Search results for "social justice"

A equidade no direito administrativo italiano

2017

A observância do cânone da equidade nas decisões e nas ações da administração pública constitui, hoje, um princípio geral do direito europeu e interno e, em particular, é objeto de uma pretensão individual considerada um direito humano fundamental. O art. 41 da Carta dos direitos fundamentais da União europeia, de fato, proclama, pela primeira vez, o direito à boa administração e o define como o direito de cada pessoa a ser tratado, pela autoridade pública, de modo imparcial e equânime dentro de um prazo razoável. O escopo deste texto será aquele de precisar o significado jurídico da equidade da administração pública à luz das teorizações doutrinárias e das aplicações jurisprudenciais. Fair…

Marxismo, giustizia sociale e garanzie dello Stato di diritto

2020

In the last decades the interest of philosophers and political scientists in Marx’s thinking is growing to recover those aspects of his theory that are believed to be still valid: above all, the aspiration to social justice. In this perspective, it is important to reflect on the relationship between the Marxian conception of the State and the law, and the totali- tarian State that arose after the Bolshevik revolution in Russia. Marx’s thesis, rejecting the Rule of Law and human rights as functional to the domination of the capitalist class, legitimised an instrumental conception of law and the model of political centralisation, which was provided for in the Leninist programme and then imple…

Validation study of an evaluation scale of ‘perceived social justice’ in the primary and secondary education

2018

La evaluación educativa se ha basado fundamentalmente en el éxito académico. Sin embargo, estudios recientes han valorado estudiar la percepción que el propio alumnado tiene sobre otros aspectos como, por ejemplo, el de la justicia social. Así pues, el objetivo general de nuestro trabajo es el diseño de un instrumento que permita evaluar la percepción que crea el alumnado sobre justicia social educativa (JSP-E) a partir de las interacciones y relaciones que se establecen entre alumnado y profesorado. El constructo “Justicia Social Percibida en la Educación" se incluye dentro de la dimensión de equidad del modelo de evaluación de instituciones y sistemas educativos definido en Jornet (2012) …

Mapping 123 million neonatal, infant and child deaths between 2000 and 2017

2019

Since 2000, many countries have achieved considerable success in improving child survival, but localized progress remains unclear. To inform efforts towards United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 3.2—to end preventable child deaths by 2030—we need consistently estimated data at the subnational level regarding child mortality rates and trends. Here we quantified, for the period 2000–2017, the subnational variation in mortality rates and number of deaths of neonates, infants and children under 5 years of age within 99 low- and middle-income countries using a geostatistical survival model. We estimated that 32% of children under 5 in these countries lived in districts that had attained ra…

Uniwersytet nowego wzoru

2016

Ethical E-Participation

2014

The most recent forms of e-participation seem to provide new issues that need to be discussed. One such discussion involves the role of GIS. Can an ethically aware GIS be conceived? What does it mean for a GIS to be ethical at all? Throughout this paper, first the authors create a theoretical framework to encompass four key elements that lead us to the definition of ethical digital mapping: GIS ethics, social justice, power, and participation. Then they introduce the concept of PPGIS (Public Participation GIS), and argue that only a ‘qualitative turn' can enhance their importance in decision-making processes. Finally, the authors discuss an experiment that is currently taking place in Paler…

Survival Value and a Robust, Practical, Joyless Individualism: Thomas Nixon Carver, Social Justice, and Eugenics

2017

The aim of this paper is to provide a compressive assessment of Thomas Nixon Carver's thought—from his early formative years in the 1880s to his post WWII career as a journalist and pamphleteer. The main (albeit not exclusive) focus of this paper will be on the theoretical and philosophical coordinates of Carver's “new liberalism”—his own definition—and how this broad vision was intrinsically connected with an explicitly hierarchical and eugenic approach to human nature. Just as important, what follows is also an attempt to increase our general understanding of the extent in which eugenic considerations permeated the realm of political economy during the first decades of the last century an…

Social Justice and Financial Capitalism: Some Notions on Risks, Hierarchies, and Value

2018

The recurring financial crises and intensive financialisation force a reconsideration of theories of justice. This article analyses financial capitalism as an ideal-type. In ideal-typical financial capitalism, risks and positions of vulnerability take a pronounced role in the determination of social positions. Risks also come in a specific ontological form. Further, the analysis extends to the production of value in financial capitalism and its relation to a particular logic of determining social positions. The article discusses, how should theories of justice be updated to accommodate this particular ontology of risks. This requires also making a distinction between explicit and implicit p…

The Production of Disqualified Youth Through Basic Vocational Education and Training Provision: Examples from Valencia

2019

Basic Vocational Education and Training (VET) in Spain is specifically addressed to young students that are previously categorized as early school leavers in the educational system. In this chapter, we approach this type of VET provision by focusing specifically on its influence on youth production. By doing so, we attempt to show connections among the training provided in a specific Spanish region and the youngsters’ pathways. This will be accounted in terms of the constraints and possibilities it provides the youngster, and both will be examined under a dimensional social justice theory focusing on the professional transitions and social participation it enables. Overall, we aim to approa…

The relevance of the French rural policy by the yardstick of the theories of justice

2010

The relevance of the French rural policy by the yardstick of the theories of justice How to evaluate the relevance of the French rural policy ? When the question is to what extent the objectives of the policy are reached owing to public interventions, the method is relatively well known. However, when the question is to what extent these objectives are relevant, an important problem is faced : the referential of this evaluation is indefinite. In this article, we propose to define this referential on the basis of moral and political philosophy : The objectives are relevant if they are derived from a conception of justice that is itself relevant. From this viewpoint, the relevance of the curr…