Search results for "pastoralism."
showing 10 items of 33 documents
Early pastoral communities in the mountains of Sicily. Prehistoric evidence from Vallone Inferno (Scillato) in the palaeoenvironmental framework of t…
2021
Abstract This paper discusses the Middle Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age phases of the occupation of a rock shelter at Vallone Inferno (Scillato, Palermo) in Sicily. Vallone Inferno is a key site for studying the early establishment and development of pastoralism in the prehistoric mountainous environments of Sicily. Seasonal use of the site as a shelter is documented for the earliest pastoral communities that exploited the Madonie mountain range. The results of the analysis of pottery and lithic assemblages contribute to the definition of two chronocultural frameworks that were linked by the same economic subsistence base. The special role of obsidian emerges, while the mobility pattern…
Traveling shepherds. Transhumance in Sardinia and Sicily between historical dynamics, today’s practices and future prospects
2018
In Sardinia and Sicily, transhumance has been an important economic and socio-cultural device. Pastoral mobility has disappeared in the first region, and recently it is receiving increased attention as touristic and identity object; in Sicily, although re-dimen- sioned, it is still a vital practice. The intervention is meant to reflect on the historical dynamics, on today’s dimension and on the future perspectives of transhumance, also in relation to Italy’s recent request to UNESCO to recognize this practice as a Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
Recensione di Cammini di uomini, cammini di animali. Transumanze, pastoralismi e patrimoni bio-culturali
2018
La transumanza è una pratica che, per lungo tempo, ha orientato le strategie economiche di molte comunità, contribuendo a definirne non solo la dimensione produttiva ma anche quella politica, paesaggistica e socioculturale. Su questo complesso e articolato universo hanno riflettuto in Molise, nel novembre del 2016, studiosi di diversa formazione e di differenti ambiti disciplinari, le cui relazioni sono confluite in un volume curato da Katia Ballacchino e Letizia Bindi, Cammini di uomini, cammini di animali. Transumanze, pastoralismi e patrimoni bio-culturali, che ha il merito di restituire la multiforme realtà del pastoralismo e della mobilità pastorale in diverse zone della Penisola.
Grasslands and Shrublands of Kazakhstan and Middle Asia
2020
Kazakhstan and Middle Asia comprise 4 million km2 of plains, uplands and tall mountain ranges in the core of the Eurasian continent. The region’s semi-arid climate, grazing pressure by wild and domestic ungulates, and long pastoral tradition, have given rise to a variety of open habitat types and a distinct flora and fauna. Grasslands and shrublands are a natural and dominant vegetation type in the forest-steppe and steppe zone of northern and central Kazakhstan, as part of the Eurasian grassland biome. In Middle Asia, grasslands and shrublands are widespread habitat types in the Tian Shan, Pamir-Alai and Pamir—mountain systems that have been recently acknowledged as a global biodiversity h…
Les versants du Petit Saint-Bernard de la Préhistoire à l'Antiquité : nouvelles données sur les premières occupations de la montagne autour d'un pass…
2006
The Petit Saint-Bernard mountain pass is one of the main transalpine passages at the south of Mont Blanc. Within the context of an Interreg programme, archaeological research is being done on the two sides of the pass. This work aims to develop knowledge of the first populating of the mountain and of its interaction with transalpine circulations. The method is based on a vast series of manual excavations carried out in areas prone to sedimentary trappings. The study area, which is quite large, covers the entire height of the sides and makes it possible to study the relations between the different biogeographical steps. The collected data are presented in chronological order, from Prehistory…
Le tourisme en milieu agropastoral en République de Djibouti, entre réinterprétation des grands modèles et trajectoires propres.
2009
Au cours des dernières décennies, le tourisme a connu de profonds bouleversements. Certains effets pervers de cette activité sur les territoires qui l’abritent ont été dénoncés, et dans le même temps diverses alternatives (comme l’écotourisme) sont apparues. Le continent africain fait figure de front pionnier, voire d’initiateur, pour de telles pratiques. Des treks chameliers sahariens aux éco-campements maliens, ces nouvelles façons de voyager se veulent plus éthiques et plus respectueuses des milieux naturels comme des populations d’accueil. La République de Djibouti, Etat en marge de l’espace saharien, apparaît comme une destination alter touristique émergente. A partir de cet exemple, c…
Approche d'un territoire de montagne : occupations humaines et contexte pédo-sédimentaire des versants du col du Petit-Saint-Bernard, de la Préhistoi…
2014
As part of a multi-year programme, survey campaigns have been carried out on both slopes of the Petit-Saint-Bernard pass (2188 m, western Alps), at an altitude of between 750 and 3000 m. The method employed abandons ground-based surveying in favour of multiple manual surveys carried out on selected topographic contexts down to the base of the Holocene fill. The results obtained document the longterm development of the pedo-sedimentary dynamic and the occupation of the different altitude stages. The significance of the archaeological data collected is discussed in relation to the state of knowledge in a comparison area including the neighbouring valleys of the western Alps, to existing settl…
Federalism and Ethnic Minorities in Ethiopia: Ideology, Territoriality, Human Rights, Policy
2014
In 1994 Ethiopia has adopted a new constitution, considered one of the most advanced in terms of provisions for human rights. The progressive ratification of several international treaties on minority rights had already begun in 1991, immediately after the fall of the Derg regime. This progress has brought Ethiopia into the UN monitoring system, but the review of the official UN documents reveals the mismatch between the mentioned constitutional and international steps and the on-ground situation. This article considers two possible causes of this gap. The first is the particular form of ethnic federalism, first introduced with the Charter of the Transitional Government of Ethiopia and late…
The relativistic attitude in development: reflections on the implementation of the Ethiopian multinational Constitution
2019
L’approccio allo sviluppo che considera la crescita economica come unico obiettivo può produrre degli effetti deleteri sui gruppi marginalizzati. Lo sviluppismo adottato in Etiopia dal 1991 illustra questo punto con riferimento ai contadini, ai popoli pastorali e alle minoranze etniche. La riflessione internazionale sullo sviluppo e il progresso nel campo dei diritti umani hanno portato all’emergere di nuovi paradigmi. L’articolo mostra come le misure correttive siano state caratterizzate da una crescente attitudine ‘relativistica’, che consiste nel dare considerazione alla rilevanza di articolazioni particolari di cultura, norme formali o informali, e condizioni locali. L’attitudine relati…
Quel statut pour les espaces de montagne durant l'âge du Bronze ? Regards croisés sur les approches société-environnement dans les Pyrénées occidenta…
2005
After having been neglected for some time, mountain environments have now become an important research area for the study of anthropogenic impact on the environment and the interactions of societies with their environments. The recent development of several interdisciplinary programs in the Alps and in the Pyrenees reveals the interest and the scientific questions associated with these domains. In the Pyrenees, the work undertaken in the Basque Country illustrates the utility of the development of multidisciplinary research on a large scale, which is both diachronic and has a high resolution chronology. Combining environmental and archaeological data, allows us to present an image of popula…