Search results for "lcsh:Mathematics"

showing 10 items of 384 documents

Bayesian Analysis of Population Health Data

2021

The analysis of population-wide datasets can provide insight on the health status of large populations so that public health officials can make data-driven decisions. The analysis of such datasets often requires highly parameterized models with different types of fixed and random effects to account for risk factors, spatial and temporal variations, multilevel effects and other sources on uncertainty. To illustrate the potential of Bayesian hierarchical models, a dataset of about 500,000 inhabitants released by the Polish National Health Fund containing information about ischemic stroke incidence for a 2-year period is analyzed using different types of models. Spatial logistic regression and…

FOS: Computer and information sciencesmedicine.medical_specialtyComputer scienceGeneral MathematicsBayesian probabilitydisease mappingPopulation healthbayesian inference; disease mapping; integrated nested Laplace approximation; spatial models; survival modelsBayesian inferenceLogistic regressionStatistics - Applications01 natural sciences010104 statistics & probability03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineStatisticsComputer Science (miscellaneous)medicineApplications (stat.AP)spatial models0101 mathematicsEngineering (miscellaneous)Socioeconomic statusbayesian inferencesurvival modelslcsh:MathematicsPublic healthintegrated nested Laplace approximationlcsh:QA1-939Random effects modelSpatial variability030217 neurology & neurosurgeryMathematics
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The Bias toward the Right Side of Others Is Stronger for Hands than for Feet

2021

As shown by a series of previous studies, ambiguous human bodies performing unimanual or unipedal actions tend to be perceived more frequently as right-handed or right-footed rather than left-handed or left-footed, which indicates a perceptual and attentional bias toward the right side of others&rsquo

Footednessmedicine.medical_specialtyfootednessPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)General Mathematicsmedia_common.quotation_subjectRelative strengthAttentional bias050105 experimental psychologyhandedness03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePhysical medicine and rehabilitationPerceptionComputer Science (miscellaneous)medicine0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesmedia_commonhuman bodylcsh:Mathematics05 social scienceslcsh:QA1-939Chemistry (miscellaneous)perceptual frequency effectambiguous figuresPsychology030217 neurology & neurosurgeryFoot (unit)Symmetry
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An Approach to the Concept of Soft Fuzzy Proximity

2014

The purpose of this paper is to introduce the concept of soft fuzzy proximity. Firstly, we give the definitions of soft fuzzy proximity and Katsaras soft fuzzy proximity, and also we investigate the relations between the soft fuzzy proximity and slightly modified version of Katsaras soft fuzzy proximity. Secondly, we induce a soft fuzzy topology from a given soft fuzzy proximity by using soft fuzzy closure operator. Then, we obtain the initial soft fuzzy proximity from a given family of soft fuzzy proximities. So, we describe products in the category of soft fuzzy proximities. Finally, we show that a family of all soft fuzzy proximities on a given set constitutes a complete lattice.

Fuzzy classificationTheoretical computer scienceArticle SubjectMathematics::General MathematicsApplied MathematicsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenalcsh:MathematicsTopologylcsh:QA1-939DefuzzificationFuzzy logicComputingMethodologies_PATTERNRECOGNITIONComplete latticeFuzzy numberFuzzy set operationsClosure operatorFuzzy associative matrixComputingMethodologies_GENERALAnalysisComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSMathematicsAbstract and Applied Analysis
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Selección de personal basada en métodos difusos

2011

[ES] Las decisiones de los directivos en cuanto a la selección de personal determinan en gran medida el éxito de la empresa. Una elección adecuada de los empleados proporciona una ventaja comparativa. Proponemos un método borroso para la selección de personal basado en la gestión de competencias y la comparación con la valoración que la empresa considera más adecuada para cada trabajo (el candidato ideal). Nuestro método utiliza la distancia de Hamming y el Matching Level Index. Los algoritmos, implementados con el software Sta¿Designer, nos permite establecer un ranking de candidatos, incluso cuando las competencias del candidato ideal han sido evaluadas tan solo en parte. Nuestro enfoque …

Fuzzy setsOperations researchComputer scienceMaterials Science (miscellaneous)Personnel selectionGestión de competenciasManagement competencesCompetitive advantageFuzzy logicIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringPersonnel selectionselección de personalSoftwareConjuntos difusosBusiness and International Managementconjuntos borrososFuzzy methodCompetence (human resources)Valuation (finance)Selección de personalselección de personalmanagement competencesbusiness.industrylcsh:MathematicsHamming distancegestión de competenciaslcsh:QA1-939fuzzy setsconjuntos difusosORGANIZACION DE EMPRESASConjuntos borrosospersonnel selectionbusinessgestión de competenciasRevista de Matemática: Teoría y Aplicaciones
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Strong chromatic index of products of graphs

2007

Graphs and Algorithms

General Computer ScienceCritical graphKronecker product[INFO.INFO-DM]Computer Science [cs]/Discrete Mathematics [cs.DM]strong productinduced matchingTheoretical Computer ScienceCombinatoricssymbols.namesakeComputer Science::Discrete MathematicsCartesian productDiscrete Mathematics and CombinatoricsChromatic scaleMathematicsDiscrete mathematicsKronecker productMathematics::Combinatoricslcsh:Mathematics[ INFO.INFO-DM ] Computer Science [cs]/Discrete Mathematics [cs.DM]Cartesian productlcsh:QA1-939Graph[INFO.INFO-DM] Computer Science [cs]/Discrete Mathematics [cs.DM]Edge coloringMSC 05C15strong product.symbolsHypercubeStrong edge colouringMathematicsofComputing_DISCRETEMATHEMATICS
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Local Normal Forms for First-Order Logic with Applications to Games and Automata

1999

Building on work of Gaifman [Gai82] it is shown that every first-order formula is logically equivalent to a formula of the form ∃ x_1,...,x_l, \forall y, φ where φ is r-local around y, i.e. quantification in φ is restricted to elements of the universe of distance at most r from y. \par From this and related normal forms, variants of the Ehrenfeucht game for first-order and existential monadic second-order logic are developed that restrict the possible strategies for the spoiler, one of the two players. This makes proofs of the existence of a winning strategy for the duplicator, the other player, easier and can thus simplify inexpressibility proofs. \par As another application, automata mode…

General Computer ScienceLogical equivalenceautomataComputer scienceOf the formMathematical proofMonadic predicate calculusTheoretical Computer ScienceCombinatoricslocalityDeterministic automatonDiscrete Mathematics and CombinatoricsMathematicsgamesDiscrete mathematicsPredicate logiclcsh:MathematicsLocalityAtomic formulaexistential monadic second-order logiclcsh:QA1-939AutomatonFirst-order logic[INFO.INFO-DM] Computer Science [cs]/Discrete Mathematics [cs.DM]TheoryofComputation_MATHEMATICALLOGICANDFORMALLANGUAGESAutomata theoryFirst-order logicDiscrete Mathematics & Theoretical Computer Science
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Approximation Algorithms for Multicoloring Planar Graphs and Powers of Square and Triangular Meshes

2006

A multicoloring of a weighted graph G is an assignment of sets of colors to the vertices of G so that two adjacent vertices receive two disjoint sets of colors. A multicoloring problem on G is to find a multicoloring of G. In particular, we are interested in a minimum multicoloring that uses the least total number of colors. The main focus of this work is to obtain upper bounds on the weighted chromatic number of some classes of graphs in terms of the weighted clique number. We first propose an 11/6-approximation algorithm for multicoloring any weighted planar graph. We then study the multicoloring problem on powers of square and triangular meshes. Among other results, we show that the infi…

General Computer SciencePower graphAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaInduced subgraphDisjoint setsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics[INFO.INFO-DM]Computer Science [cs]/Discrete Mathematics [cs.DM]Theoretical Computer ScienceCombinatoricssymbols.namesakeTriangle meshGreedy algorithmDiscrete Mathematics and CombinatoricsAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsColoringPolygon meshProduct graphMathematicsComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICSDiscrete mathematicsGreedy algorithm.lcsh:MathematicsApproximation algorithmGraph theory[ INFO.INFO-DM ] Computer Science [cs]/Discrete Mathematics [cs.DM]Cartesian productlcsh:QA1-939Approximation algorithmPlanar graphGraph theory[INFO.INFO-DM] Computer Science [cs]/Discrete Mathematics [cs.DM]symbolsMulticoloring
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Recent Nordic research in mathematics education illustrated by examples from NORMA17

2021

A characterization of recent Nordic research in didactics of mathematics is presented based on the 32 research reports from the Nordic and Baltic countries in the proceedings from NORMA17 (The eighth Nordic conference on didactics of mathematics). Recent Nordic research in didactics of mathematics is observed from several aspects such as choice of problem, theory, method, result, and target for the message. The analyses of the papers on different levels and from a manifold of perspectives build up an image of what Nordic research in DM (didactics of mathematics) contains and represents currently. The closeness and cooperation between researchers in the Nordic countries is characteristic as …

General MathematicsClosenessPsychological intervention02 engineering and technologysocio-scientific triad01 natural sciencestargetEmpirical researchAge groups0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringComputer Science (miscellaneous)Mathematics education0101 mathematicsResearch in didactics of mathematicsEngineering (miscellaneous)research study paradigmslcsh:MathematicsPedagogy010102 general mathematicsresearch in didactics of mathematicsDidacticsPedagogikDidaktiklcsh:QA1-939VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Matematikk: 410Variety (cybernetics)Variation (linguistics)messages020201 artificial intelligence & image processing
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Logistic Growth Described by Birth-Death and Diffusion Processes

2019

We consider the logistic growth model and analyze its relevant properties, such as the limits, the monotony, the concavity, the inflection point, the maximum specific growth rate, the lag time, and the threshold crossing time problem. We also perform a comparison with other growth models, such as the Gompertz, Korf, and modified Korf models. Moreover, we focus on some stochastic counterparts of the logistic model. First, we study a time-inhomogeneous linear birth-death process whose conditional mean satisfies an equation of the same form of the logistic one. We also find a sufficient and necessary condition in order to have a logistic mean even in the presence of an absorbing endpoint. Then…

General MathematicsGompertz functionLogistic regressionConditional expectation01 natural sciencestransition probabilities03 medical and health sciencesFano factorComputer Science (miscellaneous)Applied mathematicsItô equationLimit (mathematics)0101 mathematicsLogistic functionStratonovich equationEngineering (miscellaneous)first-passage-time problem030304 developmental biologyMathematicslogistic model0303 health scienceslcsh:MathematicsItô equation010102 general mathematicsdiffusion processeslogistic model; birth-death process; first-passage-time problem; transition probabilities; Fano factor; coefficient of variation; diffusion processes; Itô equation; Stratonovich equation; diffusion in a potentiallcsh:QA1-939Birth–death processcoefficient of variationDiffusion processbirth-death processInflection pointdiffusion in a potentialMathematics
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Improving the Representativeness of a Simple Random Sample: An Optimization Model and Its Application to the Continuous Sample of Working Lives

2020

This paper proposes an optimization model for selecting a larger subsample that improves the representativeness of a simple random sample previously obtained from a population larger than the population of interest. The problem formulation involves convex mixed-integer nonlinear programming (convex MINLP) and is, therefore, NP-hard. However, the solution is found by maximizing the size of the subsample taken from a stratified random sample with proportional allocation and restricting it to a p-value large enough to achieve a good fit to the population of interest using Pearson&rsquo

General MathematicsPopulation0211 other engineering and technologiessubsamplingSample (statistics)02 engineering and technologyRepresentativeness heuristic:CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS [UNESCO]Nonlinear programming0502 economics and businessStatisticsComputer Science (miscellaneous)Chi-square testchi-square testp-value050207 economicseducationEngineering (miscellaneous)Mathematicseducation.field_of_study021103 operations researchlcsh:Mathematics05 social sciencesUNESCO::CIENCIAS ECONÓMICASp-valueSimple random samplelcsh:QA1-939Stratified samplingOptimización matemáticacontinuous sample of working livesEconomía públicaoptimizationMathematics
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