmental Sciencesfood and beverages[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology[SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biologyarbuscular mycorrhizal fungiglomus mosseae
researchProduct

Breakthrough in the α-Perchlorination of Acyl Chlorides

2012

The preparation of -perchloroacyl chlorides, from reaction of the corresponding unfunctionalized acyl halides with chlorine, was efficiently achieved under base-catalysis, using a tetraalkylammonium chloride as catalyst. The process is solvent-free and the procedure is easy, inexpensive, and suitable for scale-up.

acid chlorideacyl chlorides halogenation chlorine base catalysisOrganic Chemistry2Halogenationchemistry.chemical_elementtetralkylammonium chlorideSettore CHIM/06 - Chimica Organicaacyl chloridesacid chloride perchlorination tetralkylammonium chlorideCatalysisAcylationacyl chlorides halogenation chlorine base catalysis 2; 2-dichloroacyl chlorideschemistry2-dichloroacyl chlorideshalogenationchlorineChlorineOrganic chemistryperchlorinationbase catalysis
researchProduct

Acid−Base Properties of Synthetic and Natural Polyelectrolytes: Experimental Results and Models for the Dependence on Different Aqueous Media

2008

Protonation constants of several natural and synthetic humates and fulvates were determined by ISE-H+ potentiometry in different ionic media (alkali metal halides and tetraethylammonium iodide) at different ionic strengths and T ) 298.15 K. Experimental data obtained in previous studies of different synthetic (polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, polyacrylate-co-maleate) and naturally occurring (alginate, humic substances) polycarboxylates were also taken into account in the general analysis of acid-base properties of polyelectrolytes. Protonation constants were expressed as a function of the dissociation degree (R) using three models, namely, a simple linear model, the Ho¨gfeldt three-paramet…

acid-base properiteAcrylate polymerdiprotic-like modelTetraethylammonium iodideGeneral Chemical EngineeringInorganic chemistryHalideIonic bondingProtonationGeneral ChemistryUronic acidAlkali metalPolyelectrolytethermodynamicchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistrySettore CHIM/01 - Chimica AnaliticapolyelectrolyteJournal of Chemical & Engineering Data
researchProduct