Search results for "tumor necrosis factor alpha"
showing 10 items of 479 documents
Tumornekrosefaktor
2009
Psoriasis and Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
2018
<b><i>Background:</i></b> Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and psoriasis (PS) are associated conditions. The reason for this association lies in the sharing of predisposition genes and common immunological mechanisms. <b><i>Summary:</i></b> This review will focus on the interplay between IBD and PS, with details on prevalence and phenotype of PS in IBD, genetics, pathogenetic pathways, and therapy. <b><i>Key Messages:</i></b> Microbiome seems relevant in both conditions: a reduction of beneficial bacteria has been observed. IBD and PS have in common some comorbidities like cardiovascular disease, similar risk of cancer …
Functional relevance of soluble TNF-alpha, transmembrane TNF-alpha and TNF-signal transduction in gastrointestinal diseases with special reference to…
2002
As a result of extensive clinical and basic research, the pivotal role of tumour necrosis factor (TNF) in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has now generally been acknowledged. This has led to promising clinically effective anti-TNF-strategies. Of note, there is more and more evidence that TNF seems to play a key role in other gastrointestinal diseases including Helicobacter pylori infection, pancreatitis, viral hepatitis and toxic liver damage, too. The action of TNF at the cellular level is mediated by two cell surface receptors, TNF-R1 (p60) and TNF-R2 (p80). The function of these receptors and the downstream intracellular signal t…
Knock out der c-Jun N-terminalen Kinase 2 (JNK2) aggraviert die Entwicklung der chronischen DSS-Colitis unabhängig von der intestinalen Zytokin-Expre…
2008
Background The c-Jun N-terminal kinase 2 (JNK2) is involved in signal transduction of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and regulates the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. For this reason, JNK2 is considered as novel target for IBD therapy. The aim of this study was 1.) to examine the function of JNK2 applying a low dose Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS) model of chronic experimental colitis in JNK2 knock out mice and 2.) to analyze the expression of JNK2 dependent cytokines. Material and Methods: For induction of a mild chronic colitis, female JNK2 knockout mice (JNK2 ko) and their wildtype controls (WT2) received three cycles of DSS treatment, each consisting of 1.0 % DSS for 5 days, f…
From Immunogenic Mechanisms to Novel Therapeutic Approaches in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
2006
Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are the two most common forms of chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The etiology of IBD is still unclear and should be considered as multi-factorial according to recent studies.1 Genetic factors seem to play a pathogenetic role as well as environmental, infectious and immulogical factors. Substantial progress, however, has been made in the understanding of the pathogenesis of IBD during the past years persuing the view, that IBD could result from disturbances of the intestinal barrier and a pathologic activation of the intestinal immune response towards luminal, bacterial antigens. This paradigm has led to the identification of key pla…
Cannabis Influences the Putative Cytokines-Related Pathway of Epilepsy among Egyptian Epileptic Patients
2019
The study aims to investigate: (1) the prevalence of cannabis among epileptic patients seen at Mansoura University Hospital, (2) serum levels and gene expression of cytokines in epilepsy patients and the controls. and (3) the possibility that cannabis use affects the cytokine levels in epilepsy patients, triggering its future use in treatment. We recruited 440 epilepsy patients and 200 controls matched for age, gender, and ethnicity. Of the epileptic patients, 37.5% demonstrated lifetime cannabis use with a mean duration of 15 ±
Cavernolide
2000
Abstract The inhibitory effect of cavernolide, a novel C 21 terpene lactone isolated from the sponge Fasciospongia cavernosa , on PLA 2 and other enzyme activities involved in the inflammatory process was studied. Cavernolide inhibited human synovial sPLA 2 in a concentration-dependent manner with an IC 50 value of 8.8 μM. Besides, this compound decreased in the nanomolar range the myeloperoxidase degranulation process using different stimuli. Cavernolide also inhibited TNFα, NO and PGE 2 production in intact cell experiments. NO and PGE 2 reduction was the consequence of the inhibition on iNOS and COX-2 expression because it did not affect inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase…
Enhanced Lipid Peroxidation and Platelet Activation in the Early Phase of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
2003
Background— To investigate early events possibly related to the development of diabetic angiopathy, we examined whether 8-iso-prostaglandin F 2α (8-iso-PGF 2α ) formation, a marker of in vivo oxidant stress, is altered in different stages of type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and whether it correlates with the rate of thromboxane (TX) A 2 biosynthesis, a marker of in vivo platelet activation. We also investigated the relationship between inflammatory markers and F 2 -isoprostane formation in this setting. Methods and Results— A cross-sectional study was performed in 23 insulin-treated patients aged <18 years with new-onset T1DM (≤6 weeks, group A), matched for age and gender with 23 patients with s…
High-level secretion of tumor necrosis factor-alpha contributes to hematopoietic failure in hairy cell leukemia [see comments]
1989
Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is frequently associated with severe pancytopenia. The authors detected high levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in the bone marrow serum of patients with HCL and found anti-TNF-alpha neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) to be able to enhance hematopoiesis of HCL patients in in vitro colony assays. As potent producers of TNF-alpha, hairy cells could be identified, thus implicating the malignant population in the pathogenesis of hematopoietic failure due to inappropriate secretion of this cytokine.
High-level secretion of tumor necrosis factor-alpha contributes to hematopoietic failure in hairy cell leukemia [see comments]
1989
Abstract Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is frequently associated with severe pancytopenia. The authors detected high levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in the bone marrow serum of patients with HCL and found anti-TNF-alpha neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) to be able to enhance hematopoiesis of HCL patients in in vitro colony assays. As potent producers of TNF-alpha, hairy cells could be identified, thus implicating the malignant population in the pathogenesis of hematopoietic failure due to inappropriate secretion of this cytokine.