Search results for "detergent"
showing 10 items of 44 documents
The biological activity of bacteriophage DNA, prepared by the cationic detergent dilution technique
1975
Abstract The preparation of phage lambda DNA infecting E. coli K 12 with cationic detergent is described. This DNA infects E. coli spheroblasts with the same efficiency as DNA prepared by phenol methods.
LUMINESCENCE STUDY OF DETERGENT OPTICAL BRIGHTENERS IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPING OPTICAL ENVIRONMENTAL SENSORS FOR WATER QUALITY CONTROL
2006
Water quality and anthropogenic loads in many, but not all, cases are related. Some water quality monitoring programs analyse samples for the presence of Escherichia coli. These bacteria can come from humans and animals. Human‐attributable effluent contains optical brighteners (OBs) from detergents. A convenient and affordable optical quantitative method giving a linear luminescence outcome over several orders of detergent concentrations in the water solution is demonstrated. The proposed method uses the common presence of OBs in detergents. Detergent concentration in water can be used as a surrogate indicator of resultant anthropogenic loads in water bodies. The proposed optical method wit…
Green Synthesis, Molecular Characterization and Associative Behavior of Some Gemini Surfactants without a Spacer Group.
2013
A series of new gemini surfactants without a spacer group, disodium 2,3-dialkyl-1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylates, were synthesized in a green chemistry context minimizing the use of organic solvents and applying microwaves (MW) when activation energy was required. Once the desired architecture was confirmed by means of the nuclear magnetic resonance technique (1H-NMR, 1H-1H COSY) for all the studied surfactants, the critical micellization concentration was determined by conductance measurements. The diffusion coefficient of micelles formed by the four compounds was characterized using pulsed field gradient (PFG)-NMR. Diffusion coefficients were found to be dependent on the concentration and …
Comparison of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and PCR for the diagnosis of infection with Trypanosoma brucei ssp. in equids in The Gamb…
2020
Introduction:\ud Infection of equids with Trypanosoma brucei (T. brucei) ssp. is of socioeconomic importance across sub-Saharan Africa as the disease often progresses to cause fatal meningoencephalitis. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) has been developed as a cost-effective molecular diagnostic test and is potentially applicable for use in field-based laboratories.\ud \ud Part I:\ud Threshold levels for T. brucei ssp. detection by LAMP were determined using whole equine blood specimens spiked with known concentrations of parasites. Results were compared to OIE antemortem gold standard of T. brucei-PCR (TBR-PCR).\ud \ud Results I:\ud Threshold for detection of T. brucei ssp. on …
Erratum to: Cetuximab-induced skin exanthema: prophylactic and reactive skin therapy are equally effective
2013
Purpose Treatment with cetuximab is accompanied by the development of an acneiform follicular skin exanthema in more than 80 % of patients. Severe exanthema (grade III/IV) develops in about 9–19 % of patients with the necessity of cetuximab dose reduction or cessation. Methods The study presented was a retrospective analysis of 50 gastrointestinal cancer patients treated with cetuximab in combination with either FOLFIRI or FOLFOX. One cohort of 15 patients received an in-house reactive skin protocol upon development of an exanthema. A second cohort of 15 patients received a skin prophylaxis starting with the first dose of cetuximab before clinical signs of toxicity. A third historic group o…
Properties of the microsomal and cytosolic glutathione transferases involved in hexachloro-1:3-butadiene conjugation
1989
Hexachloro-1,3-butadiene (HCBD) is a substrate for the hepatic microsomal glutathione transferases and is metabolised at higher rates by these enzymes than their cytosolic counterparts. Conjugation reactions catalysed by the microsomal and cytosolic transferases have been studied and characterized using this substrate and 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB). In rat liver microsomes the Km values for HCBD and CDNB were 0.91 and 0.012 mM and in cytosol 0.51 and 0.10 mM respectively. Vmax values for HCBD were 1.39 and 0.35 nmol conjugate formed/min/mg protein for microsomes and cytosol respectively. In microsomal systems HCBD was a potent competitive inhibitor of the metabolism of CDNB with a K…
Selective effects of some anesthetics and detergents on lipid peroxidation of mouse heart homogenates.
1991
Abstract 1. 1. The effects of some anesthetics and detergents on the Fe2+/ascorbate-stimulated non-enzymatic lipid peroxidation potential and on the NADPH-dependent enzymatic lipid peroxidation capacity were characterized in mouse heart homogenates. 2. 2. Chlorpromazine turned out to be the most efficient inhibitor, causing a 50% inhibition at a concentration of 0.03 mM in the non-enzymatic assay, and at a concentration of 0.02 mM in the enzymatic assay. 3. 3. Tetracaine was about a 10-times weaker inhibitor with IC50-values of 0.25 mM. High concentration of dibucaine (1 mM) exerted a 60% inhibition in the non-enzymatic assay, but lidocaine and procaine had no prominent effect with the conc…
Supramolecular Packing Drives Morphological Transitions of Charged Surfactant Micelles
2020
Abstract The shape and size of self‐assembled structures upon local organization of their molecular building blocks are hard to predict in the presence of long‐range interactions. Combining small‐angle X‐ray/neutron scattering data, theoretical modelling, and computer simulations, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), over a broad range of concentrations and ionic strengths, was investigated. Computer simulations indicate that micellar shape changes are associated with different binding of the counterions. By employing a toy model based on point charges on a surface, and comparing it to experiments and simulations, it is demonstrated that the observed morphological changes are caused by symmetry br…
Membrane-penetrating Domain of Streptolysin O Identified by Cysteine Scanning Mutagenesis
1996
Streptolysin O (SLO), a polypeptide of 571 amino acids, belongs to a family of highly homologous toxins that bind to cell membranes containing cholesterol and then polymerize to form large transmembrane pores. A conserved region close to the C terminus contains the single cysteine residue of SLO and has been implicated in membrane binding, which has been the only clear assignment of function to a part of the sequence. We have used a cysteine-less active mutant of SLO to introduce single cysteine residues at 19 positions distributed throughout the sequence. The cysteines were derivatized with the polarity-sensitive fluorophore acrylodan, and the fluorescence emission of the label was examine…
The soluble loop BC region guides, but not dictates, the assembly of the transmembrane cytochrome b6
2017
Studying folding and assembly of naturally occurring α-helical transmembrane proteins can inspire the design of membrane proteins with defined functions. Thus far, most studies have focused on the role of membrane-integrated protein regions. However, to fully understand folding pathways and stabilization of α–helical membrane proteins, it is vital to also include the role of soluble loops. We have analyzed the impact of interhelical loops on folding, assembly and stability of the heme-containing four-helix bundle transmembrane protein cytochrome b6 that is involved in charge transfer across biomembranes. Cytochrome b6 consists of two transmembrane helical hairpins that sandwich two heme mol…