Search results for "growth"

International R&D spillovers in the multi-country Schumpeterian growth model

2007

en ligne : http://ungaro.u-bourgogne.fr/pages/Documents%20de%20travail/Economie/e2007-04.pdf; Document de travail du LEG 2007-04; This paper reconsiders the multi-country Schumpeterian growth model and its empirical implications. We first show that the model implies a spatial econometric reduced form. Indeed, the global interdependence implied by international R&D spillovers needs to betaken into account in the theoretical model as well as in the empirical model. The spatial econometric model we propose includes the neoclassical growth model as a particular case. We can therefore test explicitly the role of R&D investment in the long run growth processagainst the Solow growth model which is…

ShRNA-mediated knock-down of CXCL8 inhibits tumor growth in colorectal liver metastasis.

2018

CXCL8 belongs to proinflammatory chemokines that are predominantly involved in neutrophil chemotaxis and degranulation. Several studies have suggested that secretion of CXCL8 from cancer cells have a profound effect on tumor microenvironment. In this study, in continuation to our previous work of understanding the global picture of invasion related genes in colorectal liver metastases, we clearly show an up-regulation of CXCL8 expression in the tumor cells at the invasion front as compared to the tumor cells in the inner parts of the tumor. Furthermore, ShRNA mediated down-regulation of CXCL8 resulted in inhibition of cell proliferation, viability and invasion in vitro and a near complete g…

Posttraumatic Propofol Neurotoxicity Is Mediated via the Pro–Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor-p75 Neurotrophin Receptor Pathway in Adult Mice*

2016

Objectives:The gamma-aminobutyric acid modulator propofol induces neuronal cell death in healthy immature brains by unbalancing neurotrophin homeostasis via p75 neurotrophin receptor signaling. In adulthood, p75 neurotrophin receptor becomes down-regulated and propofol loses its neurotoxic effect. H

2016

Background Contractile myofibroblasts (MFs) accumulate in the joint capsules of patients suffering from posttraumatic joint stiffness. MF activation is controlled by a complex local network of growth factors and cytokines, ending in the increased production of extracellular matrix components followed by soft tissue contracture. Despite the tremendous growth of knowledge in this field, inconsistencies remain in practice and prevention.

Pfeiffer syndrome: clinical and genetic findings in five Brazilian families

2014

Pfeiffer syndrome (PS) is mainly characterized by craniosysnostosis, midface hypoplasia, great toes with partial syndactyly of the digits and broad and medially deviated thumbs. It is caused by allelic mutations in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 and 2 (FGFR1 and 2) genes. This study describes the clinical and genetic features of five Brazilian families affected by PS. All patients exhibited the classical phenotypes related to PS. The genetic analysis was able to detect the mutations Cys278Phe, Cys342Arg, and Val359Leu in three of these families. Two mutations were de novo, with one familial. We identified pathogenic mutations in four PS cases in five Brazilian families by PCR seque…

Monitoring bone growth using quantitative ultrasound in comparison with DXA and pQCT.

2008

Quantitative ultrasound (QUS) is a safe, inexpensive, and nonradiation method for bone density assessment. QUS correlates with, and predicts fragility fractures comparable to, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-derived bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women. However, its validity in monitoring bone growth in children is not well understood. Two hundred and fifty-eight 10-13 yr pubertal girls and 9 37-43 yr adults without diseases or history of medications known to affect bone metabolism were included in the 2-yr prospective study. Calcaneal broadband ultrasound attenuation (cBUA) was assessed using QUS-2 (Quidel, Santa Clara, CA), speed of sound of tibial shaft (tSOS) using …

Clonal heterogeneity of the growth and invasive response of a human breast carcinoma cell line to parathyroid hormone-related peptide fragments

1997

It has been previously reported that 8701-BC cells, derived from a primary carcinoma of the breast, constitutively express parathyroid hormone (PTH)-related peptide (PTHrP) and PTH/PTHrP receptor (PTH/PTHrP-R) genes, that N-terminal, mid-regional and C-terminal immunoreactive PTHrP can be found in cell conditioned medium and, furthermore, that exogenously added PTHrP (1-34), (67-86) and, to a minor extent, (107-139) are anti-mitogenic but promote Matrigel invasion by this cell line. It has also been reported that PTHrP gene expression is selectively switched on in those 8701-BC clonal lines endowed with a higher proliferation rate and invasive ability in vitro. Here we have first examined t…

Osteoprotegerin: multiple partners for multiple functions.

2013

Osteoprotegerin (OPG) is an essential secreted protein in bone turnover due to its role as a decoy receptor for the Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kB ligand (RANKL) in the osteoclasts, thus inhibiting their differentiation. However, there are additional ligands of OPG that confer various biological functions. OPG can promote cell survival, cell proliferation and facilitates migration by binding TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL), glycosaminoglycans or proteoglycans. A large number of in vitro, pre-clinical and clinical studies provide evidences of OPG involvement in vascular, bone, immune and tumor biology. This review describes an overview of the different OPG ligands regu…

Dystroglycan regulates structure, proliferation and differentiation of neuroepithelial cells in the developing vertebrate CNS.

2007

AbstractIn the developing CNS α- and β-dystroglycan are highly concentrated in the endfeet of radial neuroepithelial cells at the contact site to the basal lamina. We show that injection of anti-dystroglycan Fab fragments, knockdown of dystroglycan using RNAi, and overexpression of a dominant-negative dystroglycan protein by microelectroporation in neuroepithelial cells of the chick retina and optic tectum in vivo leads to the loss of their radial morphology, to hyperproliferation, to an increased number of postmitotic neurons, and to an altered distribution of several basally concentrated proteins. Moreover, these treatments also altered the oriented growth of axons from retinal ganglion c…

Osteoprotegerin expression in liver is induced by IL-13 through TGF-β

2020

1.AbstractBackgroundsOsteoprotegerin (OPG) is a profibrotic mediator produced by myofibroblasts under influence of transforming growth factor β (TGFβ). Its expression in experimental models of liver fibrosis correlates well with disease severity and treatment responses. The regulation of OPG in liver tissue is largely unknown and we therefore set out to elucidate which growth factors/interleukins associated with fibrosis induce OPG and through which pathways.MethodsPrecision-cut liver slices of wild type and STAT6-deficient mice and 3T3 fibroblasts were used to investigate the effects of TGFβ, interleukin (IL) 13 (IL13), IL1β, and platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB) on expression of…