Search results for "atomic"

showing 10 items of 27529 documents

Evolution of microstructure and related optical properties of ZnO grown by atomic layer deposition.

2013

A study of transmittance and photoluminescence spectra on the growth of oxygen-rich ultra-thin ZnO films prepared by atomic layer deposition is reported. The structural transition from an amorphous to a polycrystalline state is observed upon increasing the thickness. The unusual behavior of the energy gap with thickness reflected by optical properties is attributed to the improvement of the crystalline structure resulting from a decreasing concentration of point defects at the growth of grains. The spectra of UV and visible photoluminescence emissions correspond to transitions near the band-edge and defect-related transitions. Additional emissions were observed from band-tail states near th…

optical propertiesPhotoluminescenceMaterials scienceBand gapGeneral Physics and AstronomyNanotechnology02 engineering and technologylcsh:Chemical technology010402 general chemistrylcsh:Technology01 natural sciencesFull Research PaperAtomic layer depositionCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceTransmittance[CHIM]Chemical SciencesNanotechnologylcsh:TP1-1185General Materials ScienceElectrical and Electronic EngineeringThin filmlcsh:ScienceComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSlcsh:Tbusiness.industry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyMicrostructurelcsh:QC1-9990104 chemical sciencesAmorphous solidNanosciencethin filmsatomic layer depositionZnOOptoelectronicslcsh:QphotoluminescenceCrystallite0210 nano-technologybusinesslcsh:PhysicsBeilstein journal of nanotechnology
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Optical and structural properties of Al 2 O 3 /ZnO nanolaminates deposited by ALD method

2014

International audience; We report on the investigation of optical and structural properties of Al2O3/ZnO nanolaminates. The nanolaminates were deposited on Si and glass substrates by Atomic layer deposition method. Structural properties of nanolaminates were studied by SEM, GIXRD, and AFM. Optical characterization was performed by transmittance and photoluminescence spectroscopy. Complex analysis of monolayer properties was done by ellipsometry. Optical constants for Al2O3 and ZnO monolayer were calculated.

optical propertiesPhotoluminescenceMaterials sciencebusiness.industryAtomic force microscopyAnalytical chemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsCharacterization (materials science)Atomic layer depositionALDEllipsometryMonolayerTransmittance[CHIM]Chemical SciencesOptoelectronicsnanolaminatesphotoluminescencebusinessSpectroscopyellipsometryphysica status solidi c
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Atomic layer deposition of AlN from AlCl3 using NH3 and Ar/NH3 plasma

2018

The atomic layer deposition (ALD) of AlN from AlCl3 was investigated using a thermal process with NH3 and a plasma-enhanced (PE)ALD process with Ar/NH3 plasma. The growth was limited in the thermal process by the low reactivity of NH3, and impractically long pulses were required to reach saturation. Despite the plasma activation, the growth per cycle in the PEALD process was lower than that in the thermal process (0.4A ° vs 0.7A ° ). However, the plasma process resulted in a lower concentration of impurities in the films compared to the thermal process. Both the thermal and plasma processes yielded crystalline films; however, the degree of crystallinity was higher in the plasma process. The…

optical propertiescrystal structureMaterials scienceSiliconta221Analytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technologyoptiset ominaisuudet01 natural sciencespiezoelectric filmsAtomic layer depositionCrystallinityImpurity0103 physical sciencesWaferta216010302 applied physicsta114Plasma activationWide-bandgap semiconductorSurfaces and InterfacesPlasmaatomikerroskasvatus021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsSurfaces Coatings and Filmsdermatologychemistryatomic layer deposition0210 nano-technologyJournal of Vacuum Science and Technology A
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Insight into mechanisms of creatinine optical sensing using fluorescein-gold complex

2022

Abstract Creatinine level in biological fluids is a clinically relevant parameter to monitor vital functions and it is well assessed that measuring creatinine levels in the human body can be of great utility to evaluate renal, muscular, or thyroid dysfunctions. The accurate detection of creatinine levels may have a critical role in providing information on health status and represents a tool for the early diagnosis of severe pathologies. Among different methods for creatinine detection that have been introduced and that are evolving with increasing speed, fluorescence-based and colorimetric sensors represent one of the best alternatives, thanks to their affordability, sensitivity and easy r…

optical sensingNylonsfluoresceinCreatinineHumansColorimetryGeneral Materials ScienceGoldInstrumentationSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)SpectroscopyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSettore CHIM/02 - Chimica FisicaMethods and Applications in Fluorescence
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Properties of Gd-Doped Sol-Gel Silica Glass Radioluminescence under Electron Beams

2022

International audience; The radiation-induced emission (RIE) of Gd3+-doped sol–gel silica glass has been shown to have suitable properties for use in the dosimetry of beams of ionizing radiation in applications such as radiotherapy. Linear electron accelerators are commonly used as clinical radiotherapy beams, and in this paper, the RIE properties were investigated under electron irradiation. A monochromator setup was used to investigate the light properties in selected narrow wavelength regions, and a spectrometer setup was used to measure the optical emission spectra in various test configurations. The RIE output as a function of depth in acrylic was measured and compared with a reference…

optiset kuidut[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]optical fiberLuminescencedosimetryradiation-induced luminescencepulsed electron beamluminesenssiElectronsvaimennuselectron acceleratorBiochemistryAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticspoint dosimeterAnalytical Chemistrydosimetry; electron accelerator; optical fiber; point dosimeter; pulsed electron beam; radiation-induced attenuation; radiation-induced luminescenceradiation-induced attenuationdosimetritGlassElectrical and Electronic EngineeringParticle AcceleratorsRadiometryInstrumentation
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Unravelling the Intertwined Atomic and Bulk Nature of Localised Excitons by Attosecond Spectroscopy

2021

The electro-optical properties of most semiconductors and insulators of technological interest are dominated by the presence of electron-hole quasi-particles, called excitons. The manipulation of excitons in dielectrics has recently received great attention, with possible applications in different fields including optoelectronics and photonics. Here, we apply attosecond transient reflection spectroscopy in a sequential two-foci geometry and observe sub-femtosecond dynamics of a core-level exciton in bulk MgF2 single crystals. Furthermore, we access absolute phase delays, which allow for an unambiguous comparison with theoretical calculations. Our results show that excitons surprisingly exhi…

optoelectronicsAttosecondphotonicsAttosecond dynamicsGeneral Physics and AstronomyPhysics::Optics02 engineering and technologysemiconductorsTransient reflectivity01 natural sciencesSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaUltrafast photonicsPhysicsMultidisciplinaryCondensed matter physicsQCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyfemtosecond optical Stark effectdielectricsStark effectFemtosecondsymbols0210 nano-technologyPhysics - OpticsElectronic properties and materialsattosecondexcitonsScienceExcitonFOS: Physical sciencesArticleGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyCondensed Matter::Materials Sciencesymbols.namesakeMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters010306 general physicsSpectroscopyCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physicsbusiness.industryGeneral ChemistryCore excitonselectro-optical propertiesSemiconductorPhotonicsbusinessUltrashort pulseelectron-hole quasi-particlesOptics (physics.optics)
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4,4'-[Thiophene-2,5-diylbis(ethyne-2,1-diyl)]dibenzonitrile

2008

In the solid state, the title compound, C(22)H(10)N(2)S, forms centrosymmetric dimers by pairs of non-classical C-H⋯S hydrogen bonds linking approximately coplanar mol-ecules. The benzene ring involved in this inter-action makes a dihedral angle of only 7.21 (16)° with the thio-phene ring, while the other benzene ring is twisted somewhat out of the plane, with a dihedral angle of 39.58 (9)°. The hydrogen-bonded dimers stack on top of each other with an inter-planar spacing of 3.44 Å. C-H⋯N hydrogen bonds link together stacks that run in approximately perpendicular directions. Each mol-ecule thus inter-acts with 12 adjacent mol-ecules, five of them approaching closer than the sum of the van …

optoelectronicsmolecular electronicsSolid-state.Dihedral angle010402 general chemistryRing (chemistry)BioinformaticsOrganic Papers01 natural sciencesnanoelectronicsFaculdade de Ciências Exatas e da Engenhariasymbols.namesakechemistry.chemical_compound44000-[Thiophene-25-diylbis(ethyne-21diyl)]dibenzonitrilePerpendicularPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersGeneral Materials ScienceVan der Waals radiusPhysics::Chemical PhysicsBenzene010405 organic chemistryChemistryHydrogen bondGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter Physics3. Good health0104 chemical sciencesCrystallographysymbolsorganic compoundsActa Crystallographica Section E: Crystallographic Communications
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Covalent Protein Binding of Vinyl Chloride Metabolites During Co-Incubation of Freshly Isolated Hepatocytes and Hepatic Sinusoidal Cells of Rats

1983

Proteins of isolated rat hepatic sinusoidal cells incubated with 14C-vinyl chloride, rat liver microsomes and an NADPH-regenerating system were alkylated by vinyl chloride metabolites formed by microsomes. This suggests that reactive vinyl chloride metabolites can penetrate sinusoidal cells. Protein alkylation in isolated hepatic sinusoidal cells was higher when these were co-incubated with isolated hepatocytes, indicating that reactive vinyl chloride metabolites formed by hepatocytes are stable enough to diffuse out of hepatocytes into sinusoidal cells. Glutathione added to the incubation medium inhibited the covalent protein binding of vinyl chloride metabolites in sinusoidal cells as wel…

organic chemicalsCelltechnology industry and agricultureGlutathioneChlorideVinyl chloridechemistry.chemical_compoundmedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryBiochemistryIn vivoCovalent bondmedicineMicrosomeProtein alkylationmedicine.drug
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C1,α-regularity for variational problems in the Heisenberg group

2017

We study the regularity of minima of scalar variational integrals of $p$-growth, $1<p<\infty$, in the Heisenberg group and prove the H\"older continuity of horizontal gradient of minima.

osittaisdifferentiaaliyhtälötNumerical AnalysisregularityHeisenberg groupsApplied Mathematicsp-Laplacian010102 general mathematicsScalar (mathematics)subelliptic equationsHölder condition01 natural sciences35H20 35J70010101 applied mathematicsMaxima and minimaMathematics - Analysis of PDEsweak solutionsPhysics::Atomic and Molecular Clustersp-LaplacianHeisenberg group0101 mathematicsAnalysisMathematical physicsMathematicsAnalysis &amp; PDE
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Oxymetazoline modulates proinflammatory cytokines and the T‐cell stimulatory capacity of dendritic cells

2007

The nasal decongestant oxymetazoline (OMZ) is frequently used in the topical treatment of rhinitis/sinusitis. As proinflammatory cytokines play a critical role in the development and maintenance of local inflammation, the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of OMZ on immune cells in order to diminish the mucosal infiltration of the nose. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from buffy coats of healthy volunteers were isolated and stimulated in the presence or absence of OMZ. In addition, monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DC) were generated and different concentrations of OMZ were added. DC phenotype and their T-cell stimulatory properties were analysed. The vasoactive su…

oxymetazolinemedicine.medical_treatmentT cellT-LymphocytesInflammationEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayDermatologyimmunomodulationLymphocyte ActivationBiochemistryProinflammatory cytokinerhinitismedicineHumansAntigen-presenting cellMolecular BiologyCells CulturedDose-Response Relationship Drugbusiness.industryImmunomagnetic SeparationDendritic cellDendritic CellsFlow CytometryNasal decongestantNasal DecongestantsCytokinemedicine.anatomical_structureImmunologyproinflammatory cytokinesLeukocytes MononuclearCytokinesTumor necrosis factor alphaOriginal Articlemedicine.symptombusinessExperimental Dermatology
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