Search results for "detector"

showing 10 items of 3491 documents

Studies on Flat Sandwich-type Self-Powered Detectors for Flux Measurements in ITER Test Blanket Modules

2018

Neutron and gamma flux measurements in designated positions in the test blanket modules (TBM) of ITER will be important tasks during ITER’s campaigns. As part of the ongoing task on development of nuclear instrumentation for application in European ITER TBMs, experimental investigations on self-powered detectors (SPD) are undertaken. This paper reports the findings of neutron and photon irradiation tests performed with a test SPD in flat sandwich-like geometry. Whereas both neutrons and gammas can be detected with appropriate optimization of geometries, materials and sizes of the components, the present sandwich-like design is more sensitive to gammas than 14 MeV neutrons. Range of SPD curr…

TechnologyMaterials sciencePhysicsQC1-999InstrumentationNuclear engineeringAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaDetectorPhoton irradiationFluxBlanket01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasSandwich type0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsNeutron010306 general physicsddc:600
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Microwave-free magnetometry with nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond

2016

We use magnetic-field-dependent features in the photoluminescence of negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy centers to measure magnetic fields without the use of microwaves. In particular, we present a magnetometer based on the level anti-crossing in the triplet ground state at 102.4 mT with a demonstrated noise floor of 6 nT/$\sqrt{\text{Hz}}$, limited by the intensity noise of the laser and the performance of the background-field power supply. The technique presented here can be useful in applications where the sensor is placed closed to conductive materials, e.g. magnetic induction tomography or magnetic field mapping, and in remote-sensing applications since principally no electrical acces…

TechnologyPhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorsPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)MagnetometerFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyengineering.material01 natural scienceslaw.inventionEngineeringlaw0103 physical sciencescond-mat.mes-hallMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)010306 general physicsphysics.ins-detApplied PhysicsPhysicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physicsbusiness.industryDiamondInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyNoise floorMagnetic fieldPhysical SciencesengineeringOptoelectronicsMagnetic induction tomographyphysics.optics0210 nano-technologybusinessGround stateNoise (radio)MicrowavePhysics - OpticsOptics (physics.optics)
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Fast simulation of muons produced at the SHiP experiment using Generative Adversarial Networks

2019

This paper presents a fast approach to simulating muons produced in interactions of the SPS proton beams with the target of the SHiP experiment. The SHiP experiment will be able to search for new long-lived particles produced in a 400~GeV$/c$ SPS proton beam dump and which travel distances between fifty metres and tens of kilometers. The SHiP detector needs to operate under ultra-low background conditions and requires large simulated samples of muon induced background processes. Through the use of Generative Adversarial Networks it is possible to emulate the simulation of the interaction of 400~GeV$/c$ proton beams with the SHiP target, an otherwise computationally intensive process. For th…

TechnologyPhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorsProtonPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsComputer sciencebackground: inducedNuclear TheoryDetector modelling and simulations I (interaction of radiation with matter interaction of photons with matter interaction of hadrons with matter etc); Simulation methods and programs01 natural sciences09 EngineeringHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]muon: momentumDetectors and Experimental TechniquesNuclear Experimentphysics.ins-detGeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.dictionariesencyclopediasglossaries)InstrumentationInstruments & InstrumentationMathematical PhysicsDetector modelling and simulations I (interaction of radiation with matter interaction of photons with matter interaction of hadrons with matter etc)02 Physical Sciencesinteraction of photons with matterInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)p: beammuon: productionDetector modelling and simulations INuclear & Particles Physicsinteraction of hadrons with matterParticle Physics - Experimentperformancedata analysis methodDetector modelling and simulations I (interaction of radiation with matterFOS: Physical sciencesAccelerator Physics and Instrumentation0103 physical sciencesnumerical methodsddc:610[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]Aerospace engineering010306 general physicsnumerical calculationsetc)MuonScience & Technologyhep-ex010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryNumerical analysisAcceleratorfysik och instrumenteringCERN SPSPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentSimulation methods and programsbusinessGenerative grammar
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The experimental facility for the Search for Hidden Particles at the CERN SPS

2019

The Search for Hidden Particles (SHiP) Collaboration has shown that the CERN SPS accelerator with its 400 $\mathrm{\small GeV/c}$ proton beam offers a unique opportunity to explore the Hidden Sector. The proposed experiment is an intensity frontier experiment which is capable of searching for hidden particles through both visible decays and through scattering signatures from recoil of electrons or nuclei. The high-intensity experimental facility developed by the SHiP collaboration is based on a number of key features and developments which provide the possibility of probing a large part of the parameter space for a wide range of models with light long-lived superweakly interacting particles…

TechnologyPhysics - Instrumentation and Detectorsbackground: inducedlarge detector systems for particle and astroparticle physicsSPSbeam transportElectron7. Clean energy01 natural sciences09 Engineeringdark matter detectors (wimps axions etc.)High Energy Physics - Experiment030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaginglaw.inventionNeutrino detectorHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)0302 clinical medicineRecoillawetc.)[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Neutrino detectorsDetectors and Experimental TechniquesNuclear Experimentphysics.ins-detInstruments & InstrumentationInstrumentationbackground: suppressionMathematical Physicsnucleus: recoilPhysicsRange (particle radiation)tau neutrino02 Physical SciencesLarge Hadron Colliderbeam lossInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)p: beamNuclear & Particles Physicsvacuum systemparticle: interactionDark Matter detectors (WIMPbeam opticsNeutrino detectorp: beam dumpPhysics - Instrumentation and Detectorproposed experimentParticle Physics - Experimentzirconium: admixtureFOS: Physical sciencesAccelerator Physics and Instrumentationbeam: ejectionp: targetHidden SectorNuclear physicsKKKK: SHiP03 medical and health sciences0103 physical sciences[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]Beam dumpnumerical calculationsmuon: shieldingdetector: designactivity reportDark Matter detectors (WIMPsScience & Technologyhep-ex010308 nuclear & particles physicsLarge detector systems for particle and astroparticle physicsbeam-dump facilityAcceleratorfysik och instrumenteringCERN SPSHidden sectoraxionaxions etc.)Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physicmolybdenum: alloyPhysics::Accelerator Physicstarget: designtitanium: admixtureBeam (structure)neutrino detectors
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The magnet of the scattering and neutrino detector for the SHiP experiment at CERN

2019

The Search for Hidden Particles (SHiP) experiment proposal at CERN demands a dedicated dipole magnet for its scattering and neutrino detector. This requires a very large volume to be uniformly magnetized at B > 1.2 T, with constraints regarding the inner instrumented volume as well as the external region, where no massive structures are allowed and only an extremely low stray field is admitted. In this paper we report the main technical challenges and the relevant design options providing a comprehensive design for the magnet of the SHiP Scattering and Neutrino Detector.

TechnologyPhysics - Instrumentation and Detectorswigglers and undulators)magnet: designPermanent magnet devicesPhysics::Instrumentation and Detectorsengineering01 natural sciences7. Clean energy09 Engineering030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingradiation hardened magnetsSubatomär fysik0302 clinical medicineDipole magnetSubatomic PhysicsNeutrino detectorsDetectors and Experimental TechniquesInstruments & InstrumentationInstrumentationphysics.ins-detAcceleration cavities and magnets superconducting (high-temperature superconductor; radiation hardened magnets; normal-conducting; permanent magnet devices; wigglers and undulators)Mathematical PhysicsPhysics02 Physical SciencesLarge Hadron ColliderInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)magnet: technologyNuclear & Particles Physicsbending magnetneutrino: detectorNeutrino detectornormal-conductingAcceleration cavities and magnets superconducting (high-temperature superconductorproposed experimentCERN LabRadiation hardened magnetsFOS: Physical sciencesNormal-conductingAccelerator Physics and InstrumentationNuclear physics03 medical and health sciences0103 physical sciencespermanent magnet devices[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]Wigglers and undulators)normal-conducting magnetsScience & Technology010308 nuclear & particles physicsScatteringLarge detector systems for particle and astroparticle physicsAcceleratorfysik och instrumenteringLarge detector systems for particle physicsHigh temperature superconductors Neutrons Permanent magnets Ships Superconducting magnets Wigglers Astroparticle physics Comprehensive designs Massive structures Neutrino detectors Normal-conducting Radiation-hardened Ship experiments Technical challenges Particle detectorsVolume (thermodynamics)MagnetAcceleration cavities and magnets superconducting (high-temperature superconductor; Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics; Neutrino detectors; Normal-conducting; Permanent magnet devices; Radiation hardened magnets; Wigglers and undulators)High Energy Physics::Experimentneutrino detectors
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On the Variability of the Temperature Coefficients of mc-Si Solar Cells with Irradiance

2016

Abstract The temperature sensitivity of silicon solar cells is in general assumed to be constant with irradiance in PV forecasting models, although it has been demonstrated experimentally that this is not true. In this study a theoretical model is established that describes the variation of the temperature coefficients of a silicon solar cell as a function of the irradiance. It is shown that the temperature sensitivity of the solar cell efficiency is decreasing with the irradiance and that the main reason for this behavior comes from the increase of the open-circuit voltage with light intensity. Moreover, a dependency of the cell's ideality factor on the irradiance has to be assumed to rece…

Temperature sensitivitySiliconPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsirradianceIrradiancechemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesOpticsEnergy(all)ideality factor.0103 physical sciencesSilicon solar cell010302 applied physicsChemistrybusiness.industryTemperature coefficientsfood and beverages021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyComputational physicsLight intensitySolar cell efficiencysilicon solar cellscompensated siliconAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics0210 nano-technologyConstant (mathematics)businessVoltageEnergy Procedia
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Sulfuric acid cleanup and KOH-ethanol treatment for confirmation of organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls: application to wastewate…

1987

Abstract The efficacy of sulfuric acid cleanup and KOH-ethanol hydrolysis confirmation was studied for 22 organochlorine pesticides and 2 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Mean recoveries for different treatment times are given. The method was applied to analysis of several wastewater samples by gas chromatography with electron capture detection. Organochlorine compounds were extracted by using separatory funnels and 15% diethyl ether in hexane as extractant. All the compounds studied could be analyzed except trifluralin, dichloran, dieldrin, and endrin, which were destroyed after treatment with concentrated H2S04. The pesticides found most commonly in the samples analyzed were fenson, tetr…

Tetradifonchemistry.chemical_compoundElectron capture detectorDieldrinChromatographychemistryEndrinDicofolMethoxychlorGeneral ChemistryPesticideLindane
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A fully planar approach to the construction of X-Ray microcalorimeters with doped Germanium sensors

2008

We have investigated a fully planar technology for the development of arrays of X-ray microcalorimeters with doped germanium thermal sensor. We describe the proposed approach and show promising results obtained with the deep etching of germanium, the most critical step of the whole process.

Thermal sensorsMaterials sciencebusiness.industryThermistorDetectorDopingX-raychemistry.chemical_elementGermaniumCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsPlanarX-ray detectors microcalorimeter planar technologychemistryEtching (microfabrication)OptoelectronicsGeneral Materials Sciencebusiness
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Therapy response evaluation of malignant lymphoma in a multicenter study: comparison of manual and semiautomatic measurements in CT.

2014

Purpose: Comparison of manual one-/bi-dimensional measurements versus semi-automatically derived one-/bi-dimensional and volumetric measurements for therapy response evaluation of malignant lymphoma during CT follow-up examinations in a multicenter setting. Materials and Methods: MSCT data sets of patients with malignant lymphoma were evaluated before (baseline) and after two cycles of chemotherapy (follow-up) at radiological centers of five university hospitals. The long axis diameter (LAD), the short axis diameter (SAD) and the bi-dimensional WHO of 307 target lymph nodes were measured manually and semi-automatically using dedicated software. Lymph node volumetry was performed semi-automa…

ThoraxAdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyRadiation DosageMalignant lymphomaYoung AdultAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsImage Interpretation Computer-AssistedMultidetector Computed TomographyMedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingLymph nodeAgedNeoplasm StagingRetrospective StudiesAged 80 and overbusiness.industryLymphoma Non-HodgkinMediastinumRetrospective cohort studyMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseHodgkin DiseaseLymphomamedicine.anatomical_structureTherapy responseTreatment OutcomeMulticenter studyFemaleRadiologybusinessRoFo : Fortschritte auf dem Gebiete der Rontgenstrahlen und der Nuklearmedizin
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Optimization of a matrix solid-phase dispersion method for the analysis of pesticide residues in vegetables

1996

A multiresidue method based on matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) is studied to determine chlorfenvinfos, chlorpyrifos, fenarimol, iprodione, procimydone, propiconazole, tetradifon, triadimefon and vinclozolin in artichokes, green beans, lettuces and tomatoes. Alumina, silica and Florisil were assessed as extracting phases, and the extracts from Florisil were the cleanest. To facilitate manual extraction, sand was added to the sample together with the dispersing phase. Three eluting systems were then studied, and dichloromethane proved to be the best. Further purification can be performed using solid-phase cleanup after diluting extracts with aqueous solutions. Octyl- and octadecyl-silica…

Time FactorsChromatographyChemistryOrganic ChemistryPesticide ResiduesReproducibility of ResultsGeneral MedicineBiochemistryGas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryAnalytical ChemistryMatrix (chemical analysis)chemistry.chemical_compoundElectron capture detectorVegetablesSelected ion monitoringSample preparationGas chromatographyProcymidoneSolid phase extractionVinclozolinJournal of Chromatography A
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