Search results for "speech"
showing 10 items of 1281 documents
Efectos de la estructura silábica en el priming silábico
2011
Resumen en inglés. Resumen basado en el de la publicación La sílaba se considera una unidad de acceso en el reconocimiento visual de palabras. Diferentes estudios han evidenciado el papel de la sílaba manipulando la frecuencia silábica y mediante el priming silábico. Se estudia si los efectos del priming silábico se encuentran modulados por la estructura de la sílaba inicial. Se realizaron tres experimentos de decisión léxica con asincronías señal-test entre las 64 y 320 milésimas de segundo que mostraron un claro efecto de priming silábico para palabras de estructura CV en la sílaba inicial, pero no cuando la sílaba inicial tenía estructura CVC. Este hallazgo tiene implicaciones para los m…
Conciencia fonológica y resolución de problemas matemáticos en educación infantil
2018
Resumen Introduccion Algunos estudios revelan la participacion del procesamiento linguistico en la resolucion de problemas matematicos, subrayando su papel en la representacion y en el procesamiento de informacion. Estas investigaciones no suelen considerar poblacion en edades tempranas. Objetivos Este estudio tiene un doble objetivo: analizar la influencia linguistica en resolucion de problemas matematicos en la etapa de educacion infantil y analizar que habilidades linguisticas explican significativamente por si solas la resolucion de problemas matematicos. Metodo Participaron 76 ninos espanoles que cursaban tercero de educacion infantil. Se evaluaron habilidades semanticas, morfosintacti…
Revista de logopedia, foniatría y audiología
2011
Resumen Objetivos Caracterizar, comparar y clasificar el desempeno ortografico de los estudiantes con trastorno por deficit de atencion con hiperactividad (TDAH) segun la semiologia de los errores y describir los hallazgos de neuroimagen en estos estudiantes. Metodo Se evaluo a 36 estudiantes de tercero hasta quinto grado de la escuela primaria, con edad entre 8 y 11 anos de edad, de ambos sexos, divididos en dos grupos: GI, compuesto por 18 estudiantes con diagnostico interdisciplinario de TDAH, el 60% era del sexo masculino y el 40% del sexo femenino, y GII, compuesto por 18 estudiantes con buen rendimiento academico, agrupados por sexo, edad y grado escolar segun el GI. Se aplicaron las …
Secuencia evolutiva del conocimiento fonológico en niños prelectores
2014
Resumen El trabajo trata sobre el conocimiento fonologico y sus niveles de adquisicion en ninos prelectores. Se ha aplicado la prueba Bateria de Inicio a la Lectura (BIL 3-6), que evalua las habilidades relacionadas con una adquisicion exitosa de la lectura. Esta bateria es un instrumento util para las escuelas de educacion infantil, en los anos previos al inicio del aprendizaje de la lectura, y presenta las siguientes subpruebas de conocimiento fonologico: rima, contar palabras, contar silabas, aislar silabas y fonemas —principio de palabra— y omision de silabas. La prueba se aplico a una muestra representativa de 344 ninos espanoles con edades comprendidas entre los 3 y los 6 anos. Esto h…
Speech Activity Detection under Adverse Noisy Conditions at Low SNRs
2021
Speech originating from the noisy environments degrades the speech quality and intelligibility, thus reducing the human perceived Quality of Experience (QoE). For example, surveillance using drone during natural catastrophe needs an efficient speech recognition device to recognise the speech of the frozen human in presence of drone noise to save their life. Therefore, it often requires to pre-process the noisy speech in order to reduce the noise artifacts and enhance the speech. This paper detects the speech activity using Voice Activity Detection (VAD). The VAD distinguishes speech activity (speech presence) and speech inactivity (silence/noise) by extracting the speech features and compar…
Lexical and sublexical units in speech perception.
2009
Saffran, Newport, and Aslin (1996a) found that human infants are sensitive to statistical regularities corresponding to lexical units when hearing an artificial spoken language. Two sorts of segmentation strategies have been proposed to account for this early word-segmentation ability: bracketing strategies, in which infants are assumed to insert boundaries into continuous speech, and clustering strategies, in which infants are assumed to group certain speech sequences together into units (Swingley, 2005). In the present study, we test the predictions of two computational models instantiating each of these strategies i.e., Serial Recurrent Networks: Elman, 1990; and Parser: Perruchet & Vint…
Interaction in Spoken Word Recognition Models: Feedback Helps
2018
Human perception, cognition, and action requires fast integration of bottom-up signals with top-down knowledge and context. A key theoretical perspective in cognitive science is the interactive activation hypothesis: forward and backward flow in bidirectionally connected neural networks allows humans and other biological systems to approximate optimal integration of bottom-up and top-down information under real-world constraints. An alternative view is that online feedback is neither necessary nor helpful; purely feed forward alternatives can be constructed for any feedback system, and online feedback could not improve processing and would preclude veridical perception. In the domain of spo…
Music and speech prosody: a common rhythm
2013
Disorders of music and speech perception, known as amusia and aphasia, have traditionally been regarded as dissociated deficits based on studies of brain damaged patients. This has been taken as evidence that music and speech are perceived by largely separate and independent networks in the brain. However, recent studies of congenital amusia have broadened this view by showing that the deficit is associated with problems in perceiving speech prosody, especially intonation and emotional prosody. In the present study the association between the perception of music and speech prosody was investigated with healthy Finnish adults (n = 61) using an on-line music perception test including the Scal…
Brain responses to speech sounds in infants and children with and without familial risk for dyslexia
2015
Dyslexia, a specific reading disability, runs in families. Therefore, the risk for a child to become dyslexic increases multifold if reading difficulties occur in the family. One risk factor for dyslexia is a deficit in speech perception. Using EEG, speech sound discrimination was found to be more demanding than non- speech discrimination in typical readers in Study I. In Study II, in children with dyslexia in 3rd grade, enhanced brain responses were observed and found to be associated with better performance in reading accuracy, spelling accuracy and phonemic length discrimination tasks. The brain responses of the most accurate readers in the dyslexia group originated from a more posterior…
An Experimental Study of Lexical Access in the Writing and Naming of Isolated Words
1998
Unlike speech production, lexical access in written production has not systematically been investigated experimentally. Four experiments were run on literate adults to support the view that although the spoken and written language production systems may obviously share some processing levels, they also both have some specific processing components. The general findings provide evidence for such a view and are discussed in the framework of studies in verbal production conducted on normals and on braindamaged patients. Contrairement a la production verbale orale, l'acces lexical en production verbale ecrite n'a pas ete etudie experimentalement de facon systematique. Quatre experiences ont ete…