Search results for "basement membrane"

Fibrosis is not just fibrosis - basement membrane modelling and collagen metabolism differs between hepatitis B- and C-induced injury

2016

BACKGROUND: While morphological patterns differ, the molecular phenotype of liver fibrosis is considered a stereotypical response to chronic liver injury. However, with different cellular triggers and networks regulating fibrosis, the molecular responses of the injured liver may not be identical.AIM: To investigate whether differences in extracellular matrix (ECM) composition of the liver during fibrogenesis in two seemingly similar types of viral hepatitis could be reflected by differences in ECM turnover.METHODS: Utilising a cross-sectional design, we measured specific ECM protein fragments in plasma from 197 chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients and 403 chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients ma…

Manifestation and ultrastructural typing of amyloid deposits in the heart

1983

Using light and electron microscopy, 65 cases of amyloid deposits in the heart were examined. Five different groups were distinguished: I. isolated atrial amyloidosis, II. senile cardiac amyloidosis, III. cardiac amyloid accompanying chronic infections and tumors, IV. cardiac amyloid accompanying plasma cell dyscrasia, V. idiopathic cardiac amyloidosis. Seen structurally, no principal differences in the precise localization of the amyloid deposits were found in any of the groups investigated. Amyloid is always deposited in the vicinity of cells with myocytic cell differentiation (i.e. the heart muscle cells, non-striated muscle cells of the vessels), whereby the relevant basement membranes …

Aging changes of the ciliary epithelium border layers and their significance for intraocular pressure.

1971

Microvascular injury and repair in acute human bacterial pyelonephritis.

1987

Acute inflammatory cell-capillary endothelial cell interactions, related to injury and repair, were investigated light and electron microscopically in acute human bacterial pyelonephritis. In inflammatory infiltrate-adjacent microvessels, the small capillaries were completely occluded by leukocyte plugs and the large capillaries were densely filled with acute inflammatory cells adhering to the endothelium. Severe damage to small and large capillaries was observed around endothelium adherent, degranulated neutrophil granulocytes containing phagocytosed bacteria. There were spaces in the endothelium, degradation of the vascular basement membrane, of the perivascular interstitial matrix and of…

Ultrastructural study on human lung in alveolitis versus pulmonary fibrosis

1993

Lung specimens of 21 patients with diffuse interstitial lung disease were examined. The present ultrastructural study outlines the topography and distribution of inflammatory changes in the interstitium, endothelium, and in pneumocytes and phagocytes. Alveolitis is characterized by marked regenerative activity of type II pneumocytes (cuboid metaplasia), intraluminal macrophage accumulation, endothelial swelling, multilamination of the endothelial basement membrane, pericapillary edema, and primarily by cellular infiltrates in the interstitial space. The most prominent feature of the interstitium in pulmonary fibrosis is the lack of immunoinflammatory cells. In some areas there is a marked a…

IgG Subclass Distribution of Autoantibodies to Glomerular Basement Membrane in Goodpasture’s Syndrome Compared to Other Autoantibodies

1988

The IgG subclass distribution of autoantibodies to glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM antibodies) was investigated and compared to the distribution of liver-kidney microsomal (LKM) autoantibodies in chronic active hepatitis, to antimitochondrial autoantibodies (AMA) in primary biliary cirrhosis, and to the subclass distribution of total serum IgG within a healthy population. Solid phase assays for the demonstration of these autoantibodies were performed with four mouse monoclonal antibodies specific for each human subclass to provide quantitative data for the autoantibodies. In addition, the subclass distribution of total IgG in these sera was analyzed. IgG1 accounted for 75% of the tot…

Goodpasture Antigen-binding Protein (GPBP) Directs Myofibril Formation

2011

Goodpasture antigen-binding protein-1 (GPBP-1) is an exportable non-conventional Ser/Thr kinase that regulates glomerular basement membrane collagen organization. Here we provide evidence that GPBP-1 accumulates in the cytoplasm of differentiating mouse myoblasts prior to myosin synthesis. Myoblasts deficient in GPBP-1 display defective myofibril formation, whereas myofibrils assemble with enhanced efficiency in those overexpressing GPBP-1. We also show that GPBP-1 targets the previously unidentified GIP130 (GPBP-interacting protein of 130 kDa), which binds to myosin and promotes its myofibrillar assembly. This report reveals that GPBP-1 directs myofibril formation, an observation that expa…

Glomerular basement membrane: evidence for collagenous domain of the alpha 3 and alpha 4 chains of collagen IV.

1990

Abstract A collagenous component(s) of Mr = 60K was extracted from glomerular basement membrane with urea and was purified. Upon digestion, it yielded a collagenase-resistant fragment(s) of Mr = 23.5K. Both component and fragment showed immunochemical identity with the noncollagenous domains of the new α3 & α4 chains of collagen IV. The component is characterized by a collagenous domain of about 280 residues and a noncollagenous domain of about 250 residues. These findings further establish these new chains as distinct entities of collagen IV.

Antiglomerular basement membrane antibodies in human sera: Detection by a modified micro-ELISA

1985

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detection of antibodies to human glomerular basement membrane has been developed. Special emphasis has been put on the choice of microtiter plates which were coated with a collagenase digest of human glomerular basement membrane. Results differed markedly between the different microtiter plates. Best results were obtained with a flexible polyvinylchloride microtiter plate with flat wells (Dynatec). This plate exhibited the highest positive/negative ratio and the lowest intraassay standard deviation. Optimal conditions for each step in the ELISA have been determined. The assay proved to be specific, sensitive, and reproducible. Circulating ant…

Characterization of cells involved in the formation of granuloma. An ultrastructural study on macrophages, epitheloid cells, and giant cells in exper…

1981

In experimental tubulo-interstitial (anti-basement membrane) nephritis of the rat, granulomatous inflammation develops around immunologically altered tubular basement membranes. The present light- and electron microscopic studies indicate that in the course of the granulomatous reaction, tissue monocytes evolve from blood monocytes and pursue two independent pathways of differentation. On the one hand they may differentiate into macrophages ("distant from tubules") or, alternatively, into epitheloid cells ("adjacent to tubules"). The latter, through cell fusion, develop into multinucleated giant cells of the Langhans' type. The cytoplasmic components of the epitheloid cells and the multinuc…