Search results for "elektronit"

showing 10 items of 42 documents

Revealing lattice disorder, oxygen incorporation and pore formation in laser induced two-photon oxidized graphene

2019

Laser induced two-photon oxidation has proven to be a reliable method to pattern and control the level of oxidation of single layer graphene, which in turn allows the development of graphene-based electronic and optoelectronic devices with an all-optical method. Here we provide a full structural and chemical description of modifications of air-suspended graphene during the oxidation process. By using different laser irradiation doses, we were able to show via transmission electron microscopy, electron energy loss spectroscopy, electron diffraction and Raman spectroscopy how graphene develops from its pristine form up to a completely oxidized, porous and amorphous carbon layer. Furthermore, …

laserithapetusenergiaraman spectroscopysäteilytysfotonitTEMelectron diffractionankeriaskalatgrafeenioksidielektronitphoto-oxidation
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1H NMR global diatropicity in copper hydride complexes

2022

Understanding the magnetic response of electrons in nanoclusters is essential to interpret their NMR spectra thereby providing guidelines for their synthesis towards various target applications. Here, we consider two copper hydride clusters that have applications in hydrogen storage and release under standard temperature and pressure. Through Born–Oppenheimer molecular dynamics simulations, we study dynamics effects and their contributions to the NMR peaks. Finally, we examine the electrons’ magnetic response to an applied external magnetic field using the gauge-including magnetically induced currents theory. Local diatropic currents are generated in both clusters but an interesting global …

nanorakenteetvetyhydriditnanohiukkasetkupariNMR-spektroskopiamagneettikentätelektronit
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Application of time-dependent many-body perturbation theory to excitation spectra of selected finite model systems

2016

In this thesis, an approximate method introduced to solve time-dependent many-body problems known as time-dependent many-body perturbation theory is studied. Many-body perturbation theory for interacting electrons and phonons is reviewed. In particular, the electron propagator G and an unconventional two-component phonon propagator, which satisfy coupled integral Dyson equations, are introduced. In practice, the associated integral kernels known as the electron Σ and phonon self-energies need to be approximated. The conserving approximations known as the Hartree (-Fock) and the first and second Born approximations, which respect the continuity equation between the electron density and curren…

numeeriset menetelmätmany-body problemsmany-body theoryspektroskopiaGreenin funktioGreen's functionmonen kappaleen teoriaelektronittime-dependent many-body perturbation theoryaikariippuva monihiukkashäiriöteoriaelectron-phonon interactionkiinteän olomuodon fysiikkakvanttimekaniikkaexcitation spectraapproksimointifononit
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Radioluminescence Response of Ce-, Cu-, and Gd-Doped Silica Glasses for Dosimetry of Pulsed Electron Beams

2021

Radiation-induced emission of doped sol-gel silica glass samples was investigated under a pulsed 20-MeV electron beam. The studied samples were drawn rods doped with cerium, copper, or gadolinium ions, which were connected to multimode pure-silica core fibers to transport the induced luminescence from the irradiation area to a signal readout system. The luminescence pulses in the samples induced by the electron bunches were studied as a function of deposited dose per electron bunch. All the investigated samples were found to have a linear response in terms of luminescence as a function of electron bunch sizes between 10−5 Gy/bunch and 1.5×10−2 Gy/bunch. The presented results show that these…

optical fiberLuminescenceMaterials scienceradiation-induced luminescenceAnalytical chemistryElectronsTP1-118502 engineering and technologyElectronhiukkaskiihdyttimetelektronit01 natural sciencesBiochemistryArticleAnalytical Chemistrylaw.inventionmittauslaitteetlaw0103 physical sciencesDosimetrydosimetritIrradiationElectrical and Electronic EngineeringRadiometryInstrumentation[PHYS]Physics [physics]optiset kuidutdosimetry010308 nuclear & particles physicsChemical technologypulsed electron beamluminesenssiDopingParticle acceleratorRadioluminescenceSilicon Dioxide021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyelectron acceleratorAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticspoint dosimeterCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MattersäteilyfysiikkaCathode rayPhysics::Accelerator Physics0210 nano-technologyLuminescence
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Photoelectron emission experiments with ECR-driven multi-dipolar negative ion plasma source

2017

Photoelectron emission measurements have been performed using a 2.45 GHz ECR-driven multi-dipolar plasma source in a low pressure hydrogen discharge. Photoelectron currents induced by light emitted from ECR zone and H− production region are measured from Al, Cu, Mo, Ta, and stainless steel (SAE 304) surfaces as a function of microwave power and neutral hydrogen pressure. The total photoelectron current from the plasma chamber wall is estimated to reach values up to 1 A for 900 W of injected microwave power. It is concluded that the volumetric photon emission rate in wavelength range relevant for photoelectron emission is a few times higher in arc discharge. peerReviewed

plasma sourcesta114HydrogenWavelength rangeChemistryPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorssyklotronitMicrowave powerAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementPlasmaplasmatekniikkaelektronitIonElectric arcECR ion sourcesDipolePhysics::Plasma PhysicsPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersphotoelectronsCurrent (fluid)Atomic physicsemissio (fysiikka)
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Asymptotic and numerical studies of electron scattering in 2D quantum waveguides of variable cross-section

2012

polarizationmagnetic fieldjaksolliset ilmiötquantum waveguidespinelektronitresonanssipotential barriertunneli-ilmiötunnelingresonancesirontakvanttimekaniikkanumeerinen analyysiscattering matrix
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Mechanisms of Electron-Induced Single Event Upsets in Medical and Experimental Linacs

2018

In this paper, we perform an in-depth analysis of the single-event effects observed during testing at medical electron linacs and an experimental high-energy electron linac. For electron irradiations, the medical linacs are most commonly used due to their availability and flexibility. Whereas previous efforts were made to characterize the cross sections at higher energies, where the nuclear interaction cross section is higher, the focus of this paper is on the complete overview of relevant electron energies. Irradiations at an electron linac were made with two different devices, with a large difference in feature size. The irradiations at an experimental linac were performed with varying en…

radiation physicssäteilyfysiikkaelectronshiukkaskiihdyttimetelektronitparticle accelerators
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Mechanisms of Electron-Induced Single Event Latchup

2019

In this paper, possible mechanisms by which electrons can induce single-event latchups in electronics are discussed. The energy deposition and the nuclear fragments created by electrons in silicon are analyzed in this context. The cross section enhancement effect in the presence of high-Z materials is discussed. First experimental results of electron-induced latchups are shown in static random access memory devices with low linear energy transfer thresholds. The radiation hardness assurance implications and future work are discussed. peerReviewed

radiation physicssäteilyfysiikkaelectronshiukkaskiihdyttimetelektronitparticle accelerators
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gA-driven shapes of electron spectra of forbidden β decays in the nuclear shell model

2017

The evolution of the shape of the electron spectra of 16 forbidden β− decays as a function of gA was studied using the nuclear shell model in appropriate single-particle model spaces with established, well-tested nuclear Hamiltonians. The β spectra of 94Nb(6+)→94Mo(4+) and 98Tc(6+)→98Ru(4+) were found to depend strongly on gA, which makes them excellent candidates for the determination of the effective value of gA with the spectrum-shape method (SSM). A strong gA dependence is also seen in the spectrum of 96Zr(0+)→96Nb(6+). This decay could be used for determining the quenching of gA in sixth-forbidden decays in the future, when the measurement of the spectrum becomes experimentally feasibl…

spektritnuclear shell modelelektronitydinfysiikka
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Geant4 simulations and measurements of the performance of the SAGE spectrometer

2011

spektrometriaelektronit
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