Search results for "defects"

showing 10 items of 339 documents

Organic synthesis of high added value molecules with MOF catalysts

2020

Recent examples of organic synthesis of fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals in confined spaces of MOFs are highlighted and compared with silica-based ordered porous solids, such as zeolites or mesoporous (organo)silica. These heterogeneous catalysts offer the possibility of stabilizing the desired transition states and/or intermediates during organic transformations of functional groups and (C-C/C-N) bond forming steps towards the desired functional high added value molecular scaffolds. A short introduction on zeolites, mesoporous silica and metal-organic frameworks is followed by relevant applications in which confined active sites in the pores promote single or multi-step organic synthesis…

Chemistry OrganicBiochemistryCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundLEVULINIC ACIDALLYLIC ALCOHOLSMoleculePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryConfined spaceScience & TechnologyChemistryOrganic ChemistryMesoporous silicaMISSING-LINKER DEFECTSTransition stateMESOPOROUS MATERIALSChemistryRECYCLABLE CATALYSTChemical engineeringHETEROGENEOUS CATALYSISC-CMETALPhysical SciencesACTIVE-SITESOrganic synthesisPorous solidsMesoporous materialPROSTAGLANDIN UNSATURATED-KETONESOrganic & Biomolecular Chemistry
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Experimental evidence of E’_gamma centers generation from oxygen vacancies in a-SiO2

2007

Abstract We report on the thermal treatment effects in a γ-ray irradiated oxygen deficient amorphous silicon dioxide (a-SiO2) containing Al impurities. We observed that by thermal treatments the intensity of the 7.6 eV optical absorption band, associated to an oxygen deficient center, and the EPR signal amplitude of irradiation induced [AlO4]0 centers gradually decrease. During these thermal treatments, the E γ ′ centers concentration is found to increase in a correlated way to the decrease of the 7.6 eV absorption amplitude. These results are interpreted assuming an hole-transfer process from the [AlO4]0 centers to the diamagnetic oxygen vacancies, resulting in the generation of E γ ′ cent…

ChemistryAnalytical chemistryOptical spectroscopychemistry.chemical_elementSilicaThermal treatmentCondensed Matter PhysicsOxygenElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionAbsorptionlawAbsorption bandImpurityElectron spin resonanceMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositesDiamagnetismDefectsIrradiationAtomic physicsElectron paramagnetic resonanceAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)
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Optical properties of Ge-oxygen defect center embedded in silica films

2007

The photo-luminescence features of Ge-oxygen defect centers in a 100nm thick Ge-doped silica film on a pure silica substrate were investigated by looking at the emission spectra and time decay detected under synchrotron radiation excitation in the 10-300 K temperature range. This center exhibits two luminescence bands centered at 4.3eV and 3.2eV associated with its de-excitation from singlet (S1) and triplet (T1) states, respectively, that are linked by an intersystem crossing process. The comparison with results obtained from a bulk Ge-doped silica sample evidences that the efficiency of the intersystem crossing rate depends on the properties of the matrix embedding the Ge-oxygen defect ce…

Condensed Matter - Materials SciencePhotoluminescenceGermaniumSputteringOptical spectroscopyDefectsAbsorptionLuminescenceGermaniaSilicaDopingMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical scienceschemistry.chemical_elementGermaniumDisordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)Atmospheric temperature rangeCondensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural NetworksCondensed Matter PhysicsPhotochemistryMolecular physicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceIntersystem crossingchemistryMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositesSinglet stateTriplet stateLuminescence
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Textures in hexatic films of nonchiral liquid crystals: Symmetry breaking and modulated phases

1994

Novel modulated textures, such as stripes and multiarmed star defects, have been observed in freely suspended films of nonchiral liquid crystals just below the smectic-$C$ to hexatic phase transition. Detailed studies using depolarized reflection microscopy suggest that the stripes are locally chiral surface splay domains of the smectic-$L$ phase, a tilted hexatic not previously identified in thermotropic liquid crystals. Line defects which form additional domain walls in the hexatic lattice lead to characteristic modulations of the basic one-dimensional stripe pattern. Inside thick circular islands, for example, stripes form circumferentially and the lines form centered 12-armed stars, res…

Condensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterLine defectsMaterials scienceCondensed matter physicsLiquid crystalCondensed Matter::SuperconductivityLattice (order)MicroscopySymmetry breakingChiral symmetry breakingHexatic phaseThermotropic crystalPhysical Review E
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Congenital heart defects in newborns with apparently isolated single gastrointestinal malformation: A retrospective study.

2015

Abstract Background Congenital gastrointestinal system malformations/abdominal wall defects (GISM) may appear as isolated defects (single or complex), or in association with multiple malformations. The high incidence of association of GISM and congenital heart defects (CHD) in patients with syndromes and malformative sequences is known, but less expected is the association of apparently isolated single GISM and CHD. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of CHD in newborns with isolated GISM, and the possibility to modify the diagnostic-therapeutic approach just before the onset of cardiac symptoms or complications. Methods Anamnestic, clinical, and imaging data of newborns …

Congenital abnormalitieHeart Defects CongenitalMalePediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtyHeart diseaseGastrointestinal Diseasesmedicine.medical_treatment030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyVentricular septal defectAbdominal wallSepsis03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicine030225 pediatricsInternal medicineIntensive Care Units NeonatalmedicineEndocarditisHumansRetrospective Studiesbusiness.industryIntestinal atresiaCardiovascular abnormalitieInfant NewbornObstetrics and GynecologyRetrospective cohort studymedicine.diseaseIntestinal atresiaGastrointestinal Tractmedicine.anatomical_structureMesenterium defectDigestive system abnormalitiePediatrics Perinatology and Child HealthCardiologyFemalebusinessCentral venous catheterAbdominal surgeryEarly human development
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Volumetric changes in alveolar ridge preservation with a compromised buccal wall: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

2020

Background Many studies have addressed socket preservation, though fewer publications considering buccal wall loss can be found, since the literature typically considers sockets with four walls. A systematic review was made on the influence of type II buccal bone defects, according to Elian’s Classification, in socket grafting materials upon volumetric changes in width and height. Material and Methods An electronic and manual literature search was conducted in accordance to PRISMA statement. The search strategy was restricted to randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and controlled clinical trials (CCTs) describing post-extraction sockets with loss of buccal wall in which alveolar ridge preser…

Cresta alveolarBone lossParet òssia bucalTest groupAlveolar Bone LossBuccal wall616.3ReviewVolumetric changeslaw.invention03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineRandomized controlled triallawAlveolar ridgeAlveolar ProcessMedicinePeriodontologyCanvis volumètricsTooth SocketMetaanálisisGeneral DentistryOrthodonticsSocket preservationCambios volumétricosWound Healingbusiness.industryAlveolar process030206 dentistryBuccal administrationAlveolar Ridge AugmentationAlveolar Ridge AugmentationDefecte de la paret bucal:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]Defecto de la pared bucalDefects of the oral wallMeta-analysismedicine.anatomical_structureOtorhinolaryngologyMeta-analysisUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASTooth ExtractionPèrdua òssiaSurgeryPérdida óseaAlveolar ridgebusinessPared ósea bucalMetaanàlisiMedicina oral, patologia oral y cirugia bucal
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Relative incidence and mortality of congenital heart defects diagnosed by angiohemodynamic methods: a 17-year study.

1992

Over a 17-year period (January 1971 to January 1988), 2322 children, aged 0-14 years, were diagnosed as having congenital heart disease (CHD) by cardiac catheterization and angiography. Excluding those with highly complex or undiagnosed defects, there were 2156 children with CHD, 72.4% of whom were treated surgically, with a total surgical mortality rate of 24.1%. After a mean follow-up of 9 years the overall mortality of the cohort was 29.9%, 29.1% occurring in the first month of life, 39.6% between 1 month and 1 year, and 31.2% between 1 and 14 years. The incidence, mortality, and age at death of each cardiac defect are presented and compared with the results of other studies. The overall…

Cross-Cultural ComparisonHeart Defects CongenitalMalePediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtyCardiac CatheterizationHeart diseaseAdolescentRelative incidencemedicine.medical_treatmentCohort StudiesPostoperative ComplicationsmedicineHumansChildCardiac catheterizationmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryIncidence (epidemiology)AngiocardiographyPalliative CareHemodynamicsInfant NewbornInfantVascular surgerymedicine.diseaseCardiac surgerySurvival RateSpainChild PreschoolPediatrics Perinatology and Child HealthCohortAngiographyFemaleCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessFollow-Up StudiesPediatric cardiology
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Light Sensitive Lattice Defects In BaTiO 3 Containing Fe

1989

Electron spin resonance spectra, which can consistently be explained by the models Fe4+ - Vo and Fe5+ - vBa, have been observed with BaTiO3 containing Fe. Also Fe3+ and - Fe3+ - Vo have been identified. All these centers as well as several unidentified ones are observed to change their charge states under illumination. They thus are possibly in involved in photorefractive processes in BaTiO3 containing Fe.

CrystallographyMaterials sciencechemistryCondensed matter physicsLattice defectschemistry.chemical_elementLight sensitivePhotorefractive effectElectronFerroelectricityOxygenMicrowaveIonSPIE Proceedings
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Mutations in CTC1, encoding conserved telomere maintenance component 1, cause Coats plus

2012

Coats plus is a highly pleiotropic disorder particularly affecting the eye, brain, bone and gastrointestinal tract. Here, we show that Coats plus results from mutations in CTC1, encoding conserved telomere maintenance component 1, a member of the mammalian homolog of the yeast heterotrimeric CST telomeric capping complex. Consistent with the observation of shortened telomeres in an Arabidopsis CTC1 mutant and the phenotypic overlap of Coats plus with the telomeric maintenance disorders comprising dyskeratosis congenita, we observed shortened telomeres in three individuals with Coats plus and an increase in spontaneous γ 3H2AX-positive cells in cell lines derived from two affected individual…

DNA polymeraseMolecular Sequence DataTelomere-Binding ProteinsHistones/metabolismHDE GENHDE NEU PEDCST complexCEREBRORETINAL MICROANGIOPATHY FAMILIAL SYNDROME CALCIFICATIONS CYSTS PROTEIN DNA LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHY EVOLUTION DEFECTSHistoneschemistry.chemical_compoundAbnormalities Multiple/geneticsGeneticsmedicineAbnormalities MultipleGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGeneticsTelomere-binding proteinTelomere/pathologyddc:618biologyBase SequenceGenetic Predisposition to Disease/geneticsDNA replicationSequence Analysis DNATelomeremedicine.diseaseFlow CytometryTelomereCell biologyRetinal Telangiectasis/genetics/pathologychemistrySequence Analysis DNA/methodsbiology.proteinRetinal TelangiectasisPrimaseTelomere-Binding Proteins/geneticsDNADyskeratosis congenitaNature Genetics
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Long-Range and Short-Range Structure of Proton-Conducting Y:BaZrO3

2011

Yttrium-doped barium zirconate (BZY) is the most promising candidate for proton-conducting ceramics and has been extensively studied in recent years. The detailed features of the crystal structure, both short-range and long-range, as well as the crystal chemistry driving the doping process, are largely unknown. We use very high resolution X-ray diffraction (HR-XRD) to resolve the crystal structure, which is very slightly tetragonally distorted in BZY, while the local environment around Zr4+ and Y3+ is probed with extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS), and the symmetry and vibrations are investigated by using Raman spectroscopy. It is found that barium zirconate shows some degree …

DYNAMICSRAMAN-SCATTERINGMaterials scienceCrystal chemistryGeneral Chemical EngineeringYTTRIUMRAMAN-SCATTERING; LOCAL ENVIRONMENT; BARIUM CERATE; SPECTROSCOPY; YTTRIUM; BAZR0.9Y0.1O2.95; STRONTIUM; DYNAMICS; DEFECTS; OXIDESCrystal structuresymbols.namesakeSTRONTIUMMaterials ChemistryLOCAL ENVIRONMENTBAZR0.9Y0.1O2.95OXIDESSpectroscopyProton conductorSPECTROSCOPYExtended X-ray absorption fine structureDopingDEFECTSGeneral ChemistryCrystallographysymbolsRaman spectroscopyBARIUM CERATERaman scatteringChemistry of Materials
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