Search results for "experimental"
showing 10 items of 18236 documents
Five Challenges in the Field of Viral Diversity and Evolution
2021
Viral diversity and evolution play a central role in processes such as disease emergence, vaccine failure, drug resistance, and virulence. However, significant challenges remain to better understand and manage these processes. Here, we discuss five of these challenges. These include improving our ability to predict viral evolution, developing more relevant experimental evolutionary systems, integrating viral dynamics and evolution at different scales, more thoroughly characterizing the virosphere, and deepening our understanding of virus-virus interactions. Intensifying future research on these areas should improve our ability to combat viral diseases, as well as to more efficiently use vir…
Detection of Candida albicans biofilm proteins induced by glucose, lactose, soy protein, and iron
2019
Background Oral candidiasis is one of the most common fungal infections, which attack the mucosa of the oral cavity. These lesions are mostly caused by the fungal species Candida albicans. Candida albicans is included in the normal oral microorganisms that are opportunistic pathogens, and its presence is quite large, which can reach 75% of the total oral fungal population. Research on specific proteins of Candida biofilm can be an alternative to early prevention of oral infections such as Oral Candidiasis. This biofilm protein can be used as a reference in making kits to detect the presence of microbes that cause infectious diseases. The purpose of this study was to determine molecular weig…
2018
ABSTRACTAlthough music is the fundamental element of music therapy, music analysis methods are a particularly under-researched area. This study investigates how and when psychodynamically orientated music therapists employ the analysis of musical material in both clinical work and research. Constructivist grounded theory was employed in the collection and analysis of the data. Eight participants, all highly experienced in psychodynamic music therapy, were recruited using referral sampling. In-depth interviews focused on therapists’ experiences of working with different client groups, and the applicability of different assessment methods. Strauss and Corbin’s coding paradigm was used to dete…
Effects of maternal singing during kangaroo care on maternal anxiety, wellbeing, and mother-infant relationship after preterm birth: a mixed methods …
2020
Introduction: Preterm birth may disturb the typical development of the mother– infant relationship, when physical separation and emotional distress in the neonatal intensive care unit may increase maternal anxiety and create challenges for early interaction. This cluster-randomized controlled trial examined the effects of maternal singing during kangaroo care on mothers’ anxiety, wellbeing, and the early mother– infant relationship after preterm birth. Method: In the singing intervention group, a certified music therapist guided the mothers (n = 24) to sing or hum during daily kangaroo care during 33–40 gestational weeks (GW). In the control group, the mothers (n = 12) conducted daily kanga…
Development and validation of the Healthy-Unhealthy Music Scale.
2015
Background Music is an integral part of life in youth, and although it has been acknowledged that musical behavior reflects broader psychosocial aspects of adolescent behavior, no measurement instruments have been specifically designed for assessing musical engagement as an indicator of adolescent wellbeing and/or symptomatology. This study was conducted in order to develop and validate a scale for assessing musical engagement as an indicator of proneness for depression in youth. Method Items were developed based on the literature and a prior grounded theory analysis and three surveys (N = 54, N = 187, N = 211) were conducted to select, refine, test, and validate the items. Scale structure …
L’évaluation psychologique en situation transculturelle : une révision de la littérature
2022
Resume Les divers mouvements de deplacement humains nous poussent un peu plus chaque jour a nous rencontrer et a relever les defis que nous proposent les echanges avec l’Autre culturellement different. Dans le champ de la psychologie, l’evaluation psychologique fait partie de l’une des interrogations princeps puisque centrale de nos prises en charges quotidiennes. Considerant que la plupart des tests et manuels diagnostiques ont ete developpes dans le contexte occidental, l’application de ces outils a d’autres populations reste controversee. Cette revision de la litterature a comme but de decrire l’etat des connaissances actuelles sur l’examen psychologique en situation transculturelle. Plu…
Les effets de techniques d’engagement et de dissonance cognitive sur l’attitude, la force de l’attitude et les raisonnements
2020
Resume Cette etude s’interesse a l’impact des techniques d’engagement et de dissonance sur l’attitude, la force de l’attitude et les raisonnements associes au changement d’attitude. Les participants etaient places dans une situation experimentale basee sur l’engagement ou la dissonance ou dans une condition controle, le changement portant sur le rapport a la nourriture a base d’insectes. L’attitude (instrumentale, affective, globale) et la force de l’attitude (ambivalence, importance, extremite, certitude, intensite) ont ete mesurees. Les discours recueillis a partir des consignes experimentales etaient analyses avec TROPES et la methode des schemes cognitifs de base. Les resultats revelent…
Apprentissage, mémorisation, et généralisation de nouveaux noms chez l'enfant trisomique 21. Une comparaison avec l'enfant en développement normal
2006
Resume On a compare un groupe d'enfants trisomique 21 (T21) a un groupe temoin compose d'enfants en developpement normal apparie sur la base de l'âge mental, dans une tâche d'apprentissage lexical. Apres apprentissage du nom de quatre animaux ou de quatre instruments de musique non familiers, on evaluait la retention des associations mot–stimulus par une tâche de denomination et une tâche de designation apres trois delais. Les resultats revelent que les enfants T21 sont superieurs au groupe temoin dans la tâche de denomination. Les processus d'apprentissage des associations mot–objet ne sont pas deficitaires chez les personnes avec trisomie 21. En outre, les deux populations semblent utilis…