Search results for "hate"

showing 10 items of 2099 documents

3'-Arylazido-beta-alanyl-2-azido ATP, a cross-linking photoaffinity label for F1ATPases.

1989

Abstract The synthesis of the 3′-arylazido-2-azido ATP derivative 3′-O-{3-[N-(4-azido-2-nitrophenyl)-amino]propionyl}2-azido-adenosine 5′-triphosphate (2,3′-DiN3ATP) is described. The bifunc­ tional photoreactive ATP analog is characterized spectroscopically. Photoaffinity labeling of F, ATPase from Micrococcus luteus by this analog results in the inactivation of the enzyme and in the formation of higher molecular weight cross-links,

chemistry.chemical_classificationAzidesPhotoaffinity labelingbiologyLightStereochemistryAffinity Labelsbiology.organism_classificationGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyMicrococcuschemistry.chemical_compoundKineticsProton-Translocating ATPasesEnzymeAdenosine TriphosphatechemistryIndicators and ReagentsBifunctionalBeta (finance)Micrococcus luteusDerivative (chemistry)Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung. C, Journal of biosciences
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The influence of aromatic cations on the geometries of the Bi(III) halide polyhedra. Synthesis and crystal structures of quinolinium, isoquinolinium …

2001

Abstract The compounds [quinolinium]4[Bi2Cl10] (1), [isoquinolinium]4[Bi2Cl10].2H2O (2) and [8-hydroxyquinolinium]4[BiCl6]·Cl·2H2O (3) have been obtained by reacting bismuthate oxide and the appropriate base in HCl acid medium. The crystal structures of 1 and 2 consist of quinolinium and isoquinolinium cations, respectively, interacting through hydrogen bonding with [Bi2Cl10]4− dimers. The different degree of interactions in the two derivatives causes significant differences in the bond distances of the anions. The crystal structure of 3 is made of [BiCl6]3− and Cl− anions and 8-hydroxyquinolinium cations. Hydrogen bond interactions including the N-bonded and O-bonded H atoms together with …

chemistry.chemical_classificationBase (chemistry)Hydrogen bondInorganic chemistryChlorine atomBismuthateOxideHalideCrystal structureInorganic ChemistryCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundPolyhedron8-hydroxyquinoliniumchemistrybismuthMaterials ChemistrystructurePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryInorganica Chimica Acta
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Effect of chelatants on gellan gel rheological properties and setting temperature for immobilization of living bifidobacteria.

1993

The effect of various concentrations of sequestrants (sodium citrate, sodium metaphosphate, and EDTA) was studied on gellan gel (1.5-2.5% (w/v)) setting temperature and rheological properties. Addition of EDTA between 0 and 0.8% (w/v) led to a progressive decrease of setting temperature. Citrate and metaphosphate decreased this parameter when added up to 0.4 or 0.6%, depending on gellan gum concentration, eventually resulting in the absence of gel formation at room temperature for the 1.5% gellan solution containing 0.4% citrate. This effect was accompanied by a significant decrease of gel strength and stiffness and might be attributed to the binding of the divalent cations required for cha…

chemistry.chemical_classificationBifidobacterium longumChromatographybiologyMetaphosphatePolysaccharides BacterialTemperatureConcentration effectHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationPolysaccharidebiology.organism_classificationGellan gumLactic acidCulture Mediachemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryCell MovementSodium citrateFermentationBifidobacteriumRheologyGelsBiotechnologyChelating AgentsBiotechnology progress
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l-Valine biosynthesis during batch and fed-batch cultivations of Corynebacterium glutamicum: Relationship between changes in bacterial growth rate an…

2007

Abstract A transition in the bacterial growth rate to below maximum was found to be an optimum parameter of cellular physiology to increase the activity of acetohydroxy acid synthase, a regulatory enzyme in l -valine synthesis, and amino acid overproduction by Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032 recombinants under batch and fed-batch cultivation conditions. An increase in l -valine synthesis under transient situations when cellular growth rate was downregulated was correlated to a decrease in the activity of aconitase, a key enzyme in the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) of C. glutamicum , and, in contrast, to an increase in the activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, a key enzyme in…

chemistry.chemical_classificationBioengineeringMetabolismPentose phosphate pathwayBiologyApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyBiochemistryAconitaseAmino acidCorynebacterium glutamicumCitric acid cyclechemistryBiochemistryValineAmino acid synthesisProcess Biochemistry
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EFFECTS OF SENSITIZED AND UNSENSITIZED LONGWAVE U.V.-IRRADIATION ON THE SOLUTION PROPERTIES OF DNA

1971

— Two types of photoreactions occur in DNA irradiated in aqueous systems with longwave u.v.-light (Λ > 295 nm), namely, (a) thymine dimerization, and (b) single- and double-strand breakage of the sugar phosphate backbone; these two reactions are unrelated. The presence of acetophenone as a photosensitizer caused an increase in dimerization by a factor of 16, and an increase in single-strand breaks by a factor of 4. The number of thymine dimers per single-strand break is about 100 in the sensitized and 25 in the unsensitized reaction. The alteration of the radius of gyration of DNA molecules is that expected by the degradation observed. At the same time the change in hyperchromicity is very …

chemistry.chemical_classificationCarbon IsotopesAqueous solutionSugar phosphatesUltraviolet RaysHyperchromicityPyrimidine dimerDNAGeneral MedicinePhotochemistryBiochemistryThymineRadiation Effectschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryEscherichia coliRadius of gyrationPhotosensitizerPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryThymineDNAPhotochemistry and Photobiology
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Speciation of chitosan-phosphate and chitosan-nucleotide systems in an NaCl aqueous solution

2010

AbstractThe speciation of chitosan (310 kDa) with organic (adenosine 5’-monophosphate, AMP, and adenosine 5’-triphosphate, ATP), and inorganic phosphorus containing ligands (phosphate and pyrophosphate) was investigated in NaCl aqueous solutions at I = 0.1mol L−1 and T = 25°C. For all the systems, the investigated results obtained gave evidence for the formation of (chitosan)LHi complex species (L = nucleotides, phosphate and pyrophosphate; i = 1 to 4, but for AMP, i = 1 to 3). The stability data of complex species were used to calculate the sequestering ability of chitosan towards phosphorus compounds considered here, expressed as pL50 i.e., – log(total chitosan concentration) necessary to…

chemistry.chemical_classificationChemical Health and SafetyAqueous solutionChemistryLigandHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisPhosphorusInorganic chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementToxicologyPhosphatePyrophosphateAdenosineChitosanchemistry.chemical_compoundchitosan nucleotides phosphorus containing ligands chemical speciation polyammonium-phosphate interaction polyammonium-nucleotide interactionmedicineNucleotideSettore CHIM/01 - Chimica Analiticamedicine.drug
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Synthesis, Structural, Magnetic and Thermal Characterization of {[Cu(bipy)] 2 (μ‐HP 2 O 7 )(μ‐Cl)}·H 2 O

2008

Copper(II) hydroxide reacts with 2,2′-bipyridine (bipy) and sodium pyrophosphate in a 2:2:1 stoichiometric ratio under ambient conditions at pH 1.6 in water. The resulting neutral dinuclear CuII complex features a bridging set containing bridging monoprotonated pyrophosphate and a monoatomic chloro bridge (making this the first pyrophosphate bridged coordination complex containing an alternate, additional halide bridge between the metal centers). Single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies revealed the complex to be {[Cu(bipy)]2(μ-HP2O7)(μ-Cl)}·H2O. The structure consists of a dimeric copper(II) system with each metal ion in a square pyramidal geometry. The asymmetric [Cu(bipy)]2+ units are br…

chemistry.chemical_classificationChemistryHydrogen bondInorganic chemistryProtonationPyrophosphateMagnetic susceptibilitySquare pyramidal molecular geometryCoordination complexInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographyIntramolecular forceMoleculeEuropean Journal of Inorganic Chemistry
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Hydrophobicity of Ionizable Compounds. A Theoretical Study and Measurements of Diuretic Octanol−Water Partition Coefficients by Countercurrent Chroma…

1999

Countercurrent chromatography was used to determine the octanol−water partition coefficients (Po/w) of 23 diuretic drugs. The measured Po/w values ranged over 4 orders of magnitude from 0.05 to 550 (−1.3 < log Po/w < +2.7). All the compounds, except spironolactone, were ionizable. The Po/w values were strongly depending on the aqueous-phase pH. A theoretical model linking these values with the pH was derived for four cases:  (i) molecular acid−anionic base, (ii) cationic acid−molecular base, (iii) biprotic systems with two acidic or basic groups showing the same charge sign, and (iv) biprotic systems with ionizable groups showing different charges with special attention to the amino acid ca…

chemistry.chemical_classificationChromatographyBase (chemistry)Ammonium phosphateCarboxylic acidCationic polymerizationAnalytical chemistryAnalytical ChemistryPartition coefficientchemistry.chemical_compoundCountercurrent chromatographychemistryAmine gas treatingIonic compoundAnalytical Chemistry
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Physicochemical compatibility of nebuliser solution admixtures containing colistimethate and hypertonic saline or colistimethate, fluticasone-17-prop…

2012

Objectives For practical reasons, patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) tend to mix different inhalation solutions for concomitant inhalation instead of inhaling the different medications consecutively. A study was undertaken to examine the compatibility of colistimethate dissolved in 5.85% hypertonic sodium chloride (NaCl) solution and the quadripartite mixtures of colistimethate, fluticasone-17-propionate, ipratropium bromide and salbutamol sulfate. Methods The test solutions were prepared by mixing ordinary doses of the inhalation products and analysed immediately. Microbiological assays of antibiotics and high-performance liquid chromatography assays were used to determine chemical compati…

chemistry.chemical_classificationChromatographyInhalationChemistryIpratropium bromideAntimicrobialHypertonic salineAnesthesiamedicinePropionateGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticsSalbutamol sulfateColistimethateFluticasonemedicine.drugEuropean Journal of Hospital Pharmacy
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Homochiral self-assembly of biocoordination polymers: anion-triggered helicity and absolute configuration inversion

2015

The different natures of the weakly coordinating anions – triflate or perchlorate – in the Cu2+-mediated self-assembly of cytidine monophosphate nucleotide play a fundamental role in the homochiral resolution process, yielding one-dimensional copper(II) coordination polymers of opposite helicity that can be easily inverted, in a reversible way, by changing the nature of the anion as revealed by circular dichroism experiments both in solution and in the solid state.

chemistry.chemical_classificationCytidine monophosphateCircular dichroismStereochemistryAbsolute configurationGeneral ChemistryPolymerHelicityPerchloratechemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographychemistrySelf-assemblyTrifluoromethanesulfonateChemical Science
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