Search results for "imulation"

Individual Differences in Auditory, Pain, and Motor Stimulation

2007

Abstract. Augmenting/reducing is a personality dimension related to the processing of sensory stimuli. Augmenters are assumed to augment the impact of stimuli leading to stimulation-avoidant behavior and lower pain tolerance. Reducers are assumed to attenuate sensory stimuli leading to stimulation-seeking behavior and higher pain tolerance. Augmenting/reducing can be assessed by the method of evoked potentials or - as in this study - by questionnaire. Two studies were conducted to examine associations between augmenting/reducing as assessed by questionnaire and stimulus intensity modulation. Study 1 found reducers (n = 24, 12 females) to more frequently consume psychoactive substances and …

Ipsilesional and contralesional regions participate in the improvement of poststroke aphasia: a transcranial direct current stimulation study

2015

In the past few years, noninvasive cerebral stimulations have been used to modulate language task performance in healthy and aphasic patients. In this study, a dual transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on anterior and posterior language areas was applied for 2 weeks to a patient with a possible crossed aphasia following a right hemisphere stroke. Inhibitory cathodal stimulation of the right Brodmann areas (BA) 44/45 and simultaneous anodal stimulation of the left BA 44/45 improved the patient’s performance in picture naming. Conversely, the same bilateral montage on BA 39/40 did not produce any significant improvement; finally, electrode polarity inversion over BA 39/40 yielded a fu…

Quantification of myocardial blood flow and blood flow reserve in the presence of arterial dispersion: A simulation study

2002

Myocardial blood flow (MBF) can be quantified using dynamic T1-weighted MRI of diffusible tracers and a mathematical model of underlying vasculature. Quantification of MBF by means of T1- weighted MRI requires knowledge of the arterial input function (AIF). The AIF can be estimated from the left ventricular (LV) cavity. However, dispersion may occur between the LV and the tissue of interest because of the laminar blood flow profiles, branching of venules, and because of stenosis. To evaluate the influence of dispersion on the results of MBF quantification, a simulation study was performed. The dispersion was described as a convolution of the AIF with an exponential residue function. Synthet…

Habenular effect on hippocampal excitability is not cholinergically-mediated.

1989

Increased pain and neurogenic inflammation in mice deficient of neutral endopeptidase

2009

The complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is characterized by enhanced neurogenic inflammation, mediated by neuropeptides. Neutral endopeptidase (NEP) is a key enzyme in neuropeptide catabolism. We used NEP knock out (ko) mice to investigate whether NEP deficiency leads to increased pain behavior and signs of neurogenic inflammation after soft tissue trauma with and without nerve injury. After chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the right sciatic nerve, NEP ko mice were more sensitive to heat, to mechanical stimuli, and to cold than wild type mice. Tissue injury without nerve injury produced no differences between genotypes. After CCI, NEP ko mice showed increased hind paw edema but lower …

Effect of water immersion on post-rotatory and caloric nystagmus.

1991

Caloric nystagmus and post-rotatory nystagmus were recorded with and without head-out water immersion. As water immersion reduces body weight by about 90% owing to buoyancy, it decreases somatosensory inputs. Thus water immersion can be used to simulate a weightless environment. Caloric nystagmus was enhanced significantly by water immersion; however, post-rotatory nystagmus was not. These findings demonstrate that caloric nystagmus is easily affected by water immersion which decreases somatosensory inputs, but that post-rotatory nystagmus is not.

Inhibition of ovarian steroidogenesis by cyclic-GMP in a fly

2003

1479-6805 0022-0795; Previous investigations in the female blowfly Phormia regina have shown that 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX), a broad spectrum inhibitor of phosphodiesterases (PDEs), fails to mimic the steroidogenic effects of cAMP on ovaries, although it efficiently increases the concentrations of this second messenger. In this study, experiments carried out to clear up this contradiction demonstrated that IBMX, besides its effect on cAMP, also increased cGMP concentrations in blowfly ovary and that these two cyclic nucleotides controlled ovarian steroidogenesis antagonistically. In particular, a selective inhibitor of cGMP-specific PDEs, unlike IBMX, had a very strong negative eff…

Percutaneous Tibial Nerve Stimulation for Treatment of Idiopathic Faecal Incontinence: Mid-term Results from a Single Center

2016

Abstract Objective: Percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation is a recent and minimally invasive treatment for faecal incontinence (FI). The aim of this study is to evaluate the mid-term results in patients with idiopathic faecal incontinence (IFI). Methods: Fifty one patients (42 female and 9 male) were prospectively recruited. Patients were treated twice a week for 6 weeks as per study protocol. We have assessed the degree of fecal incontinence using the Cleveland Clinic faecal incontinence (CCF-FI) score at baseline, at 6 weeks, at 6 months and at 1 year. Also the anorectal manometric data (mean resting pressure (MRP), squeeze pressure (SP) and, rectal sensation) at baseline, at 6 weeks and …

Psychophysical and electrofunctional contrast sensitivity in cataractous patients treated with bendazac-lysine salt

1990

The clinical progression of the cataract may be influenced by drugs which reduce the denaturation of lens proteins. One of the most promising drugs is the bendazac-lysine salt. The drug was used in a double-blind study of a group of patients with initial cortical cataract in order to evaluate the changes in visual acuity and contrast sensitivity by means of a psychophysical and an electrophysiological method. After 6 months of treatment with bendazac the mean values of visual acuity showed a statistically significant increase in respect to baseline values, as well as an improvement of the threshold of contrast for most spatial frequencies. In the eyes treated with placebo there was no stati…

The effect of tacrine on acetylcholine overflow in the heart

1990

Tacrine, 10(-6) M, enhanced the acetylcholine (ACh) overflow evoked in perfused chicken hearts by field stimulation (5 Hz, 1 min) from 183 to 346 pmol g-1 min-1. Increase to the same level were observed after pretreatment with diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP) as well as after DFP plus 10(-6) M tacrine. Tacrine, 10(-5) M, caused further enhancement with or without DFP up to 851 pmol g-1 min-1. It was concluded that 10(-6) M tacrine enhanced the ACh overflow by choline esterase inhibition, whereas 10(-5) M tacrine caused, in addition, an increase of neuronal ACh release.