Search results for "antineoplastic"
showing 10 items of 2217 documents
Resveratrol as a Chemopreventive Agent: A Promising Molecule for Fighting Cancer
2006
International audience; Resveratrol (3,4',5 tri-hydroxystilbene) is a phytoalexin produced in hudge amount in grapevine skin in response to infection by Bothrytis cinerea. This production of resveratrol blocks the proliferation of the pathogen, thereby acting as a natural antibiotic. Numerous studies have reported interesting properties of trans-resveratrol as a preventive agent against important pathologies i.e. vascular diseases, cancers, viral infection or neurodegenerative processes. Moreover, several epidemiological studies have revealed that resveratrol is probably one of the main microcomponents of wine responsible for its health benefits such as prevention of vaso-coronary diseases …
Radium-223 treatment in castration resistant bone metastatic prostate cancer. Should be the primary tumor always treated?
2019
Introduction: Radium-223 (223Ra) improves symptoms and survival in patients with bone metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Study aim: To evaluate the impact of a previous radical prostatectomy (RP) on the outcome of 223Ra therapy in mCRPC patients. The primary prostate tumor left untreated could progress during 223Ra treatment. Materials and methods: mCRPC symptomatic patients treated with 223Ra were enrolled. Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone analogue was maintained. No other anticancer therapy was given. 223Ra was administered i.v. at the dose of 55 kBq/kg every 4 weeks for 6 cycles. Patients were stratified according to previous RP or not. Hematological toxicity w…
Entrectinib: a potent new TRK, ROS1, and ALK inhibitor
2015
Abstract: Introduction: Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and their signaling pathways, control normal cellular processes; however, their deregulation play important roles in malignant transformation. In advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the recognition of oncogenic activation of specific RTKs, has led to the development of molecularly targeted agents that only benefit roughly 20% of patients. Entrectinib is a pan-TRK, ROS1 and ALK inhibitor that has shown potent anti-neoplastic activity and tolerability in various neoplastic conditions, particularly NSCLC. Areas covered: This review outlines the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, mechanism of action, safety, tolerability, pre-cl…
Targeted Therapy Modulates the Secretome of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts to Induce Resistance in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
2021
The combination of trastuzumab plus pertuzumab plus docetaxel as a first-line therapy in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer has provided significant clinical benefits compared to trastuzumab plus docetaxel alone. However, despite the therapeutic success of existing therapies targeting HER2, tumours invariably relapse. Therefore, there is an urgent need to improve our understanding of the mechanisms governing resistance, so that specific therapeutic strategies can be developed to provide improved efficacy. It is well known that the tumour microenvironment (TME) has a significant impact on cancer behaviour. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are essential components of the…
Novel therapeutic targets in esophageal cancer: impact of chemokine receptor CXCR4
2007
Ines Gockel†, Carl C Schimanski, Markus Moehler & Theodor Junginger †Author for correspondence Johannes GutenbergUniversity of Mainz, Department of General and Abdominal Surgery, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany Tel.: +49 6131 177 291; Fax: +49 6131 176 630; gockel@ach.klinik.unimainz.de ‘The interaction between esophageal cancer-expressed CXCR4 and SDF-1α may have a key role in directing malignant cells to ‘homing’ organs ... thus, this mechanism may account for metastasis.’
SAHA/TRAIL combination induces detachment and anoikis of MDA-MB231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cells
2012
Abstract SAHA, an inhibitor of histone deacetylase activity, has been shown to sensitize tumor cells to apoptosis induced by TRAIL, a member of TNF-family. In this paper we investigated the effect of SAHA/TRAIL combination in two breast cancer cell lines, the ERα−positive MCF-7 and the ERα−negative MDA-MB231. Treatment of MDA-MB231 and MCF-7 cells with SAHA in combination with TRAIL caused detachment of cells followed by anoikis, a form of apoptosis which occurs after cell detachment, while treatment with SAHA or TRAIL alone did not produce these effects. The effects were more evident in MDA-MB231 cells, which were chosen for ascertaining the mechanism of SAHA/TRAIL action. Our results show…
Electrochemotherapy for advanced cutaneous angiosarcoma: A European register-based cohort study from the International Network for Sharing Practices …
2019
Abstract Background Cutaneous angiosarcoma (cAS) is a highly aggressive malignancy that challenges the radicality of surgical treatment. Electrochemotherapy (ECT), a skin-directed treatment based on cytotoxic chemotherapy combined with local electric pulses, may be an intraoperative adjunct and a new opportunity in the therapeutic strategy. This cohort study reports the experience with ECT as an option. Methods Data on patients with locally-advanced/metastatic cAS who underwent ECT between October 2013 and October 2018 at eight European centres were prospectively submitted to the InspECT (International network for sharing practices of ECT) register. Patients received therapy according to th…
The actual management of colorectal liver metastases
2020
Colorectal cancer is one of the most frequent cancers in the world and between 50% and 60% of patients will develop colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) during the disease. There have been great improvements in the management of CRLM during the last decades. The combination of modern chemotherapeutic and biological systemic treatments with aggressive surgical resection strategies is currently the base for the treatment of patients considered unresectable until few years ago. Furthermore, several new treatments for the local control of CRLM have been developed and are now part of the arsenal of multidisciplinary teams for the treatment of these complex patients. The aim of this review was to s…
Rare Cancers Europe (RCE) methodological recommendations for clinical studies in rare cancers: A European consensus position paper
2015
While they account for one-fifth of new cancer cases, rare cancers are difficult to study. A higher than average degree of uncertainty should be accommodated for clinical as well as for population-based decision making. Rules of rational decision making in conditions of uncertainty should be rigorously followed and would need widely informative clinical trials. In principle, any piece of new evidence would need to be exploited in rare cancers. Methodologies to explicitly weigh and combine all the available evidence should be refined, and the Bayesian logic can be instrumental to this end. Likewise, Bayesian-design trials may help optimize the low number of patients liable to be enrolled in …
Risk of scleroderma according to the type of immune checkpoint inhibitors
2020
Abstract Introduction Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are associated with immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Among them, ICIs-induced systemic sclerosis (SSc) is poorly known. Methods To better characterize this irAE, our comprehensive approach combined the description of ICIs-induced scleroderma cases, the systematic review of the literature and the analysis of VigiBase, the WHO pharmacovigilance database. Results We identified two cases with underlying limited cutaneous SSc who presented a dramatic increase in the skin thickening following pembrolizumab, associated with scleroderma renal crisis in one case. In the literature, four cases of scleroderma and four cases of morphea hav…