Search results for "compensatio"
showing 10 items of 409 documents
Environmental damage evaluation in a willingness-to-accept scenario: A latent-class approach based on familiarity
2015
In this paper we report on the results of the application of a latent class model that was designed to identify and characterize unobserved preference heterogeneity in the context of a willingness-to-accept (WTA) framework involving negative environmental externalities stemming from the expansion of the Port of Valencia. We investigated the hypothesis that respondents with greater familiarity with the targeted good and any related environmental damage would demand more compensation; that is, they would have a significantly higher WTA. Based on respondents' familiarity with the Port of Valencia and their pre-existing knowledge about the negative consequences of its potential expansion three …
The price of improvements: agrarian contracts and agrarian development in nineteenth-century eastern Spain1
2011
Fixed-rent contracts do not free landlords from the need to supervise the land if it is of high value and fragile fertility, nor do they free them from the costs of monitoring farmers if they are poor peasants prone to fall into arrears. In such cases, however, compensation for improvements will encourage tenants to farm with care and act as a bond against non-payment of rent. This article studies the repercussions of these kinds of situations by analysing what happened in nineteenth-century Valencia, where being the owners of the improvements led to tenants eventually becoming the owners of the land.
The Impact of CEO Long-term Equity-based Compensation Incentives on Economic Growth in Collectivist versus Individualist Countries
2016
This study examines the impact of the prevalence of long-term equity-based chief executive officer (CEO) compensation incentives on GDP growth, and we address the moderating role of individualist versus collectivist cultures on this relationship. We argue that long-term incentives given to CEOs in some firms may convey to other CEOs that they too may be able to receive such incentives and rewards if they emulate the incentivized and rewarded CEOs. In a longitudinal study across 22 nations over a 5-year period, we find that the higher proportion of CEOs in a country are awarded long-term equity-based incentive compensation, the greater future real GDP growth, particularly in collectivist co…
Discrimination by microcredit officers: Theory and evidence on disability in Uganda
2015
This paper studies the relationship between a microfinance institution (MFI) and its loan officers when officers discriminate against a particular group of micro-entrepreneurs. Using survey data from Uganda, we provide evidence that loan officers are more biased than other employees against disabled micro-entrepreneurs. In line with the evidence, we build an agency model of a non-profit MFI and a biased loan officer in charge of granting loans. Since incentive schemes are costly and the MFI's budget is limited, the MFI faces a trade-off between combating discrimination and granting loans. We show that the optimal incentive premium is a non-decreasing function of the MFI's budget. Moreover, …
Globalization of Monitoring Practices: The Case of American Influences on the Dismissal Risk of European CEOs
2013
Accepted version of an article from the Journal of Economics and Business This study examines globalization of monitoring practices by focusing on how American (U.S.) influences on European firms impact the dismissal risk for these firms' CEOs. Specifically, we argue that the stronger short term orientation of the American corporate governance system increase the dismissal performance sensitivity faced by European CEOs, indirectly and directly. The former materializes via European firms cross-listing on U.S. exchanges, the latter results from European firms hiring U.S. independent board members. Both influences are expected to result in increased dismissal performance sensitivity. Based on …
Are Audit Firms’ Compensation Policies Associated With Audit Quality?
2020
We examine how compensation policies of audit firms are associated with audit quality. Specifically, we investigate the effects of the ratio of variable to fixed compensation and the size of the basis for profit sharing (i.e., whether partners share profits in a small or in a large profit pool). For our analyses, we use detailed mandatory disclosure of the compensation policies in German audit firms. We document that compensation policies vary considerably across audit firms. We find that profit sharing in a small profit pool and high variable compensation are two characteristics of auditor compensation associated with lower audit quality. We also find some evidence suggesting that audit qu…
Empirical definition of social types in the analysis of inequality of opportunity: a latent classes approach
2014
The empirical analysis of inequality of opportunity centres on disparities between social types, defined by the exposure to circumstances beyond individual control. Despite this, its main theoretical foundation—the Roemer model—does not indicate how to carry out, in practice, the required partition of the population into such types. This paper operationalises this definition of social types using a latent classes approach. Our specification is embedded in a probabilistic extension of the canonical Roemer model, which assumes that the relevant population consists of a finite number of latent types, from which each individual can be treated as a random draw. This makes possible the use of the…
Satyra na Augusta Zaleskiego czyli o sporze Wojciecha Wasiutyńskiego z „Syreną” paryską
2017
A SATIRE ON AUGUST ZALESKI, I.E. ON THE CONFLICT BETWEEN WOJCIECH WASIUTYŃŚKI AND THE PARISIAN SYRENA In 1949 the Parisian weekly Syrena published an anonymous satire on President August Zaleski. As it later turned out, it was written by Wojciech Wasiutynski, a well-known journalist and activist of the Stronnictwo Narodowe (National Party). Wasiutynski was not informed about the decision to publish his text and was outraged, demanding compensation. The editorial team explained that the anonymous copies of the satire had circulated among Polish immigrants. The issue echoed a far more significant debate concerning the office of the President of Poland in exile.
Les étudiants anticipent-ils correctement la valeur de leur diplôme sur le marché du travail ?
2013
Documents de travail de l'IREDU, n°2013-1; Ce travail analyse la manière dont les étudiants de première année d'université anticipent leurs salaires futurs, puis compare ces salaires à ceux qu'ils peuvent réellement observer sur le marché du travail. Nos résultats montrent globalement une surestimation des salaires anticipés d'environ 9 pour cent en début de carrière, ce qui est cohérent avec des travaux réalisés dans d'autres pays. En revanche, les salaires anticipés après dix ans de carrières sont supérieurs de 28 pour cent aux salaires observés des diplômés à ancienneté comparable. Les résultats soulignent également l'importance de l'environnement familial lors du choix des études supéri…
Compensation verticale et compensation horizontale pour les familles avec enfants : une comparaison des approches française et québécoise
1986
International audience; L'analyse des politiques familiales demande que l'on ait au préalable défini les objectifs potentiels de ces politiques. Ceux-ci sont discutés en termes de compensation verticale, de compensation horizontale positive et compensation horizontale normative. Dans le cadre d'une politique familiale et de son influence sur la natalité, l'efficacité des techniques mises en œuvre ne peut être appréciée qu'un retard de l'importance relative accordée aux conceptions sociales de la compensation des charges familiales. L'étude identifie les différences systématiques entre la France et le Québec relativement à la politique familiale ; ce qui conduit à caractériser avec précision…