Search results for "response"

showing 10 items of 4136 documents

Effect of single-dose and short-term administration of quercetin on the pharmacokinetics of talinolol in humans – Implications for the evaluation of …

2013

Quercetin has been shown to inhibit intestinal P-glycoprotein-mediated drug efflux. A crossover clinical study was performed in 10 healthy volunteers to assess the effect of single-dose and repeated quercetin intake on the pharmacokinetics of talinolol, a substrate of intestinal P-glycoprotein. Unexpectedly, mean area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC0-48h) and maximal plasma concentration (cmax) were slightly decreased following concomitant and short-term quercetin administration (3186.0 versus 2468.3 and 2527.7 ng h/ml, p>0.05; 309.7 versus 212.0 and 280.6 ng/ml, p>0.05). Individual analysis revealed that talinolol AUC0-48h was lowered by 23.9% up to 60.6% in 5 subjects and c…

AdultMaleATP Binding Cassette Transporter Subfamily BFlavonoidCmaxAdministration OralPharmaceutical SciencePharmacologyDrug Administration SchedulePropanolaminesYoung Adultchemistry.chemical_compoundPharmacokineticsHumansDrug Interactionsheterocyclic compoundsIntestinal MucosaP-glycoproteinchemistry.chemical_classificationCross-Over StudiesDose-Response Relationship DrugbiologyBiological TransportTransporterMiddle AgedHealthy VolunteersIntestineschemistrybiology.proteinFemaleQuercetinEffluxQuercetinTalinololEuropean Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
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Changes in Accommodation and Ocular Aberration With Simultaneous Vision Multifocal Contact Lenses

2012

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate ocular aberration changes through different simultaneous vision multifocal contact lenses (CLs). Methods: Eighteen young-adult subjects with a mean age of 29.8 +/- 2.11 years took part. Changes in accommodative response, spherical aberration (C-4(0)), horizontal coma (C-3(1)), vertical coma (C-3(-1)), and root mean square (RMS) of higher-order aberrations (HOAs, third to sixth orders) were evaluated. Measurements were obtained with a distance-single vision CL and 2 aspheric multifocal CLs of simultaneous focus center-near design (PureVision Low Add and PureVision High Add) for 2 accommodative stimuli (-2.50 and -4.00 D). All measurements were…

AdultMaleAccommodative responseCross-Over StudiesOptical Phenomenagenetic structuresContact Lensesbusiness.industryVisual AcuityAccommodation OcularComa (optics)Mean ageRefraction Oculareye diseasesOphthalmologyOcular physiologySpherical aberrationCLs upper limitsHumansMedicineOptometryFemalebusinessAccommodationEye & Contact Lens: Science & Clinical Practice
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Accommodative Functions with Multifocal Contact Lenses: A Pilot Study

2011

PURPOSE: To evaluate accommodative response and facility in presbyopic patients fitted with several types of simultaneous-image multifocal contact lenses (CLs). METHODS: Six presbyopic patients, unadapted wearers of simultaneous-image bifocals, were fitted with the Focus Progressives and the low- and high-addition Pure Vision simultaneous vision multifocal CLs. Each individual wore each of the three types of lenses in successive random order. Accommodative response, accommodative facility, visual acuity, and contrast sensitivity at distance and near were evaluated in all cases. A control group of eight non-presbyopic patients was also studied. RESULTS: The mean age was 28.6 +/- 2.72 and 51.…

AdultMaleAccommodative responseDistance visual acuityVisual acuityContact Lensesmedia_common.quotation_subjectVisual AcuityPilot ProjectsContrast SensitivityNear visionHumansMedicineContrast (vision)media_commonbusiness.industryAccommodation OcularEquipment DesignPresbyopiaPresbyopiaMiddle AgedPrognosismedicine.diseaseOphthalmologyOptometryFemalemedicine.symptombusinessAccommodationMaximum amplitudeFollow-Up StudiesOptometryOptometry and Vision Science
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The effect of longitudinal chromatic aberration on the lag of accommodation and depth of field.

2016

Purpose Longitudinal chromatic aberration is present in all states of accommodation and may play a role in the accommodation response and the emmetropisation process. We study the change of the depth of field (DOFi) with the state of accommodation, taking into account the longitudinal chromatic aberration. Methods Subjective DOFi was defined as the range of defocus beyond which the blur of the target (one line of optotypes of 0.1 logMAR shown on a black-and-white microdisplay, seen through different colour filters) was perceived as objectionable. The subject's eye was paralysed and different, previously-measured accommodative states (corresponding to the accommodative demands of 0D, 2D and …

AdultMaleAccommodative responseLag01 natural sciencesDeformable mirror010309 optics03 medical and health sciencesYoung Adult0302 clinical medicineOpticsPhysiological optics0103 physical sciencesChromatic aberrationHumansDepth of fieldMathematicsDepth Perceptionbusiness.industryAccommodation OcularEmmetropiaSensory SystemsOphthalmology030221 ophthalmology & optometryOptometryFemaleMonochromatic colorbusinessAccommodationColor PerceptionPhotic StimulationOptometryOphthalmicphysiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists)
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Influence of contrast polarity on the accommodative response☆

2018

espanolObjetivo Evaluar los cambios de la respuesta acomodativa del ojo al leer un texto en diferentes condiciones de polaridad de contraste: letras negras sobre fondo blanco (condicion BoW) y letras blancas sobre fondo negro (condicion WoB). Metodos En este estudio experimental participaron dieciocho sujetos de edades comprendidas entre 21 y 41 anos. Se obtuvo objetivamente la respuesta acomodativa (AR) del ojo al leer un texto con polaridad de contraste BoW o WoB con un sistema de optica adaptativa que corregia todas las aberraciones salvo las propias del sujeto. Se estudiaron dos tamanos de letra diferentes (condiciones de agudeza visual), mostrados en una micropantalla. Se midio la AR d…

AdultMaleAccommodative responseOriginal articleBlack-on-white textgenetic structuresmedia_common.quotation_subjectPupil diameterVisual AcuityAgudeza visualContrast Sensitivity03 medical and health sciencesYoung Adult0302 clinical medicineAccommodative responseAyudas ópticas para baja visiónContrast polarityPolaridad de contrasteContrast (vision)Humansmedia_commonPhysicsAnalysis of VariancePupil sizeAccommodation OcularLow vision aidseye diseasesTexto blanco sobre negroWhite-on-black textReading030221 ophthalmology & optometryRespuesta acomodativaFemalesense organsHumanities030217 neurology & neurosurgeryTexto negro sobre blancoPhotic StimulationOptometryJournal of Optometry
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The relative contribution to the plantar-flexor torque of the soleus motor units activated by the H reflex and M response in humans.

2000

Abstract This study proposes a method of quantifying the relative contribution to the plantar-flexor torque of soleus H and M responses evoked by tibial nerve stimulation. For ten subjects, the amplitude of the twitch produced by the H wave was plotted against the corresponding potential, for stimuli producing H without M (i.e. in the ascending portion of the H-recruitment curve). It was then assumed that the contribution of H to twitches produced by M plus H was similar for similar H waves on the curve-descending portion. Hence, the contribution of M was estimated, for the range of M waves including those accompanying H max . The estimated mechanical contributions of H and M wave increase …

AdultMaleAction PotentialsPlantar flexionH-ReflexNuclear magnetic resonanceTorqueHumansTibial nerveMuscle SkeletalSoleus musclePhysicsElectromyographyGeneral NeuroscienceAnatomyM responsemusculoskeletal systemElectric StimulationMotor unitAmplitudeMuscle Fibers Slow-TwitchTorqueMuscle Fibers Fast-TwitchH-reflexTibial NerveMuscle ContractionNeuroscience letters
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Habituation and laterality of orienting processes as reflected by slow negative waves

2000

The study is concerned with the question of whether the orienting wave (O-wave), a slow potential shift of the event-related brain potential, is a component of the orienting response (OR). As habituation is supposed to be the most important characteristic of the OR, we focussed particularly on any habituating aspect of the O-wave. Results suggest that its bilateral distribution over midfrontal areas might constitute such a link relating the O-wave to orienting activity. Hemispheric asymmetry linearly decreased its right-sided predominance in response to repeated presentations of an initially novel auditory stimulus. A similar, concomitant diminution of the skin conductance response (SCR) oc…

AdultMaleAdolescentCentral nervous systemStimulus (physiology)Functional LateralityOrienting responsemedicineHumansHabituationEvoked potentialHabituation PsychophysiologicElectrodesEvoked PotentialsGeneral NeuroscienceBrainElectroencephalographyGalvanic Skin ResponseElectrophysiologyNeuropsychology and Physiological Psychologymedicine.anatomical_structureLateralityLocus coeruleusLocus CoeruleusPsychologyNeuroscienceBiological Psychology
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Event-Related Potentials and Autonomic Responses to a Change in Unattended Auditory Stimuli

1992

Event-related brain potentials (ERPs) and autonomic nervous system (ANS) responses to occasional pitch and rise-time changes in a task-irrelevant auditory stimulus repeating at short intervals were measured while the subject performed a difficult intellectual task (Raven Matrices). It was found that deviant stimuli elicited the mismatch negativity (MMN) component of the ERP even when they elicited no ANS response. There was no significant difference in the mismatch negativity between trials in which the skin conductance response was or was not elicited. The pitch deviant tone also elicited heart rate deceleration, whereas the rise-time deviant tone tended to elicit a later heart rate accele…

AdultMaleAdolescentCognitive NeuroscienceMismatch negativityExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyStimulus (physiology)Autonomic Nervous Systembehavioral disciplines and activities050105 experimental psychologyPitch DiscriminationOrienting response03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineDevelopmental NeuroscienceEvent-related potentialHeart rateHumansAttention0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesEvoked potentialProblem SolvingBiological PsychiatryCerebral CortexEndocrine and Autonomic SystemsGeneral Neuroscience05 social sciencesElectroencephalographyAutonomic nervous systemElectrophysiologyNeuropsychology and Physiological PsychologyNeurologyEvoked Potentials AuditoryFemaleArousalPsychologyNeuroscience030217 neurology & neurosurgeryPsychophysiology
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Validation of the Spanish version of the Franciscan Hospital for Children Oral Health-Related Quality of Life questionnaire.

2018

Background The Franciscan Hospital for Children Oral Health-Related Quality of Life questionnaire (FHC-OHRQOL-Q) is an instrument designed specifically for parents and caregivers of patients with special needs that has not yet been applied in Spain. The aim of this study was to adapt it to Spanish and evaluate its reliability and validity in patients with intellectual disability (ID) treated under general anesthesia. Material and Methods The study was conducted in two different stages: a) cross-cultural adaptation of the original questionnaire, and b) cross-sectional study on 100 parents and caregivers who completed the piloted FHC-OHRQOL-Q. The patients were examined according to the WHO m…

AdultMaleAdolescentCross-sectional studyOral HealthAnesthesia General03 medical and health sciencesYoung Adult0302 clinical medicineCronbach's alphaQuality of lifeIntellectual DisabilitySurveys and QuestionnairesIntellectual disabilityCriterion validityContent validitymedicineHumansTranslations030212 general & internal medicineChildGeneral DentistryAgedResponse rate (survey)Cultural Characteristicsbusiness.industryDental Care for DisabledResearchDiscriminant validity030206 dentistryMiddle AgedMedically compromised patients in Dentistrymedicine.disease:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]Hospitals PediatricCross-Sectional StudiesOtorhinolaryngologyChild PreschoolUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASQuality of LifeSurgeryFemalebusinessClinical psychology
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THE LEVEL OF SOLUBLE GRANZYME A IS ELEVATED IN THE PLASMA AND IN THE Vgamma9/Vdelta2 T CELL CULTURE SUPERNATANTS OF PATIENTS WITH ACTIVE BEHCET'S DIS…

2004

Gramzyme A (GrA) is a serine proteinase with trypsin-like activity that is released extracellularly during the degranulation of cytotoxic cells. Among the cytotoxic cells, gamma/delta T cells participate in the early phases of the immune response and are known to express perforin and granzymes constitutively in agreement with their cytolytic pontential.GrA activity was detected using the synthetic substrate N-alpha-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-lysine thiobenzyl ester in the plasma and supernatants of peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultured in the presence of Dimethylallyl pyrophosphate to obtain Vgamma9/Vdelta2 T cell expansion.Significantly high levels of GrA were found in the serum and supernat…

AdultMaleAdolescentDose-Response Relationship DrugBehcet SyndromeT-LymphocytesSerine EndopeptidasesReceptors Antigen T-Cell gamma-deltaMiddle AgedFlow CytometryGranzymesCulture Media ConditionedHumansFemaleCells CulturedAged
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