Search results for "dynamic"

showing 10 items of 12329 documents

A Study of Milk Particles Size Variation with pH Change using Dynamic Light Scattering

2019

A very simple experimental setup for a Dynamic Light Scattering measurement was used to measure the average size of the milk proteins in aqueous suspensions at 20 °C. The PH of the suspensions was adjusted using Calcium lactate, in its most common form of pentahydrate C6H10CaO6•5H2O. The mean size variation of the suspended particles in time has been monitored and reveals a fast increase over a time interval of less than ten of seconds.

010309 opticsMaterials scienceVariation (linguistics)Dynamic light scatteringlcsh:TA1-2040Chemical physics0103 physical sciences02 engineering and technologylcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0210 nano-technology01 natural sciencesMATEC Web of Conferences
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Polarization-driven spin precession of mesospheric sodium atoms: publisher's note.

2018

This publisher's note corrects an error in the author listing of Opt. Lett.43, 5825 (2018)OPLEDP0146-959210.1364/OL.43.005825.

010309 opticsPhysicsOpticsbusiness.industryQuantum electrodynamics0103 physical sciences02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0210 nano-technologyPolarization (waves)business01 natural sciencesAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsOptics letters
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Heavy enzymes and the rational redesign of protein catalysts

2019

Abstract An unsolved mystery in biology concerns the link between enzyme catalysis and protein motions. Comparison between isotopically labelled “heavy” dihydrofolate reductases and their natural‐abundance counterparts has suggested that the coupling of protein motions to the chemistry of the catalysed reaction is minimised in the case of hydride transfer. In alcohol dehydrogenases, unnatural, bulky substrates that induce additional electrostatic rearrangements of the active site enhance coupled motions. This finding could provide a new route to engineering enzymes with altered substrate specificity, because amino acid residues responsible for dynamic coupling with a given substrate present…

010402 general chemistryProtein Engineering01 natural sciencesBiochemistryCatalysisEnzyme catalysisisotope effectsCatalytic DomainDihydrofolate reductaseMolecular BiologyAlcohol dehydrogenasechemistry.chemical_classificationalcohol dehydrogenasesCarbon Isotopesdihydrofolate reductasesbiologyBacteriaNitrogen Isotopes010405 organic chemistryConceptOrganic ChemistryAlcohol DehydrogenaseActive siteSubstrate (chemistry)Protein engineeringDeuteriumCombinatorial chemistrymolecular dynamics0104 chemical sciencesKineticsTetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenaseenzyme engineeringEnzymechemistrybiology.proteinBiocatalysisMolecular MedicineConcepts
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Photochemically Produced Singlet Oxygen: Applications and Perspectives

2018

This Review aims to provide early stage researchers with an updated guide to applications of photochemically produced singlet oxygen and, at the same time, widen the experienced researcher's perspectives in a holistic approach to singlet oxygen chemistry. Without being exhaustive, literature between 2010 and early 2018 has been surveyed by focusing on a critical evaluation of new knowledge and applications. After an introductory section concerning singlet oxygen production, detection, and interactions with biological systems, subsequent sections describe current applications of singlet-oxygen-enabled technology. Besides strictly chemical synthesis applications, attention has been given to t…

010405 organic chemistryChemistryEnvironmental remediationSinglet oxygenmedicine.medical_treatmentOrganic ChemistryPhotodynamic therapySettore CHIM/06 - Chimica Organica010402 general chemistryPhotochemistry01 natural sciencessinglet oxygen0104 chemical sciencesAnalytical Chemistryphotooxygenation reactionchemistry.chemical_compoundphotodynamic therapymedicinePhysical and Theoretical Chemistryenvironmental remediationphototherapy
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Variable Cooperative Interactions in the Pressure and Thermally Induced Multistep Spin Transition in a Two-Dimensional Iron(II) Coordination Polymer

2020

Two types of experiments conducted to investigate the effect of pressure on the spin crossover (SCO) properties of the 2D Fe(II) coordination polymer formulated {Fe[bipy(ttr)2]}n are reported, namely, (1) magnetic measurements performed at variable temperature and at fixed pressure and (2) visible spectroscopy at variable pressure and fixed temperature. The magnetic experiments carried out under a hydrostatic pressure constraint of 0.04, 0.08, and 0.8 GPa reveal a two-step spin transition behavior. The characteristic critical temperatures of the spin transition are shifted upward in temperature as pressure increases. The slope of the straight-line of the Tc vs P plot, dTc/dP, is 775 K/GPa a…

010405 organic chemistryCoordination polymerHydrostatic pressureSpin transitionElastic energyThermodynamicsFlory–Huggins solution theory010402 general chemistry01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundUltraviolet visible spectroscopychemistrySpin crossoverLattice (order)Physical and Theoretical ChemistryInorganic Chemistry
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A Generalized Semiempirical Approach to the Modeling of the Optical Band Gap of Ternary Al-(Ga, Nb, Ta, W) Oxides Containing Different Alumina Polymo…

2021

A generalization of the modeling equation of optical band gap values for ternary oxides, as a function of cationic ratio composition, is carried out based on the semiempirical correlation between the differences in the electronegativity of oxygen and the average cationic electronegativity proposed some years ago. In this work, a novel approach is suggested to account for the differences in the band gap values of the different polymorphs of binary oxides as well as for ternary oxides existing in different crystalline structures. A preliminary test on the validity of the proposed modeling equations has been carried out by using the numerous experimental data pertaining to alumina and gallia p…

010405 organic chemistryGeneralizationChemistryBand gapCationic polymerizationThermodynamicsFunction (mathematics)Aluminum oxideComposition (combinatorics)010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesArticleMixed oxides0104 chemical sciencesInorganic ChemistryCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceSettore ING-IND/23 - Chimica Fisica ApplicataBand GapPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersPhysics::Chemical PhysicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryTernary operation
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Strong Influence of the Ancillary Ligand over the Photodynamic Anticancer Properties of Neutral Biscyclometalated IrIII Complexes Bearing 2-Benzoazol…

2018

In this paper, the synthesis, comprehensive characterization and biological and photocatalytic properties of two series of neutral IrIII biscyclometalated complexes of general formula [Ir(C^N)2(N^O)], where the N^O ligands are 2‐(benzimidazolyl)phenolate‐N,O (L1, series a) and 2‐(benzothiazolyl)phenolate‐N,O (L2, series b), and the C^N ligands are 2‐(phenyl)pyridinate or its derivatives, are described,. Complexes of types a and b exhibit dissimilar photophysical and biological properties. In vitro cytotoxicity tests conclusively prove that derivatives of series a are harmless in the dark against SW480 cancer cells (colon adenocarcinoma), but express enhanced cytotoxicity versus the same cel…

010405 organic chemistryLigandChemistrymedicine.medical_treatmentOrganic ChemistryPhotodynamic therapy2-arylazolesphotodynamictherapyQuímicaGeneral Chemistry010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesMedicinal chemistryanticancercomplexesCatalysis0104 chemical sciencesChemistryheterolepticneutraliridium(III)complexesmedicinephosphorescent complexesChemistry - A European Journal
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Reversible Covalent and Supramolecular Functionalization of Water-Soluble Gold(I) Complexes.

2017

The ligation of gold(I) metalloamphiphiles with biomolecules is reported, using water-soluble AuI -N-alkynyl substituted maleimide complexes. For this purpose, two different polar ligands were applied: 1) a neutral, dendritic tetraethylene glycol-functionalized phosphane and 2) a charged, sulfonated N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC). The retro Diels-Alder reaction of a furan-protected maleimide gold(I) complex, followed by cycloaddition with a diene-functionalized biotin under mild conditions leads to a novel gold(I) metalloamphiphile. The strong streptavidin-biotin binding affinity in buffered aqueous solution of the resulting biotin alkynyl gold(I) phosphane conjugate remains intact. The cytot…

010405 organic chemistryOrganic ChemistrySupramolecular chemistryDynamic covalent chemistryGeneral Chemistry010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesCatalysisCycloaddition0104 chemical scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryCovalent bondBiotinylationPolymer chemistryMaleimideCarbeneConjugateChemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)
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Formation and trapping of the thermodynamically unfavoured inverted-hemicucurbit[6]uril

2019

Amplification of a thermodynamically unfavoured macrocyclic product through the directed shift of the equilibrium between dynamic covalent chemistry library members is difficult to achieve. We show for the first time that during condensation of formaldehyde and cis-N,N'-cyclohexa-1,2-diylurea formation of inverted-cis-cyclohexanohemicucurbit[6]uril (i-cis-cycHC[6]) can be induced at the expense of thermodynamically favoured cis-cyclohexanohemicucurbit[6]uril (cis-cycHC[6]). The formation of i-cis-cycHC[6] is enhanced in low concentration of the templating chloride anion and suppressed in excess of this template. We found that reaction selectivity is governed by the solution-based template-a…

010405 organic chemistryPrecipitation (chemistry)Metals and AlloysDiastereomerGeneral ChemistryTrapping010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesCatalysis0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryComputational chemistryYield (chemistry)Materials ChemistryCeramics and CompositesTrifluoroacetic acidDynamic combinatorial chemistrySelectivityBinding affinitiesChemical Communications
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Determining Factors for the Unfolding Pathway of Peptides, Peptoids, and Peptidic Foldamers.

2016

We present a study of the mechanical unfolding pathway of five different oligomers (α-peptide, β-peptide, δ-aromatic-peptides, α/γ-peptides, and β-peptoids), adopting stable helix conformations. Using force-probe molecular dynamics, we identify the determining structural factors for the unfolding pathways and reveal the interplay between the hydrogen bond strength and the backbone rigidity in the stabilization of their helix conformations. On the basis of their behavior, we classify the oligomers in four groups and deduce a set of rules for the prediction of the unfolding pathways of small foldamers.

010405 organic chemistryStereochemistryHydrogen bondChemistry010402 general chemistry01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsMolecular dynamicsCrystallographyRigidity (electromagnetism)HelixMaterials ChemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryThe journal of physical chemistry. B
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