Search results for "ventilator"

showing 10 items of 84 documents

Analysis and modulation of the inflammatory response through lung agression related to bacterial infection and mechanical ventilation

2015

Despite major advances since decades in the management of ventilated patients, ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) continues to complicate the course of approximately 28% of the patients receiving mechanical ventilation (MV). Among patients hospitalized in intensive care units, the risk of pneumonia is 3- to 10- fold increased in MV patients. However, MV is often the only way to care for critically ill patients with respiratory failure. It has now been clearly demonstrated that MV, in particular adverse ventilatory strategies could activate lung cells, thus leading to a proinflammatory response, even in the absence of pathogen. This is the biotrauma paradigm, which accounts, at least in p…

InflammationVentilation mécaniqueLésions pulmonairesStatinsPneumonie acquise sous ventilation mécaniquePneumonia[SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular BiologyLung injuryStatinesProne positionMechanical ventilationDécubitus ventralAlarminesPneumonieAlarminsVentilator-associated pneumoniaInfection[SDV.BC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology
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Intraoperative ventilator settings and their association with postoperative pulmonary complications in neurosurgical patients: Post-hoc analysis of L…

2020

Abstract Background Limited information is available regarding intraoperative ventilator settings and the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) in patients undergoing neurosurgical procedures. The aim of this post-hoc analysis of the ‘Multicentre Local ASsessment of VEntilatory management during General Anaesthesia for Surgery’ (LAS VEGAS) study was to examine the ventilator settings of patients undergoing neurosurgical procedures, and to explore the association between perioperative variables and the development of PPCs in neurosurgical patients. Methods Post-hoc analysis of LAS VEGAS study, restricted to patients undergoing neurosurgery. Patients were stratified into g…

Lung DiseasesMaleSURGERYmedicine.medical_treatment[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]RESPIRATORY-DISTRESS-SYNDROMEBRAIN-INJURYNeurosurgical ProceduresPositive-Pressure Respiration0302 clinical medicinePostoperative ComplicationsMechanical ventilation030202 anesthesiologyInterquartile rangeMedicine and Health SciencesGeneral anaesthesiaEND-EXPIRATORY-PRESSUREProspective StudiesPostoperative pulmonaryPostoperative pulmonary complicationsMiddle Aged3. Good health[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]AnesthesiaFemaleNeurosurgeryResearch ArticlePulmons MalaltiesAdultmedicine.medical_specialtycomplicationsNeurosurgeryLung injuryAnesthesia GeneralLAS VEGAS; Mechanical ventilation; Neurosurgery; Postoperative pulmonary complications;NOlcsh:RD78.3-87.3LAS VEGAS ; Mechanical ventilation ; Neurosurgery ; Postoperative pulmonary complications.03 medical and health sciencesNeurologiaLAS VEGASAnesthesiologymedicineTidal VolumeHumansMED/41 - ANESTESIOLOGIAHIGH TIDALAgedMechanical ventilationIntraoperative CareVentilators MechanicalCirurgiabusiness.industry030208 emergency & critical care medicineOdds ratioPerioperativeRespiration ArtificialAnesthesiology and Pain Medicinelcsh:AnesthesiologyVOLUMELAS VEGAS; Mechanical ventilation; Neurosurgery; Postoperative pulmonary complicationsbusinessPostoperative pulmonary complicationLUNG INJURY
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Effect of lung mechanics on mechanically assisted flows and volumes.

2004

To correlate the air flows generated by mechanical insufflation-exsufflation as a function of pressure delivery in a lung model at two pulmonary compliance and three airway resistance settings.With each combination of pulmonary compliances of 25 and 50 ml/cm H2O and airway resistances of 6, 11, and 17 cm H2O/liter/sec, ten cycles of mechanical insufflation-exsufflation were applied using pressure deliveries of 40 to -40, 50 to -50, 60 to -60, and 70 to -70 cm H2O. The resulting peak exsufflation flows and volumes were recorded.In a multivariate analysis, the pulmonary compliance, airway resistance, and pressure delivery were all found to significantly affect exsufflation flows and volumes s…

Lung DiseasesVentilators Mechanicalbusiness.industryLung mechanicsAirway ResistanceRehabilitationPhysical Therapy Sports Therapy and RehabilitationInsufflationMechanicsModels BiologicalRespiration ArtificialModels StructuralPositive-Pressure RespirationAnesthesiaMultivariate AnalysisRespiratory MechanicsMedicineHumansNoninvasive ventilationPositive-Pressure RespirationbusinessPulmonary VentilationLungAmerican journal of physical medicinerehabilitation
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Predictors of non-invasive ventilation tolerance in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

2011

Abstract Background The most frequent cause of death in patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is respiratory failure. Recently, it has been shown that non-invasive ventilation improves survival and quality of life in ALS patients with respiratory failure, but little is known about predictors of non-invasive ventilation adaptation and tolerance. In this study we evaluated the effect of a comprehensive information about non-invasive ventilation use and a prolonged and intensive monitoring on tolerance to this palliative care. Methods We prospectively monitored all consecutive ALS patients with chronic respiratory failure and indication to non-invasive ventilation between January 2…

MaleALS Chronic respiratory failure Tolerance to non-invasive ventilation Bulbar impairment POSITIVE-PRESSURE VENTILATION QUALITY-OF-LIFE PRACTICE PARAMETER CARE MANAGEMENT STANDARDS BIPAPmedicine.medical_specialtyPalliative carePatientsTolerance to non-invasive ventilationBody Mass IndexQuality of lifeQUALITY-OF-LIFEPRACTICE PARAMETERMANAGEMENTHumansMedicineDementiaChronic respiratory failureOximetryProspective StudiesAmyotrophic lateral sclerosisIntensive care medicineBIPAPAgedCause of deathVentilators Mechanicaltolerancebusiness.industryAmyotrophic Lateral SclerosisRespiratory diseaseSialorrheaCAREMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseRespiration ArtificialBulbar impairment POSITIVE-PRESSURE VENTILATIONCaregiversNeurologyRespiratory failureSpirometryChronic DiseaseNIVEmergency medicineBreathingFemaleSettore MED/26 - NeurologiaNeurology (clinical)Blood Gas AnalysisALSRespiratory InsufficiencybusinessSTANDARDSJournal of the Neurological Sciences
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Lung injury does not aggravate mechanical ventilation-induced early cerebral inflammation or apoptosis in an animal model.

2018

INTRODUCTION:The acute respiratory distress syndrome is not only associated with a high mortality, but also goes along with cognitive impairment in survivors. The cause for this cognitive impairment is still not clear. One possible mechanism could be cerebral inflammation as result of a "lung-brain-crosstalk". Even mechanical ventilation itself can induce cerebral inflammation. We hypothesized, that an acute lung injury aggravates the cerebral inflammation induced by mechanical ventilation itself and leads to neuronal damage. METHODS:After approval of the institutional and state animal care committee 20 pigs were randomized to one of three groups: lung injury by central venous injection of …

MaleARDSCritical Care and Emergency MedicinePulmonologySwinePhysiologymedicine.medical_treatmentVentilator-Induced Lung InjuryInterleukin-1betalcsh:MedicineApoptosisPathology and Laboratory MedicineHippocampusPositive-Pressure RespirationRandom Allocation0302 clinical medicineAnimal CellsImmune PhysiologyMedicine and Health Scienceslcsh:ScienceImmune ResponseAcute Respiratory Distress SyndromeTidal volumeCerebral CortexNeuronsCognitive ImpairmentRespiratory Distress SyndromeInnate Immune SystemMultidisciplinarymedicine.diagnostic_testCognitive NeurologyBrainGeneral MedicineLung InjuryNeurologyAnesthesiaBreathingCytokinesTumor necrosis factor alphamedicine.symptomAnatomyCellular TypesGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesResearch ArticleHistologyCognitive NeuroscienceImmunology10208 Institute of NeuropathologyInflammation610 Medicine & healthGenetics and Molecular BiologyGlial Cells1100 General Agricultural and Biological SciencesLung injury03 medical and health sciencesSigns and SymptomsRespiratory Failure1300 General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyDiagnostic MedicinemedicineAnimalsMicroglial CellsMechanical ventilationInflammation1000 Multidisciplinarybusiness.industryInterleukin-6Tumor Necrosis Factor-alphalcsh:RBiology and Life Sciences030208 emergency & critical care medicineCell BiologyMolecular Developmentmedicine.diseaseRespiration ArtificialBronchoalveolar lavage030228 respiratory systemImmune SystemCellular NeuroscienceGeneral Biochemistry570 Life sciences; biologyCognitive Sciencelcsh:QbusinessDevelopmental BiologyNeurosciencePloS one
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Effects of a one-year exercise training program in adults over 70 years old: a study with a control group

2007

Background and aims: Exercise training is known to improve exercise tolerance in elderly subjects. Therefore the present study aimed at investigating the effects of one year of combined endurance and resistance training in healthy older people. Methods: After baseline evaluation, subjects were assigned to either the training group (n=24, age 77.2±3.6) or the control group (n=16, age 76.1±4.8). Subjects in the control group did not change anything in their everyday activities, whereas subjects in the training group underwent moderately intensive combined exercise training, 3 hours a week over the course of one year. Breath-by-breath oxygen uptake and heart rate were measured at each workload…

MaleAgingmedicine.medical_specialtyPoison controlWalkinglaw.inventionCardiovascular Physiological PhenomenaOxygen ConsumptionRandomized controlled trialHeart RatelawHeart rateMaximal strengthHumansMedicineLongitudinal StudiesMuscle StrengthExercise physiologyExerciseAerobic capacityAgedAged 80 and overbusiness.industryWalk testPhysical EnduranceRespiratory Physiological PhenomenaPhysical therapyFemaleGeriatrics and GerontologybusinessVentilatory thresholdAging Clinical and Experimental Research
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Noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation in ALS: predictors of tolerance and survival.

2006

Objective: To identify factors associated with tolerance and survival after noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation (NIPPV) and to investigate the influence of NIPPV on lung function in patients with ALS. Methods: NIPPV was offered to 71 patients with ALS in accordance with currently published guidelines. Effects of NIPPV on lung function and factors influencing tolerance and survival after NIPPV were studied. Results: Forty-four patients (61.9%; 95% CI: 50.6 to 73.2) tolerated NIPPV (NIPPV use >= 4 h/day) and 27 (38.1%; 95% CI: 26.8 to 49.4) were intolerant (NIPPV use = 4 h/day) and to the modifications of forced vital capacity decline after treatment initiation. The severity of bulbar i…

MaleNUTRITIONAL-STATUSmedicine.medical_specialtyVital capacityTime FactorsPositive pressureAMYOTROPHIC-LATERAL-SCLEROSISDISEASEPositive-Pressure RespirationFEV1/FVC ratioPredictive Value of TestsInternal medicineSickness Impact ProfilemedicineHumansSurvival rateLungAgedDemographyRetrospective StudiesVentilators Mechanicalbusiness.industryAmyotrophic Lateral SclerosisFUNCTIONAL RATING-SCALECAREMiddle AgedSurgeryRespiratory Function TestsSurvival RatePredictive value of testsRelative riskMultivariate AnalysisCardiologyBreathingFemaleNeurology (clinical)businessBody mass indexFollow-Up StudiesNeurology
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Epidemiological characteristics, practice of ventilation, and clinical outcome in patients at risk of acute respiratory distress syndrome in intensiv…

2016

Background Scant information exists about the epidemiological characteristics and outcome of patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) at risk of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and how ventilation is managed in these individuals. We aimed to establish the epidemiological characteristics of patients at risk of ARDS, describe ventilation management in this population, and assess outcomes compared with people at no risk of ARDS. Methods PRoVENT (PRactice of VENTilation in critically ill patients without ARDS at onset of ventilation) is an international, multicentre, prospective study undertaken at 119 ICUs in 16 countries worldwide. All patients aged 18 years or older who were rece…

MalePediatricsARDSmedicine.medical_treatmentlaw.inventionPositive-Pressure Respiration0302 clinical medicinelawRisk FactorsPrevalenceventilator–induced lung injuryProspective StudiesHospital MortalityProspective cohort studyTidal volumeeducation.field_of_studyRespiratory Distress SyndromeAcute respiratory distress syndrometidal volumeARDS critically ill ventilationMiddle AgedIntensive care unitIntensive Care UnitsCritical IllneFemaleHumanPulmonary and Respiratory Medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyCritical IllnessPopulationIntensive Care UnitLung injurymechanical ventilationNO03 medical and health sciencesIntensive caremedicineAcute respiratory distress syndrome mechanical ventilation ventilator–induced lung injury tidal volume positive end–expiratory pressureHumansMED/41 - ANESTESIOLOGIAeducationAgedMechanical ventilationbusiness.industryRisk FactorRespiratory Distress Syndrome Adult030208 emergency & critical care medicinemedicine.diseaseRespiration ArtificialMechanical ventilation Acute respiratory failure Acute respiratory distress syndromeProspective Studie030228 respiratory systemEmergency medicinepositive end–expiratory pressurebusiness
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Standardized weaning of infants <32 weeks of gestation from continuous positive airway pressure – a feasibility study

2015

The practice of weaning premature infants from continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) varies considerably and is usually performed without written standards. In this study, the feasibility of a standardized weaning approach was evaluated. In a quasi-experimental design, data from a prospective, post-intervention cohort (n=41) were compared to data from a pre-intervention cohort (n=36). Standardized weaning was feasible but no significant differences in short-term respiratory outcomes were observed. Weaning from CPAP was achieved at 32.1 ± 1.6 (post-intervention) versus 32.5 ± 2.3 weeks (pre-intervention) postmenstrual age. More rigorous, large-scale clinical trials are necessary before …

MalePediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtyTime Factorsmedicine.medical_treatment03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicine030225 pediatricsmedicineHumansWeaning030212 general & internal medicineContinuous positive airway pressureContinuous Positive Airway Pressurebusiness.industryInfant NewbornPostmenstrual AgeInfantObstetrics and GynecologyEvidence-based medicineClinical trialPractice Guidelines as TopicPediatrics Perinatology and Child HealthCohortFeasibility StudiesGestationFemalebusinessVentilator WeaningInfant PrematureThe Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine
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Weaning Premature Infants from Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure - Current Practice and Scientific Evidence.

2017

Abstract Objective In the past decade, a number of trials have been conducted to determine the optimal strategy of weaning premature infants from nasal continuous airway pressure (nCPAP). However, a paucity of information exists on how weaning is actually performed in clinical routine. Aim of this study was to investigate the current practice of weaning premature infants from nCPAP in Germany. Methods An online survey was performed in German tertiary care neonatal units. Results All 160 German tertiary care units were contacted. Replies were retrieved from 85/160 (53%) units, of which 83/160 (52%) completed the questionnaire. 66/83 (80%) respondents indicated to wean without the use of form…

MalePediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.medical_treatmentInfant Premature DiseasesTertiary careDecision Support TechniquesTertiary Care Centers03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineRisk Factors030225 pediatricsGermanySurveys and QuestionnairesmedicineWeaningHumans030212 general & internal medicineContinuous positive airway pressureContinuous Positive Airway Pressurebusiness.industryInfant NewbornClinical routineClinical trialTreatment OutcomeCurrent practicePediatrics Perinatology and Child HealthFemaleHigh flowbusinessAirwayVentilator WeaningKlinische Padiatrie
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