Search results for "cognition"
showing 10 items of 7054 documents
Sex-specific signatures of intrinsic hippocampal networks and regional integrity underlying cognitive status in multiple sclerosis
2021
Abstract The hippocampus is an anatomically compartmentalized structure embedded in highly wired networks that are essential for cognitive functions. The hippocampal vulnerability has been postulated in acute and chronic neuroinflammation in multiple sclerosis, while the patterns of occurring inflammation, neurodegeneration or compensation have not yet been described. Besides focal damage to hippocampal tissue, network disruption is an important contributor to cognitive decline in multiple sclerosis patients. We postulate sex-specific trajectories in hippocampal network reorganization and regional integrity and address their relationship to markers of neuroinflammation, cognitive/memory per…
A Shape-based Statistical Method to Retrieve 2D TRUS-MR Slice Correspondence for Prostate Biopsy
2012
International audience; This paper presents a method based on shape-context and statistical measures to match interventional 2D Trans Rectal Ultrasound (TRUS) slice during prostate biopsy to a 2D Magnetic Resonance (MR) slice of a pre-acquired prostate volume. Accurate biopsy tissue sampling requires translation of the MR slice information on the TRUS guided biopsy slice. However, this translation or fusion requires the knowledge of the spatial position of the TRUS slice and this is only possible with the use of an electro-magnetic (EM) tracker attached to the TRUS probe. Since, the use of EM tracker is not common in clinical practice and 3D TRUS is not used during biopsy, we propose to per…
Deep-learning based reconstruction of the shower maximum X max using the water-Cherenkov detectors of the Pierre Auger Observatory
2021
The atmospheric depth of the air shower maximum $X_{\mathrm{max}}$ is an observable commonly used for the determination of the nuclear mass composition of ultra-high energy cosmic rays. Direct measurements of $X_{\mathrm{max}}$ are performed using observations of the longitudinal shower development with fluorescence telescopes. At the same time, several methods have been proposed for an indirect estimation of $X_{\mathrm{max}}$ from the characteristics of the shower particles registered with surface detector arrays. In this paper, we present a deep neural network (DNN) for the estimation of $X_{\mathrm{max}}$. The reconstruction relies on the signals induced by shower particles in the groun…
How long is the sign?
2015
AbstractThis paper deals with the relative empirical length of signs in sign languages and provides evidence for the view that they are actually longer units than has hitherto been recognized. The evidence is presented from two perspectives: those of sign articulation and sign recognition. Concerning sign articulation, it is suggested that signs are longer units than is currently assumed because most of the structural features of signs are in fact already present before the currently accepted beginnings of signs and they continue after signs' generally accepted endings. Concerning sign recognition, the longer view of the sign is proposed on the grounds that the recognition point of signs is…
Image inpainting using directional wavelet packets originating from polynomial splines
2020
The paper presents a new algorithm for the image inpainting problem. The algorithm is using a recently designed versatile library of quasi-analytic complex-valued wavelet packets (qWPs) which originate from polynomial splines of arbitrary orders. Tensor products of 1D qWPs provide a diversity of 2D qWPs oriented in multiple directions. For example, a set of the fourth-level qWPs comprises 62 different directions. The properties of the presented qWPs such as refined frequency resolution, directionality of waveforms with unlimited number of orientations, (anti-)symmetry of waveforms and windowed oscillating structure of waveforms with a variety of frequencies, make them efficient in image pro…
A Multi-Projector Calibration Method for Virtual Reality Simulators with Analytically Defined Screens
2017
The geometric calibration of projectors is a demanding task, particularly for the industry of virtual reality simulators. Different methods have been developed during the last decades to retrieve the intrinsic and extrinsic parameters of projectors, most of them being based on planar homographies and some requiring an extended calibration process. The aim of our research work is to design a fast and user-friendly method to provide multi-projector calibration on analytically defined screens, where a sample is shown for a virtual reality Formula 1 simulator that has a cylindrical screen. The proposed method results from the combination of surveying, photogrammetry and image processing approac…
Evaluation and Self-Evaluation in Simultaneous Translation: Assessments Methods
2012
Abstract The nature of evaluation and self-evaluation in simultaneous interpretation is based on the close connection between the main text (the version proposed by the speaker) and the interpreter's version. Between these two elements a number of variables emerge, that can damage the efficiency and the accuracy of simultaneous interpretation. The intention of our study is to propose a set of scientific methods and tools in order to offer to the interpreter the possibility of a self-assessment and the benefit of an appropriate evaluation of his work. In order to achieve these goals we used several methods, including experiments, case studies, questionnaires, evaluation scales. Research subj…
Constructing co-presence through shared VR gameplay
2021
This study analyzes how participants playing VR games construct co-presence and shared gameplay. The analysis focuses on instances of play where one person is wearing the VR equipment, and other participants are located nearby without the ability to directly interact with the game. We first show how the active player using the VR equipment draws on talk and embodied activity to signal their presence in the shared physical environment, while simultaneously conducting actions in the virtual space, and thus creates spaces for the other participants to take part in gameplay. Second, we describe how other participants draw on the contextual configurations of the moment in displaying co-presen…
Space-by-Time Modular Decomposition Effectively Describes Whole-Body Muscle Activity During Upright Reaching in Various Directions
2017
The modular control hypothesis suggests that motor commands are built from precoded modules whose specific combined recruitment can allow the performance of virtually any motor task. Despite considerable experimental support, this hypothesis remains tentative as classical findings of reduced dimensionality in muscle activity may also result from other constraints (biomechanical couplings, data averaging or low dimensionality of motor tasks). Here we assessed the effectiveness of modularity in describing muscle activity in a comprehensive experiment comprising 72 distinct point-to-point whole-body movements during which the activity of 30 muscles was recorded. To identify invariant modules o…
Minori migranti soli o non accompagnati e le nuove forme di affiancamento a tutori legali
2019
Nell’ambito del sistema di accoglienza in Italia, sappiamo che sono molteplici gli interventi mirati al riconoscimento del bisogno educativo che i migranti manifestano. Nello specifico del contributo, che prende avvio da una ricognizione empirica e problematica sul fenomeno migratorio, si intende riflettere sulla particolare situazione in cui si vengono a trovare i minori migranti soli o non accompagnati, i quali, oltre a dover ri-definire la propria identità tra il passato e le aspettative future, si trovano a sperimentare l’esperienza migratoria da soli, ovvero privi di assistenza e di rappresentanza da parte dei genitori o di altri adulti per loro legalmente responsabili. Si tratta, dunq…