Search results for "collective"
showing 10 items of 525 documents
The role of fire within Neolithic collective burials: Spatial analyses of cremains from the site of La Truie Pendue, France
2016
International audience; The use of collective graves is one of the main features of the western European Late Neolithic. A single gravesite received the successive deposition of dozens or sometimes hundreds of individuals. While cremations or even full-fired inhumation layers are often found within these funerary deposits, the actual role of fire is still poorly understood. Recently discovered within the important archaeological complex of Passy (Yonne, France), the burned collective grave of La Truie-Pendue provides an outstanding case study to examine the use of fire within Neolithic funerary rites. In this study, we develop a new contextual approach to bone alterations in order to recons…
Ivory in the Chalcolithic enclosure of Perdigões (South Portugal): the social role of an exotic raw material
2015
AbstractThis article discusses the social role played by ivory and ivory articles in the Perdigoes enclosures (South Portugal) during the Chalcolithic (third millennium bc), in the context of the emergence and development of social complexity on the Iberian Peninsula. Perdigoes is a Portuguese prehistoric site with some of the highest concentrations of ivory objects known in Iberia and with the greatest variety. The contexts, almost exclusively funerary, are discussed along with the results of provenance studies. Comparing the different contexts and the categories of objects made of ivory makes it possible to distinguishing a variety of active social dimensions (such as individual status, g…
Smart Planning and Intelligent Cities: A New Cambrian Explosion
2014
We live in the society of knowledge, creativity and innovation: true anti-cyclical factors with respect to the crisis that has overrun the traditional development protocols and that requires powerful processes of creation and spread of knowledge. The true innovation has no boundaries, it has to affect each aspect of institutions and enterprises and operates as a mutagen of society, requiring a paradigm shift. Startups, fablabs, co-workers, makers and smart citizens have given rise to a global urban movement and most cities now have a sizeable colony: a true smart ecosystem for improving social innovation. Between them they are home to hundreds of accelerators and thousands of smart places a…
A Bacterial-Based Algorithm to Simulate Complex Adaptative Systems
2014
Paper presented at the 13th International Conference on Simulation of Adaptive Behavior which took place at Castellón, Spain in 2014, July 22-25. Bacteria have demonstrated an amazing capacity to overcome envi-ronmental changes by collective adaptation through genetic exchanges. Using a distributed communication system and sharing individual strategies, bacteria propagate mutations as innovations that allow them to survive in different envi-ronments. In this paper we present an agent-based model which is inspired by bacterial conjugation of DNA plasmids. In our approach, agents with bounded rationality interact in a common environment guided by local rules, leading to Complex Adaptive Syste…
Crowdsourced analysis of fungal growth and branching on microfluidic platforms
2021
Fungal hyphal growth and branching are essential traits that allow fungi to spread and proliferate in many environments. This sustained growth is essential for a myriad of applications in health, agriculture, and industry. However, comparisons between different fungi are difficult in the absence of standardized metrics. Here, we used a microfluidic device featuring four different maze patterns to compare the growth velocity and branching frequency of fourteen filamentous fungi. These measurements result from the collective work of several labs in the form of a competition named the “Fungus Olympics.” The competing fungi included five ascomycete species (ten strains total), two basidiomycete…
Communication structure and collective actions in social media
2010
In this paper I present results a study of different types of social media communication and networking channels that allow for collective action (CA): Twitter, Jaiku / Qaiku, Ning and Facebook. My preliminary findings indicate, that the visual outlining and the structure of communication create different kinds of collectivity and collective actions. A status stream is effective for simple and fast repetitive mass actions and for individual mass broadcasting, while channels and threads are needed as a backchannel for more complicated, coordinated and iterative tasks and support a sense of community. When planning collective action on the Internet, ranging from citizen participation to marke…
Collective agency and the concept of ‘public’ in public involvement: A practice-oriented analysis
2016
Background Public involvement activities are promoted as measures for ensuring good governance in challenging fields, such as biomedical research and innovation. Proponents of public involvement activities include individual researchers as well as non-governmental and governmental organizations. However, the concept of ‘public’ in public involvement deserves more attention by researchers because it is not purely theoretical: it has important practical functions in the guidance, evaluation and translation of public involvement activities. Discussion This article focuses on collective agency as one property a public as a small group of participants in a public involvement activity could exhib…
“Two Schools under one Roof” in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Exploring the challenges of group identity and deliberative values among Bosniak and Croat st…
2014
Abstract The purpose of this study was to explore the challenge of engaging Bosniak and Croat students in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) in deliberative democracy within the context “two schools under one roof,” students receiving education in the same school building, yet attending separate classes and following distinct curricula. Findings suggest that group identity for Bosniak students was strongly tied to “being Bosnian” while Croat students expressed ambivalence and unease about their identity, balancing feelings between having their home in BiH and maintaining their Croat roots. The students’ relationships were complicated by an imbalance in perceptions of power, discriminatory attitud…
Marfil para los muertos en la Cultura de las Motillas: los botones de Castillejo del Bonete (Terrinches, Ciudad Real).
2015
Madrider Mitteilungen, 56 (2015)
Compte rendu du livre de Morgan Poggioli : "A travail égal, salaire égal ?" (EUD, 2012)
2013
Si, aujourd'hui, la question de l'égalité femmes-hommes au travail est devenue une priorité sociale et politique, qu'en était-il autrefois ? Comment se positionnaient les syndicats ? C'est ce que traite Morgan Poggioli, historien des mouvements sociaux, concernant la CGT à l'époque du Front populaire. En posant « la question du genre dans le champ syndical, (celle) d'explorer la dimension sexuée du droit du travail », en se demandant dans quelle mesure « les travailleuses participent au phénomène de la syndicalisation de masse » en 1936, l'ouvrage établit une approche novatrice de l'histoire sociale et syndicale.