Search results for "artery disease"
showing 10 items of 652 documents
Accumulation of remnant-like particles in normolipidemic men with premature coronary artery disease
2003
Correlation Between Smoking Paradox and Heart Rhythm Outcomes in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease Receiving Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
2022
BackgroundThe effect of smoking on short-term outcomes among patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is controversial. However, little is known about the impact of smoking on long-term outcomes in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) who receive PCI.MethodsA total of 2,044 patients with stable CAD undergoing PCI were evaluated. They were divided into two groups according to smoking status (current smokers vs. non-smokers). Baseline characteristics, exposed risk factors, angiographic findings, and interventional strategies were assessed to compare the long-term clinical outcomes between groups. Predictors for myocardial in…
Atherogenic dyslipidemia and oxidative stress: a new look
2009
Although results from in vitro studies and clinical trials demonstrate strong associations between oxidative stress and cardiovascular risk, to date still no convincing data are available to suggest that treatment with antioxidants might reduce vascular events. Oxidative modifications of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) represent an early stage of atherosclerosis, and small, dense LDL are more susceptible to oxidation than larger, more buoyant particles. Oxidized LDL are independent predictors of subclinical and clinical atherosclerosis. Recent studies suggested that novel therapeutic strategies may take into account the removal of such particles from circulation. Future research is required …
Further evaluation of plasma sphingomyelin levels as a risk factor for coronary artery disease
2006
Abstract Background Sphingomyelin (SM) is the major phospholipid in cell membranes and in lipoproteins. In human plasma, SM is mainly found in atherogenic lipoproteins; thus, high levels of SM may promote atherogenesis. Methods We investigated in a median follow up of 6.0 years the association of SM with the incidence of a combined endpoint (myocardial infarction and cardiovascular death) in stable and unstable patients, and its relation to other marker of atherosclerosis in 1,102 patients with angiographically documented CAD and 444 healthy controls. Results and discussion Logistic regression analysis showed that SM categorized by median was associated with an elevated risk for CAD (HR 3.2…
Predicting mortality with cardiac troponins: recent insights from meta-analyses.
2019
Abstract The introduction of cardiac troponin (cTn) testing in clinical practice has been one of the most important breakthroughs that have occurred in the recent history of laboratory medicine. Although it is now uncontestable that cTn values are essential for diagnosing acute coronary syndrome (ACS), solid evidence is also emerging that assessment of either cardiac troponin I (cTnI) or T (cTnT) may provide valuable prognostic information in the general healthy population, as well as in patients with a vast array of cardiac and extra-cardiac diseases. We have hence performed a critical review of the scientific literature for identifying meta-analyses which have investigated the potential c…
Acute Coronary Syndrome in the Older Patient
2021
Coronary artery disease is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality, and its prevalence increases with age. The growing number of older patients and their differential characteristics make its management a challenge in clinical practice. The aim of this review is to summarize the state-of-the-art in diagnosis and treatment of acute coronary syndromes in this subgroup of patients. This comprises peculiarities of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) management, updated evidence of non-STEMI therapeutic strategies, individualization of antiplatelet treatment (weighting ischemic and hemorrhagic risks), as well as assessment of geriatric conditions and ethical issues in…
Coronary Revascularization and Long-Term Survivorship in Chronic Coronary Syndrome
2021
Ischemic heart disease (IHD) persists as the leading cause of death in the Western world. In recent decades, great headway has been made in reducing mortality due to IHD, based around secondary prevention. The advent of coronary revascularization techniques, first coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery in the 1960s and then percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in the 1970s, has represented one of the major breakthroughs in medicine during the last century. The benefit provided by these techniques, especially PCI, has been crucial in lowering mortality rates in acute coronary syndrome (ACS). However, in the setting where IHD is most prevalent, namely chronic coronary syndrome (CC…
Non-invasive visualisation of coronary atherosclerosis: state-of-art.
2007
Coronary artery disease remains the leading cause of death in the Western world. Non-invasive coronary artery imaging challenges any diagnostic modality because the coronary arteries are small and tortuous, whereas cardiac contraction and respiration cause motion artifacts. Therefore, non-invasive coronary imaging requires high spatial and temporal resolution. This review discusses the feasible applications in coronary imaging of magnetic resonance imaging and multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT), which are currently the only non-invasive diagnostic modalities for direct coronary atherosclerosis imaging. Particular attention and focus is devoted to the potential indications and clinical i…
Up-and-Coming Markers: Myeloperoxidase, a Novel Biomarker Test for Heart Failure and Acute Coronary Syndrome Application?
2008
Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a mammalian enzyme responsible for generation of hypochlorite. The advantage of myeloperoxidase for use as a biomarker in the setting of heart failure and acute coronary syndrome is the early increase of MPO concentration in response to the acute event. In the setting of heart failure the reported independency of coronary artery disease and general inflammation, as indicated by MPO concentration in comparison to other inflammatory markers or in subgroups of patients with ischemic and non-ischemic cardiomyopathy, has to be highlighted. In terms of ACS, inclusion of MPO into a multiple marker strategy might add to enhance diagnosis and therapy decision making. Therefo…