Search results for "social construction"
showing 10 items of 79 documents
Asthma - The Construction of the Masculine Body
1994
This article focuses on understanding the social construction of male identity in Finland in the 1960s and 1970s. Sporting experiences of the author are used as material for memory-work (Erinnerungsarbeit), the key experience here being illness (Asthma). By writing through it, the author thematizes the healthy, sporting, and disciplined body inscribed in hegemonic masculinity.
Gender-Related Immune-Inflammatory Factors, Age-Related Diseases, and Longevity
2010
This review discusses the role of estrogens as pro- or antiinflammatory players in immune-inflammatory responses. In particular, their role in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), an example of immune-inflammatory disease, is discussed briefly. AD is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, which in Western societies accounts for the majority of cases of clinical senile dementia. However, sexual dimorphism of diseases may also depend on factors independent of sex hormones (i.e., a gender effect), as demonstrated by our data on differential longevity in females and males. In fact, differences in mortality between men and women are not only a question of sex that refers to biological differences, but ra…
A framework to analyse gender bias in epidemiological research
2007
The design and analysis of research may cause systematic gender dependent errors to be produced in results because of gender insensitivity or androcentrism. Gender bias in research could be defined as a systematically erroneous gender dependent approach related to social construct, which incorrectly regards women and men as similar/different. Most gender bias can be found in the context of discovery (development of hypotheses), but it has also been found in the context of justification (methodological process), which must be improved. In fact, one of the main effects of gender bias in research is partial or incorrect knowledge in the results, which are systematically different from the real…
The Nature of Our Becoming: Genealogical Perspectives
2020
In the light of Philipp Sarasin's work in 'Darwin und Foucault: Genealogie und Geschichte im Zeitalter der Biologie', the article delineates a genealogically articulated naturally produced culture and a cultured nature and discusses the genealogical implications of a carnal, becoming self in a world that could rightly be justified "as an aesthetical phenomenon." The article demonstrates the historicity and processual materiality as a conceptual platform for a combination of the notions of experienced carnality and a socially constructed body, demonstrating such a historically embedded carnal body as a binding agent for the "social constructivist" and "biologist" approaches in sciences. Thus…
What’s Wrong with the Diffusion of Innovation Theory?
2001
This paper examines the usefulness of the diffusion of innovation research in developing theoretical accounts of the adoption of complex and networked IT solutions. We contrast six conjectures underlying DOI research with field data obtained from the study of the diffusion of EDI. Our analysis shows that DOI based analyses miss some important facets in the diffusion of complex technologies. We suggest that complex IT solutions should be understood as socially constructed and learning intensive artifacts, which can be adopted for varying reasons within volatile diffusion arenas. Therefore DOI researchers should carefully recognize the complex, networked, and learning intensive features of te…
Ética y psicoterapia: Una perspectiva sociocultural
2019
La meta principal de este trabajo busca comprender la ética en psicoterapia desde una perspectiva sociocultural. Para conseguirla, la psicoterapia, al ser una práctica social de cura, se relacionará con los elementos socioculturales a su base. Esta perspectiva permite ofrecer a los terapeutas algunas reflexiones éticas sobre qué (y por qué) es correcto hacer, o no, en el campo de la psicoterapia. Ejemplificar y deconstruir tales elementos facilita la formación de los terapeutas, al igual que nos permite lograr la necesidad ética de pensadores más críticos. Este artículo desarrolla estas metas, situando, en primer lugar, a la psicoterapia en un contexto sociocultural y ejemplificando la infl…
Cualificación, socialización y terciarización
2018
During the last two decades the problem of skill has come to be a key theme in debates about active employment policies and strategies for economic modemization. In such debates the concept of skill tends to be employed in a manner which does not reflect its complexity. The article seeks to remedy this. First it makes the distinction between the socio-cultural and the technical/professional dimensions of the concept ( the technical/professional can be further broken down into explicit and tacit skills.). Secondly, the distinction is made between the skills of the worker (effective) and the skills associated with the job he/she occupies (nominal) and the possibility of a lack of fit between …
“How Real People Really Need Mathematics in the Real World”—Authenticity in Mathematics Education
2018
This paper discusses authenticity from the perspective of mathematics education. Often, school mathematics offers students inauthentic word problems, which don’t show the authentic usefulness of mathematics in real life. In some tasks, authentic aspects are combined with inauthentic ones (e.g., an authentic context, but the question is artificial and different from what people within that context would ask). Several studies show that students are more motivated by authentic questions than by authentic contexts. Embedding these findings, I discuss issues associated with defining authenticity in education. A first issue is that philosophers use the term to characterize a person’s existential …
La traducción literaria y la brecha de paralaje: reflexiones a partir de un cuestionario piloto
2010
La investigación social se ha movido históricamente entre oposiciones conceptuales que el construccionismo sociológico intenta superar. Mediante el análisis de las respuestas y los problemas planteados por un cuestionario piloto dirigido a traductores de literatura, se tratan una serie de planteamientos aplicables a la investigación sociológica de la traducción literaria. Se hace especial hincapié en la indefinición como grupo de los traductores literarios y se plantea la utilidad del concepto “brecha de paralaje” (Slavoj Žižek) como método de análisis interdisciplinar y dialéctico. Historically, social research has alternated between conceptual opposites that social constructionism tries t…
Object, problem, or subject?: A child with a disability as found in reports of professionals
2009
This study examined the representations of one Finnish child with disabilities as constructed in reports written by professionals. The professional action models which appeared in the discourse of the reports were also explored. The theoretical framework of the study was based on the social constructionist approach. Research data consisted of 145 documents, the analyses of which were based on critical discourse analysis developed by Fairclough (1992). Results indicated that the child with a disability was constructed in the documents in varying ways, either as an object, a problem, or a subject Professional expertise, mechanistic and objectivist practices, and seeing disability as an indivi…