Search results for "monoclonal antibody"
showing 10 items of 356 documents
Targeting a Specific Glycosylated Epitope of CD43 with a New Humanized Monoclonal Antibody for the Treatment of Pediatric and Adult T-Cell Acute Lymp…
2018
Abstract Introduction: T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) accounts for about 20% of pediatric and adult ALL cases. Despite the use of intensive chemotherapy protocols, 25% of children and 50% of adult patients fail to respond or relapse. The 3-years prognosis for these patients is poor and novel treatment options are needed. The targeting of tumor-associated antigens by monoclonal antibodies (mAb) is among the most investigated immune-therapeutic strategies. Accordingly, we developed a new humanized mAb (hUMG1), directed against a heavy glycosylated epitope of CD43 which presents a high reactivity against T-ALL cells. Here we investigated the pre-clinical therapeutic activity and t…
Two-site ELISA for quantification of the terminal C5b-9 complement complex in plasma
1993
Abstract A quantitative ELISA procedure using monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies against neoantigens of the terminal C5b-9 complement complex has been developed. The ELISA was demonstrated to be both sensitive and reproducible. The normal range for C5b-9 determinations, defined as 2.5–97.5% interval of the values obtained in 76 healthy blood donors, was 3.12–10.3 AU/ml. The presence of rheumatoid factor did not affect the determination of C5b-9 as demonstrated by immunoabsorption studies.
Generation of monoclonal antibodies against human regulatory T cells.
2009
Abstract Natural CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + regulatory T cells (Tregs) control the activation of the immune system and therefore have become a major area of research in immunology. The generation of monoclonal antibodies against human Tregs offers the possibility to discover novel Treg-specific or Treg-associated surface markers and to identify targets for a therapeutic modulation of Tregs. Here we present a methodology optimized to efficiently induce and select mAb against human Tregs by repeated immunization of mice with Tregs from a single donor and a differential two-step flow cytometry-based hybridoma screening procedure.
Secretion and antigenicity of hepatitis B virus small envelope proteins lacking cysteines in the major antigenic region.
1995
Abstract Disulfide bonds are of crucial importance for the structure and antigenic properties of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) envelope. We have evaluated the role of the eight highly conserved cysteines of the major antigenic region for assembly, secretion, and antigenicity of the envelope proteins. Mutants carrying single or multiple substitutions of alanine for cysteine were analyzed using epitope tagging and transient expression in COS-7 cells. The only single cysteines found to be indispensable for efficient secretion were Cys-107 and Cys-138, but double mutation of Cys-137 and Cys-139 also created a block to secretion. Poorly secreted mutants formed aberrant oligomeric structures. The a…
C4 Alpha-Chain Reference Typing Report
1990
Previously it was shown that C4A and C4B alpha-chains after separation on SDS-PAGE can provide valuable information on presence and absence, as well as the number of C4A and C4B genes expressed in an individual. All samples submitted for C4 reference typing were also subjected to C4 alpha-chain separation; the results were included in the Final C4 Reference Typing List [Complement Inflamm 1990;7:193-212]. In addition, in selected cases with assumed 'reversed antigenicity', Western blots of C4 alpha-chains with monoclonal anti-C4A and B antibodies were obtained. As a result, subtypic differences of C4B allotypes were detected by the comparison of monoclonal antibodies 1217 and 1228.
Immunodetection of CD45 epitopes on the surface of Candida albicans cells in culture and infected human tissues.
2000
Candida albicans is a leading cause of disseminated fungal infection in immunocompromised patients. Candida-host cell interactions are mediated at the cell surface. Since blood-group I epitopes have been detected on the surface of C albicans cells, we investigated whether CD45, the molecule that carries the I antigen on human lymphocytes, is present on the C albicans cell surface, in culture and in human tissue specimens of human candidiasis. By using monoclonal antibodies to CD45, CD45RO, and CD45RA, we found a strong immunoreactivity at the cell surface of blastoconidia bearing germ tubes but weak or no immunostaining of the germ tubes themselves. In human tissues, immunostaining of C alb…
Characterization of cell wall proteins from yeast and mycelial cells of Candida albicans by labelling with biotin: Comparison with other techniques
1992
Candida albicans ATCC 26555 blastoconidia and blastoconidia bearing germ tubes were metabolically labelled by incubating the cells with 14C-labelled protein hydrolysate and were subsequently tagged with biotin. Double-labelled (radioactive and biotinylated) cell wall proteins and glycoproteins were extracted from intact cells of both growth forms by treatment with 2-mercaptoethanol (beta ME) and with beta-glucanases (Zymolyase) after treatment with beta ME. The beta ME- and Zymolyase-extracts were separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and western blotted (immunoblotted) to nitrocellulose paper. Polyacrylamide gels were stained with Coomassie blue and process…
Modulation of P-Glycoprotein-Mediated Multidrug Resistance by Synthetic and Phytochemical Small Molecules, Monoclonal Antibodies, and Therapeutic Nuc…
2014
Multidrug resistance of malignant tumors severely hampers their successful treatment frequently leading to fatal consequences for affected patients. During the past three decades, many efforts have been spent to develop strategies to overcome multidrug resistance. Many chemical compounds have been shown to inhibit the drug efflux of the multidrug-resistance-mediating P-glycoprotein. Chemical P-glycoprotein inhibitors are from the classes of calcium channel antagonists, calmodulin inhibitors, cyclosporins, antiarrhythmics, hormones, antimalarials, antibiotics, detergents, beta-blockers, antidepressants, blood pressure lowering indol alkaloids, aerobic glycolysis inhibitors, HIV-protease inhi…
Antisense lipoprotein[a] therapy: State-of-the-art and future perspectives
2020
Several lines of evidence now attest that lipoprotein[a] (Lp[a]) is a significant risk factor for many cardiovascular disorders. This enigmatic lipoprotein, composed of a single copy of apolipoprotein B (apoB) and apolipoprotein[a] (apo [a]), expresses peculiar metabolism, virtually independent from lifestyle interventions. Several therapeutic options have hence been proposed for lowering elevated Lp[a] values, with or without concomitant effect on low density lipoprotein (LDL) particles, mostly encompassing statins, ezetimibe, nicotinic acid, lipoprotein apheresis, and anti-PCSK9 monoclonal antibodies. Since all these medical treatments have some technical and clinical drawbacks, a novel s…
Enzyme and lateral flow monoclonal antibody-based immunoassays to simultaneously determine spirotetramat and spirotetramat-enol in foodstuffs.
2021
Spirotetramat is employed worldwide to fight insect pests due to its high efficiency. This chemical is quickly metabolized by plants into spirotetramat-enol, so current regulations establish that both compounds must be determined in foodstuffs for monitoring purposes. Nowadays, immunochemical methods constitute rapid and cost-effective strategies for chemical contaminant analysis at trace levels. However, high-affinity binders and suitable bioconjugates are required. In this study, haptens with opposite functionalisation sites were synthesized in order to generate high-affinity monoclonal antibodies. A direct competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with an IC50 value for the sum of sp…