Search results for "screening"
showing 10 items of 1150 documents
Infrared based saliva screening test for COVID‐19
2021
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in an unprecedented need for diagnostic testing that is critical in controlling the spread of COVID-19. We propose a portable infrared spectrometer with purpose-built transflection accessory for rapid point-of-care detection of COVID-19 markers in saliva. Initially, purified virion particles were characterized with Raman spectroscopy, synchrotron infrared (IR) and AFM-IR. A data set comprising 171 transflection infrared spectra from 29 subjects testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-qPCR and 28 testing negative, was modeled using Monte Carlo Double Cross Validation with 50 randomized test and model sets. The testing se…
Estimation of Pyruvic acid in serum and saliva among healthy and potentially malignant disorder subjects – a stepping stone for cancer screening?
2014
Background: According to Warburg’s effect, the rate of glycolysis increases in cancerous cells. This will increase overall levels of pyruvic acid. The present on-going study was conducted to estimate the levels of pyruvic acid in saliva and serum in normal, oral PMD subjects. Material and Methods: A total of 50 subjects in healthy, PMD of the oral cavity individuals were selected based on clinical and histological criteria. Collected saliva and serum samples were subjected to pyruvic acid level estimation using biochemical analysis. Results: Of the 50 participants 25 (13: Males; 12: Females) & 25 (16: Males; 9: Females) were PMD group. Independent samples t test showed statistically signifi…
APPLICATION OF REAL-TIME POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION FOR RAPID DETERMINATION OFSALMONELLAIN RESTAURANT FOODS
2008
Several foods have been identified as frequently or occasionally contaminated with Salmonella, such as eggs, raw milk and all raw foods of animal origin that may carry salmonella and other bacteria. Salmonellosis is the most common food-borne illness, but it is usually preventable according to the implementation of a food safety system that includes Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point. In this study, 96 food samples of the University restaurant of Valencia (Spain) were divided into four groups: first course; main course; accompaniment; and dessert, and were analyzed simultaneously with classical and fluorogenic polymerase chain reaction microbiological analysis. Neither of the proced…
Estimating the chance of success of archaeometric analyses of bone: UV-induced bone fluorescence compared to histological screening
2011
Abstract For most archaeometric analyses on archaeological bone material, such as the determination of the isotopic composition or genetic approaches, an advanced degree of diagenetic alteration can make designated analysis impossible. Since the lack of a positive signal is mostly seen only after time consuming and cost intensive sample processing, the need for an easy-to-apply screening method that allows a pre-selection of samples containing well-preserved biomolecules is obvious. In this study, we visually determined the UV-induced autofluorescence of 76 horse bone cross-sections, all from prehistoric archaeological sites of varying environmental and chronological background. In order to…
Cytotoxic Acacic Acid Glycosides from the Roots of Albizia coriaria
2009
Two new oleanane-type saponins, coriariosides A (1) and B (2), along with a known saponin, gummiferaoside C (3), were isolated from the roots of Albizia coriaria. Their structures were established by extensive analysis of 1D and 2D NMR experiments (COSY, ROESY, TOCSY, HSQC, and HMBC) and mass spectrometry. Compounds 1 and 3 when tested for cytotoxicity against two colorectal human cancer cells showed activity against the HCT 116 (IC50 4.2 microM for 1 and 2.7 microM for 3) and HT-29 (IC50 6.7 microM for 1 and 7.9 microM for 3) cell lines.
Heteroaromatic Inhibitors of the Astacin Proteinases Meprin α, Meprin β and Ovastacin Discovered by a Scaffold-Hopping Approach.
2020
Abstract Astacin metalloproteinases, in particular meprins α and β, as well as ovastacin, are emerging drug targets. Drug‐discovery efforts have led to the development of the first potent and selective inhibitors in the last few years. However, the most recent compounds are based on a highly flexible tertiary amine scaffold that could cause metabolic liabilities or decreased potency due to the entropic penalty upon binding to the target. Thus, the aim of this study was to discover novel conformationally constrained scaffolds as starting points for further inhibitor optimization. Shifting from flexible tertiary amines to rigid heteroaromatic cores resulted in a boost in inhibitory activity. …
Measuring Illness Behavior in One Minute
2019
Abstract. The present study addresses shortcomings in previous psychometric research into the Scale for the Assessment of Illness Behavior (SAIB) and develops a short form, the SAIB-10. We used ant-colony optimization to construct a subset of items in an exploratory sample ( n = 1,187) and affirmed it in factor analysis in a confirmatory sample ( n = 1,208). We find excellent model fit and evidence for strict invariance across sex and age. As expected, there were associations with distressed personality, perceived social support, and mental health. Finally, we report normative values for usage by researchers and clinicians. In sum, the SAIB-10 is an economical measure of illness behavior a…
Extraction of Airways from CT (EXACT'09)
2012
Contains fulltext : 107854.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) This paper describes a framework for establishing a reference airway tree segmentation, which was used to quantitatively evaluate fifteen different airway tree extraction algorithms in a standardized manner. Because of the sheer difficulty involved in manually constructing a complete reference standard from scratch, we propose to construct the reference using results from all algorithms that are to be evaluated. We start by subdividing each segmented airway tree into its individual branch segments. Each branch segment is then visually scored by trained observers to determine whether or not it is a correctly segmented part o…
Universal newborn hearing screening in the Italian Region of Sicily in 2018
2021
We have clarified the role of Universal Neonatal Hearing Screening (UNHS) for both early diagnosis and rapid treatment in order to improve the prognosis of the deaf child and reduce patient management costs. Although in Sicily UNHS has been progressively implemented, there is scarce data in the literature on this matter. Therefore, the main objective was to collect in the year 2018 the following data: number of newborns screened for hearing loss, number of infants "referred" to transiently evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE), number of infants with pathologic auditory brainstem response (ABR) and number of infants affected by permanent hearing loss.UNHS monitoring was conducted through the…