Search results for "stereotype"
showing 10 items of 148 documents
Intermittent cortical stimulation evokes sensitization to cocaine and enduring changes in matrix and striosome neuron responsiveness
2005
Both the behavioral sensitization syndrome and the changes in the responsiveness of striatal neurons evoked by chronic cocaine exposure may be linked to enhanced neocortical activity, yet a direct demonstration of the effects of cortical stimulation on these parameters is lacking. We have found that repeated stimulation of the rat prelimbic cortex with picrotoxin (0.25 microg/0.25 microl, five injections on alternate days followed by 7-day withdrawal) contributed to increase c-Fos protein expression in the striosomes of the dorsolateral striatum, while producing the opposite effect in the matrix compartment, after a single exposure to cocaine (25 mg/kg). Moreover, rats exposed to cortical s…
The dopamine uptake inhibitor 3 alpha-[bis(4'-fluorophenyl)metoxy]-tropane reduces cocaine-induced early-gene expression, locomotor activity, and con…
2009
Benztropine (BZT) analogs, a family of high-affinity dopamine transporter ligands, are molecules that exhibit pharmacological and behavioral characteristics predictive of significant therapeutic potential in cocaine addiction. Here, we examined in mice the effects of 3 alpha-[bis(4'-fluorophenyl)metoxy]-tropane (AHN-1055) on motor activity, conditioned place preference (CPP) and c-Fos expression in the striatum. AHN-1055 produced mild attenuation of spontaneous locomotor activity at a low dose (1 mg/kg) and weak stimulation at a higher dose (10 mg/kg). In parallel, the BZT analog significantly increased c-Fos expression in the dorsolateral caudoputamen at the high dose, whereas producing ma…
The rich are different: Unravelling the perceived and self-reported personality profiles of high-net-worth individuals.
2017
Beyond money and possessions, how are the rich different from the general population? Drawing on a unique sample of high-net-worth individuals from Germany (≥1 million Euro in financial assets; N = 130), nationally representative data (N = 22,981), and an additional online panel (N = 690), we provide the first direct investigation of the stereotypically perceived and self-reported personality profiles of high-net-worth individuals. Investigating the broad personality traits of the Big Five and the more specific traits of narcissism and locus of control, we find that stereotypes about wealthy people's personality are accurate albeit somewhat exaggerated and that wealthy people can be charact…
Black Pete through the eyes of Dutch children
2016
The traditional figure of Black Pete seen during the December festivities around Sinterklaas (the Dutch Santa Claus) in the Netherlands has sparked fierce debates about his racial stereotypical characteristics and his potentially negative effects on children’s opinions about black people. The Black Pete phenomenon has even been discussed by the United Nations Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, resulting in a report urging the Netherlands to eliminate this form of racial stereotyping. The adult debate about Black Pete is clearly important, but Sinterklaas is essentially a children’s holiday. Surprisingly, there have never been any systematic studies to examine children’s…
Effects of Intraaccumbens Microinjections of Quinpirole on Head Turning and Circling Movement in the Rat
1998
This study was designed to evaluate whether nucleus accumbens dopamine D2 receptors are involved in the initiation of the movement, as distinguished from its execution. For this purpose, the effects of the quinpirole-induced increase of nucleus accumbens dopamine D2 receptor activity were observed on specific parameters of the circling behavior and of its first stage, the head-turning (HT) movement. The experiments were performed on rats with unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesion of the pars compacta of the substantia nigra and d-amphetamine i.p. (3 mg/kg). Bilateral intraaccumbens microinjections of quinpirole (1, 5, and 10 microg/0.5 microl), an agonist of the D2 receptor family, w…
Changes in the structure of the agonistic behavior of mice produced by D-amphetamine.
1997
The effects of three acute doses of D-amphetamine (0.25, 1.5 and 3 mg/kg) were studied in a model of isolation-induced aggression in male mice. An ethopharmacological analysis of the encounters was carried out, which studied the frequency, total and mean duration of different behavioral categories, including the temporal distribution of attacks and the duration of inter-attack intervals. The results show a reduction in the total and mean duration of the Attack category and an increase in motor activity manifested by longer durations, both total and mean, of Non Social Exploration and shorter Immobility. The temporal analysis of Attack revealed an increase in the number of very short (< 15 s…
Positive gender congruency effects on shopper responses:Field evidence from a gender egalitarian culture
2021
National audience; This field study examined how customer-employee interactions are affected by the congruency between an employee's gender and the perceived gender image of the consumption context in one of the most gender equal cultures in the world (Scandinavia). Mystery shoppers had a service encounter with an employee across a set of physical commercial settings that were classified according to their gender image. The mystery shoppers noted the gender of the employee, provided employee evaluations, and indicated word-of-mouth (WOM) ratings. Shoppers who had a gender congruent service encounter (e.g., a female employee in a “feminine” consumption context) reported more favorable employ…
The Image of Spain as Tourist Destination Built Through Fictional Cinema
2008
Fictional cinema is one of the cultural agents that shapes the international image of each country. It colonizes spectators’ imagery, and it can influence their choice of tourist destinations. Spanish cinema’s international diffusion has allowed the exhibition of movies that spread and renew the image of Spain in different ways. In this respect, we propose a three-fold typology of films focusing our attention on their content and the ways in which they build the image of Spain: Icon Films, Pastiche Films, and Tourist Poster Films. These films may stimulate the increase of a cultural tourism very different from the traditional one that inspired many to come to Spain mainly looking for sunny …
Mitochondrial DNA sequence data support the allocation of Greek mainland chameleons to Chamaeleo africanus
1999
Arnold, E.N., Burton, J.A. (1978): Reptiles and Amphibians of Britain and Europe. London, Collins & Sons.Bruno, S., Maugeri, S. (1990): Guida ai serpenti d’ Italia e d’ Europa. Milano, Editoriale Giorgio Mondadori.Carpenter, C.C., Ferguson, G.W. (1977): Variation and evolution of stereotyped behaviour in reptiles. In: Biologyof theReptilia, Vol. 7, p. 335-554. Gans, C., Tinkle, D.W.,Eds, London, New York, San Francisco, AcademicPress.Tomaselli, R., Balduzzi, A., Filipello, S. (1973): Carta Bioclimatica d’ Italia. Collana Verde 33, MinisteroAgricoltura eForeste, Roma.
The role of categorization bias in situations of sports and non-sport interaction among Cameroonian footballers migrating to Europe and the Maghreb
2019
The objective of this doctoral work was to consider the difficulties of integration of Cameroonian footballers migrating in Europe and the Maghreb. Starting from the mobilization of a theoretical framework centered on intergroup relations, we questioned the role ofcategorical and identity processes in situations of sporting and non-sporting interactions and their effects on players' behavior.The first exploratory and qualitative study was conducted among Cameroonian footballers who had lived an experience in European or Maghreb clubs. It highlighted the relationship difficulties and forms of discrimination sports and non-sporting which they face, in relation to their ethnic origin. The seco…