Search results for "palmitic acid"
showing 10 items of 58 documents
Seasonal changes in some thermoregulatory variables of the house sparrow (Passer domesticus L.)
1975
Abstract 1. The body weight, plumage, insulation, oxygen consumption and body lipids were studied seasonally in the house sparrow, Passer domesticus L. 2. The weights of body and plumage were greater in autumn and winter than in summer. 3. The insulative property of the plumage was better in autumn and winter birds than in summer birds. 4. The oxygen consumption of young birds was higher than that of plucked and adult birds. 5. The amount of subcutaneous depot fat tissue and its lipid content was greatest in autumn. The C18-unsaturated fatty acids were most prominent in the subcutaneous fat. Palmitic acid was the most prevalent fatty acid in the liver. The relative amount of C18-unsaturated…
Subtype-Specific Desensitization of Human Endothelin ETA and ETB Receptors Reflects Differential Receptor Phosphorylation
1997
Endothelins regulate blood pressure in mammals through G protein-coupled receptors. Two receptor subtypes, ETA and ETB, exist which differ by their agonist profiles. Here we show subtype-specific differences in the inactivation of these endothelin receptors. Using a modified inositol phosphate accumulation assay, we found that stimulation of ETA by endothelin-1 results in sustained activation of the subtype, retaining >30% of its initial activity even 20 min after agonist administration, whereas the ETB rapidly deactivated after agonist stimulation, losing >80% of its initial activity within 5 min after endothelin application. The discrepancy in receptor inactivation is reflected by subtype…
A New Phenanthrene Glycoside and Other Constituents from Dioscorea opposita
2005
Phytochemical investigation of the rhizome of Dioscorea opposita has led to the isolation of a new phenanthrene glycoside, 3,4,6-trihydroxyphenanthrene-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (1), and five known compounds, soyacerebroside I (2), adenosine (3), beta-sitosterol (4), palmitic acid (5) and palmitoyloleoylphosphatidylcholine (6). Their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods, including 1D- and 2D-NMR. Compounds 1-6 exhibited no antifungal activity against the human pathogenic yeasts Candida albicans, C. glabrata and C. tropicalis.
Pharmacological blockade of the fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) alters neural proliferation, apoptosis and gliosis in the rat hippocampus, hypothal…
2015
Endocannabinoids participate in the control of neurogenesis, neural cell death and gliosis. The pharmacological effect of the fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) inhibitor URB597, which limits the endocannabinoid degradation, was investigated in the present study. Cell proliferation (phospho-H3(+) or BrdU(+) cells) of the main adult neurogenic zones as well as apoptosis (cleaved caspase-3(+)), astroglia (GFAP(+)), and microglia (Iba1(+) cells) were analyzed in the hippocampus, hypothalamus and striatum of rats intraperitoneally treated with URB597 (0.3 mg/kg/day) at one dose/4-days resting or 5 doses (1 dose/day). Repeated URB597 treatment increased the plasma levels of the N-acylethanolamine…
Euonymus maackii Rupr. Seed oil as a new potential non-edible feedstock for biodiesel
2019
Abstract In this study, Euonymus maackii Seed oil (EMSO) was exploited and evaluated for the first time as a new non-edible oil feedstock for preparation of biodiesel. The EMSO yield was 41.06 ± 2.68 wt%. The fatty acid compositions of EMSO involved palmitoleic acid (2.01%), palmitic acid (14.5%), stearic acid (3.1%), oleic acid (49.8%), linoleic acid (29.3%), 11-Eicosenoic acid (0.1%) and arachidic acid (0.07%). Microwave-assisted transesterification with methanol provided a high conversion yield in short duration under low temperature. The 2.0 wt% of catalyst amount, 10:1 of methanol/oil molar ratio, 40 min of reaction time and 60 °C of temperature were found to be the optimum process condi…
Edible Arabinoxylan-Based Films. 1. Effects of Lipid Type on Water Vapor Permeability, Film Structure, and Other Physical Characteristics
2002
Arabinoxylans (AX) are natural fibers extracted from maize bran, an industrial byproduct. To promote this polymer as a food ingredient, development of edible coatings and films had been proposed. Indeed, composite arabinoxylan-based films were prepared by emulsifying a fat: palmitic acid, oleic acid, triolein, or a hydrogenated palm oil (OK35). Lipid effects on water vapor permeability (WVP), surface hydrophobicity (contact angles), lipid particle size, and mechanical properties were investigated. Results showed that OK35-AX emulsion films had the lowest WVP. Emulsified films presented a bimodal particle size distribution; however, the smallest particle mean diameter (0.54 microm) was obser…
Volatile components from flower-heads of Centaurea nicaeensis All., C. parlatoris Helder and C. solstitialis L. ssp. schouwii (DC.) Dostál growing wi…
2008
The volatile constituents of the flowerheads of Centaurea nicaeensis All., C. parlatoris Helder and C. solstitialis L. ssp. schouwii (DC.) Dostal were extracted by hydrodistillation and analysed by GC and GC-MS. Altogether 113 components were identified. Fatty acids and hydrocarbons were the most abundant components in the oils. Caryophyllene and caryophyllene oxide were the main compounds of the sesquiterpene fraction. The study on the biological activity of the oils shows no significant activity.
Volatile compounds of flowers and leaves of Sideritis italica (Miller)Greuter et Burdet (Lamiaceae), a plant used as mountain tea
2010
Sideritis italica (Miller) Greuter et Burdet (Lamiaceae), widely used in ethnopharmacological medicine, occurs in Southern Italy and Sicily. The phytochemical composition of the essential oils of S. italica flowers and leaves, harvested in Piano Battaglia (Sicily), was analysed by GC and GC-MS. Of the 51 compounds, 43 in the oil from flowers and 29 in the oil from leaves were identified. Kaur-15-ene (20.0%) was recognised as the main constituent of the oil from flowers, together with beta-cubebene (12.1%), beta-pinene (8.5%), (Z)-nuciferol (6.5%), tricyclene (4.5%) and alpha-bisabolol (4.0%). In the oil from leaves, p-methoxyacetophenone (26.0%) prevailed, as did hexadecanoic acid (21.3%), …
Volatile constituents of the aerial parts of white salsify (Tragopogon porrifolius L., Asteraceae).
2010
Tragopogon porrifolius L. grows as a vegetable in southern Italy and all parts of it are edible. In the present study the volatile components of the aerial part are described. Gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis showed the presence of 38 components in all. On the whole, the volatile fraction was constituted mainly by carbonylic compounds (24.6%), phenols (21.5%) and fatty acids and esters (19.7%). The most abundant compounds were 4-vinyl guaiacol (19.0%), hexadecanoic acid (17.9%), hexahydrofarnesylacetone (15.8%) and hentriacontane (10.7%).
GC and GC–MS analysis of the essential oil of Nepeta cilicica Boiss. ex Benth. from Lebanon
2013
The hydrodistillation of the aerial parts of Nepeta cilicica Boiss. ex Benth., collected in Lebanon in the Horsh Ehden reserve, yielded 0.13% (w/w) of essential oil. Gas chromatography (GC) and GC-mass spectroscopy analysis enabled the identification of 75 compounds representing 96.8% of the total oil. The most abundant compounds were spathulenol (15.1%), hexadecanoic acid (14%), δ-cadinene (5.5%) and α-copaene (4.5%). On the whole, the oil was constituted mainly by sesquiterpenes (45.9%), among which sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (27.6%) slightly prevailed over oxygenated sesquiterpenes (18.3%).