Search results for "dieta"
showing 10 items of 1150 documents
National trends in total cholesterol obscure heterogeneous changes in HDL and non-HDL cholesterol and total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio : a pooled analy…
2020
Artículo con numerosos autores. Sólo quedan reflejados el primero, los pertenecientes a la UAM y el colectivo
Influence of diet in urinary levels of metals in a biomonitoring study of a child population of the Valencian region (Spain)
2018
[EN] Pollution by trace elements and its possible effect on organisms has become a worldwide concern due to the increasing presence of trace elements in the environment and especially in the food chain. Exposure to chemicals has traditionally been measured using environmental samples, however, human biomonitoring brings a different perspective, in which all sources and exposure pathways are integrated. The objective of this paper is to discern the possible relationship between children's diet and the metals found in children urine. With this aim in mind, a total of 120 voluntaries participated in a diet survey carried out in a school-aged population (age 6-11) from the Valencian region. In …
Hydrolyzed infant formula and early β-cell autoimmunity: a randomized clinical trial.
2014
Importance The disease process leading to clinical type 1 diabetes often starts during the first years of life. Early exposure to complex dietary proteins may increase the risk of β-cell autoimmunity in children at genetic risk for type 1 diabetes. Extensively hydrolyzed formulas do not contain intact proteins. Objective To test the hypothesis that weaning to an extensively hydrolyzed formula decreases the cumulative incidence of diabetes-associated autoantibodies in young children. Design, Setting, and Participants A double-blind randomized clinical trial of 2159 infants with HLA-conferred disease susceptibility and a first-degree relative with type 1 diabetes recruited from May 2002 to Ja…
Lysine pathway metabolites and the risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease in the PREDIMED study: results from two case-cohort studies
2019
[Background]: The pandemic of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) requires the identification of new predictor biomarkers. Biomarkers potentially modifiable with lifestyle changes deserve a special interest. Our aims were to analyze: (a) The associations of lysine, 2-aminoadipic acid (2-AAA) or pipecolic acid with the risk of T2D or CVD in the PREDIMED trial; (b) the effect of the dietary intervention on 1-year changes in these metabolites, and (c) whether the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) interventions can modify the effects of these metabolites on CVD or T2D risk. [Methods]: Two unstratified case-cohort studies nested within the PREDIMED trial were used. For CVD analyses…
Do fatty acids help in overcoming reading difficulties? A double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the effects of eicosapentaenoic acid and carnosin…
2008
Background There are claims that dietary supplementation of unsaturated fatty acids could help children with dyslexia to overcome their reading problems. However, these claims have not yet been empirically tested. Methods This study was designed to test whether dietary supplementation was superior to placebo in treating reading, spelling or other reading-related skills of children with dyslexia. The experimental group (eicosapentaenoic acid, EPA, n = 30) ate dietary supplements and the control group (placebo, n = 31) placebos during the 90-day treatment period. The supplements contained omega-3 fatty acid (ethyl-EPA, 500 mg/day) and carnosine (400 mg/day). The groups were matched for read…
The insectivorous batPipistrellus nathusiiuses a mixed-fuel strategy to power autumn migration
2012
In contrast to birds, bats are possibly limited in their capacity to use body fat as an energy source for long migrations. Here, we studied the fuel choice of migratoryPipistrellus nathusii(approximate weight: 8 g) by analysing the stable carbon isotope ratio (δ13CV-PDB) of breath and potential energy sources. Breathδ13CV-PDBwas intermediate betweenδ13CV-PDBof insect prey and adipocyte triacylglycerols, suggesting a mixed-fuel use ofP. nathusiiduring autumn migration. To clarify the origin of oxidized fatty acids, we performed feeding experiments with captiveP. nathusii. After an insect diet, bat breath was enriched in13C relative to the bulk and fat portion of insects, but not deviating fr…
A cross-sectional survey of urinary iodine status in Latvia
2014
Background and objective: A nationwide survey of schoolchildren was conducted to detect regional differences in urinary iodine excretion in Latvia and to compare the results with data from the newborn thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) screening database as well with the results of a similar study performed in Latvia 10 years ago. Materials and methods: We conducted a cross-sectional school-based cluster survey of 915 children aged 9–12 years in 46 randomly selected schools in all regions of Latvia. Urine samples, questionnaires on the consumption of iodized salt and information on socioeconomic status were collected. TSH levels in newborns were also measured. Results: The median creatinine-…
Vitamin D, parathyroid hormone, and bone mass in adolescents.
2005
This article provides a review of the evidence identifying the factors related to vitamin D status in adolescents. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency based on 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] of <25 nmol/L ranges from 0 to 32% depending on the season measured and the latitude of the population assessed. The factors that have been reported to affect serum 25(OH)D in adolescents include ethnicity, gender, puberty stage, parathyroid hormone (PTH), dietary vitamin D intake, and sun exposure. Vitamin D supplementation studies are limited to small populations and with supplementation focused on winter months when sunlight may be inadequate. The effects of vitamin D status and supplementation on …
Preliminary Findings: 25(OH)D Levels and PTH Are Indicators of Rapid Bone Accrual in Pubertal Children
2007
The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of serum levels of 25(OH)D and PTH on the accumulation of whole body bone mass in a cohort of children.This was a longitudinal study (1.98 +/- 0.07 y) of sixty-nine children (89% Caucasian, 44% male) enrolled in a calcium supplementation trial. Bone area, bone mineral content (BMC) and density (BMD) of the whole body and radius were assessed using a QDR 2000 (Hologic, Inc) dual energy x-ray absorptiometer. Serum PTH and 25(OH)D were measured using radioimmunoassays.Vitamin D stores were inversely related gain in bone area (p0.002), BMC (p0.002) BMD (p0.027), as well as to PTH levels (p0.0001). Compared to those with adequate vitamin D sto…
Combined creatine and sodium bicarbonate supplementation enhances interval swimming.
2004
This study examined the effect of simultaneous supplementation of creatine and sodium bicarbonate on consecutive maximal swims. Sixteen competitive male and female swimmers completed, in a randomized order, 2 different treatments (placebo and a combination of creatine and sodium bicarbonate) with 30 days of washout period between treatments in a double-blind crossover procedure. Both treatments consisted of placebo or creatine supplementation (20 g per day) in 6 days. In the morning of the seventh day, there was placebo or sodium bicarbonate supplementation (0.3 g per kg body weight) during 2 hours before a warm-up for 2 maximal 100-m freestyle swims that were performed with a passive recov…