Search results for "neurological"
showing 10 items of 393 documents
Neurological complications of Anderson-Fabry disease
2012
Characteristic clinical manifestations of AFD such as acroparesthesias, angiokeratoma, corneal opacity, hypo/ and anhidrosis, gastrointestinal symptoms, renal and cardiac dysfunctions can occur in male and female patients, although heterozygous females with AFD usually seems to be less severely affected. The most prominent CNS manifestations consist of cerebrovascular events such as transient ischaemic attacks (TIAs) and (recurrent) strokes . For the most part, CNS complications in AFD have been attributed to cerebral vasculopathy, including anatomical abnormalities. The natural history of Fabry patients includes transitory cerebral ischaemia and strokes, even in very young persons of both …
Reproducibility of electrocardiographic findings in patients with suspected reflex neurally-mediated syncope
2008
The reproducibility of electrocardiographic (ECG) recordings in syncopal recurrences and the diagnostic role of nonsyncopal arrhythmias are not well known. The objective of this study was to analyse the reproducibility of the ECG findings recorded with implantable loop recorders in 41 patients with suspected neurally-mediated syncope who were included in the International Study on Syncope of Uncertain Origin-2 study and that had > or =2 events recorded by implantable loop recorders. In these patients, the electrocardiogram obtained with the first documented syncope (index syncope) was compared with other recorded events. Twenty-two patients had > or =2 syncopes, and their electrocardiograms…
Study of the recovery patterns of elderly subacute stroke patients in an interdisciplinary neurorehabilitation unit
2015
Background This study seeks to establish the facts of the improvement over time in elderly poststroke patients. Methods A retrospective study was performed with regard to 106 subacute stroke patients aged older than 65 years, who were treated in an interdisciplinary neurorehabilitation unit. Three assessment points were established (on admission, 6 months post-onset, and 12 months post-onset), with the scores relative to 10 assessment scales having been collected at each point. Results By means of a principal component analysis, a first component was obtained, which is taken to represent a combined index of the 10 scales and to express the overall health status of the patient. An analysis o…
Dietary phytoestrogens improve stroke outcome after transient focal cerebral ischemia in rats.
2006
As phytoestrogens are postulated as being neuroprotectants, we assessed the hypothesis that dietary isoflavone-type phytoestrogens are neuroprotective against ischemic stroke. Transient focal cerebral ischemia (90 min) was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) following the intraluminal thread technique, both in rats fed with soy-based diet and in rats fed with isoflavone-free diet. Cerebro-cortical laser-Doppler flow (cortical perfusion, CP), arterial blood pressure, core temperature, PaO2, PaCO2, pH and glycemia were measured before, during and after MCAO. Neurological examination and infarct volume measurements were carried out 3 days after the ischemic insult. Dietary isofl…
1 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of the unaffected hemisphere ameliorates contralesional visuospatial neglect in humans
2002
The aim of the study was to investigate whether low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over the unaffected hemisphere can ameliorate visuospatial neglect. We treated three right brain damaged patients with left neglect. 900 pulses (1 Hz frequency) were given over left posterior parietal cortex every other day for 2 weeks. Patients performed a computerized task requiring length judgement of prebisected lines, tachistoscopically presented for 150 ms. With respect to rTMS the task was given 15 days before, at the beginning, at the end and 15 days after. At these times patients performed also line bisection and clock drawing tasks. rTMS induced a significant improveme…
Tight Link Between Our Sense of Limb Ownership and Self-Awareness of Actions
2007
Background and Purpose— Hemiparetic stroke patients with disturbed awareness for their motor weakness (anosognosia for hemiparesis/-plegia [AHP]) may exhibit further abnormal attitudes toward or perceptions of the affected limb(s). The present study investigated the clinical relationship and the anatomy of such abnormal attitudes and AHP. Methods— In a new series of 79 consecutively admitted acute stroke patients with right brain damage and hemiparesis/ -plegia, different types of abnormal attitudes toward the hemiparetic/plegic limb (asomatognosia, somatoparaphrenia, anosodiaphoria, misoplegia, personification, kinaesthetic hallucinations, supernumerary phantom limb) were investigated. Re…
Plasma levels of inflammatory and thrombotic/fibrinolytic markers in acute ischemic strokes: Relationship with TOAST subtype, outcome and infarct site
2009
BACKGROUND: The aim of our study was to evaluate in patients with acute ischemic stroke the relationship between immuno-inflammatory variables, clinical outcome and infarct site. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated plasma levels of IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, IL-6 and IL-10, E-selectin, P-selectin, sICAM-1 ,sVCAM-1 vWF, TPA and PAI-1. RESULTS: Patients with cardioembolic subtype showed significantly higher median plasma levels of TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-1beta whereas the lacunar subtype showed significantly lower median plasma levels of TNF-alpha, IL-6 and IL-1beta. CONCLUSIONS: A significant association was noted between the severity of neurological deficit at admission, the diagnostic subtype and so…
Linking Microstructural Integrity and Motor Cortex Excitability in Multiple Sclerosis
2021
Motor skills are frequently impaired in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients following grey and white matter damage with cortical excitability abnormalities. We applied advanced diffusion imaging with 3T magnetic resonance tomography for neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI), as well as diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in 50 MS patients and 49 age-matched healthy controls to quantify microstructural integrity of the motor system. To assess excitability, we determined resting motor thresholds using non-invasive transcranial magnetic stimulation. As measures of cognitive-motor performance, we conducted neuropsychological assessments including the Nine-Hole Peg Test, Trail Makin…
The contribution of acetylcholine and dopamine to subprocesses of visual working memory--what patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment and Pa…
2014
Attentional selection, i.e. filtering out of irrelevant sensory input and information storage are two crucial components of working memory (WM). It has been proposed that the two processes are mediated by different neurotransmitters, namely acetylcholine for attentional selection and dopamine for memory storage. However, this hypothesis has been challenged by others, who for example linked a lack in dopamine levels in the brain to filtering deficits. Here we tested the above mentioned hypothesis in two patient cohorts which either served as a proxy for a cholinergic or a dopaminergic deficit. The first group comprised 18 patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), the second 22…
Preoperative imaging findings in patients undergoing transcranial magnetic resonance imaging-guided focused ultrasound thalamotomy
2021
AbstractThe prevalence and impact of imaging findings detected during screening procedures in patients undergoing transcranial MR-guided Focused Ultrasound (tcMRgFUS) thalamotomy for functional neurological disorders has not been assessed yet. This study included 90 patients who fully completed clinical and neuroradiological screenings for tcMRgFUS in a single-center. The presence and location of preoperative imaging findings that could impact the treatment were recorded and classified in three different groups according to their relevance for the eligibility and treatment planning. Furthermore, tcMRgFUS treatments were reviewed to evaluate the number of transducer elements turned off after…